Clematis sanannen hawan tsire ne a tsakanin lambu. M greenery, mai haske inflorescences da dogon fure tsawon ba zai bar kowa ba sha'aninsu dabam. Wannan labarin ya faɗi yadda za a shuka irin wannan shuka a cikin lambu a gida, yana ba da tukwici da shawara kan kulawa.
Bayanin fure
Clematis dangin Lyutikov ne kuma ɗanyen dabino ne na zamani. Ya danganta da iri-iri, yana kama da dutsen zaitun, ciyawa ko shuki. A cikin Rasha, ana kiran wannan shuka yariman, clematis, da lozinka. Sunan kimiyya "Clematis" a cikin Girkanci yana nufin "reshe ko harbi na inabai," yana tabbatar da abin da irin wannan amfanin gona yake.
Roduirƙirawar Clematis mai yiwuwa ne ta iri da kuma hanyoyin tsirrai. Hanyar iri ta kasu kashi biyu: shuka iri da kuma shuka iri.
Clematis
Lokacin girbi ya dogara da yankin yankin. A cikin yankuna na kudanci tare da gajeren gajere da dumi, ana shuka tsaba a cikin kaka. A cikin yankuna masu karamin sanyi, an rufe matattarar ciyawar don hunturu tare da wani yanki na humus, sannan dusar ƙanƙara.
Don bayani! Shuka clematis tare da tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai tsanani zuwa 15 ° C ana yin shi a yankuna daban-daban.
Yadda ake tattara da kuma adana tsaba clematis
Kafin kayi girma clematis daga tsaba zuwa seedlings, kana buƙatar samun iri. An sayi tsaba Clematis a cikin kantin sayar da kaya na musamman ko aka tattara a gida. A kan tsire-tsire mai fure, ya zama dole don tara inflorescences wanda shugaban iri ya samo launin ruwan kwalliya kuma ana iya ganin tsaba a ciki. Irin waɗannan alamu na waje suna nuna cewa cikakke ne da bushe.
Furanni Clematis Furanni
An adana tsaba masu lalacewa a cikin ɗakin bushe ba tare da samun hasken rana ba. Don hana yin jujjuyawa, ana saka tsaba a cikin takarda ko a shimfiɗa shi a cikin maɓallin bakin ciki akan saman katako. An bada shawara don adana kyawawan tsaba da bushe har zuwa watanni 48, wasu nau'ikan suna da karami.
Mahimmanci! Abubuwan da aka girba da aka shuka suna saurin shuka fiye da takwarorinsu, waɗanda aka adana sama da watanni 12.
Girman ƙwayar clematis yana shafar lokacin dasawa da tsawon lokacin shuka. Areanan an yi la'akari da tsayin 3.1-5.1 mm da faɗi 1.6-3.2 mm; an shuka su ne daga farkon bazara zuwa Afrilu, matsakaita mm 4.8-6 mm da tsawon 3.2-4.5 fadi - a farkon rabin Janairu, babba 6.5-12.5 mm tsayi da faɗin 5-10 mm - a cikin kaka.
Clematis tsaba
Woolly, yada, clematis na Duran, Pitcher da wasu nau'ikan halittu suna haɓaka tare da manyan tsaba, wanda ke fitowa ba tare da wata-wata ba daga wata zuwa bakwai. Wakilan Manchu, gaba-daya, mai jigon shida da Clematis daga kasar Sin sun bambanta da irin matsakaiciyar tsaka-tsakin kuma suna tsiro cikin wata daya ko watanni shida. Seedsananan tsaba na wasu nau'ikan clematis suna girma a lokaci ɗaya a cikin tsawon makonni biyu zuwa 17.
Kula! Girman tsaba ba shi da alaƙa da girman shuka da ƙyalli.
Shuka tsaba don shuka
Wani fasalin na Clematis, ban da tsawon ƙwayayen lokacin shuka, shine bin ka'idodin tsauraran abubuwa kamar ta haifuwa. Kwalaye ko kofuna waɗanda na tsire-tsire dole ne a bi da su tare da maganin warwarewa, ƙasa don shuka kuma an sanya shi cikin ruwa, ruwan don ban ruwa yana dafawa da sanyaya. Duk waɗannan shirye-shirye suna ƙaruwa da alama na germination na lafiya tsaba.
Cakuda yashi da chernozem daidai gwargwado na 1: 2 an zuba shi a cikin gilashin da ke sarrafawa ta hanyar kwata uku. An watsa tsaba Clematis a cakuda cakuda a hankali, an rufe shi da yanki na 1-2 cm na chernozem ko yashi kogi. Irin wannan zurfin tsaba shine mafi kyau duka, wanda zai ba da damar shuka a kan lokaci.
A saman Layer kuma ya kamata a shayar sosai. Sa'an nan an rufe gado zuriyar tare da kofin gilashi, wanda zai kula da yanayin zafi da keɓaɓɓen zafi da kuma yawan zafin jiki na shuka.
Watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici kuma na yau da kullun. Don haka, ana bada shawarar wannan hanyar ta hanyar pallets wanda aka zuba ruwa, ko ta amfani da kwan fitila na roba domin kar a wanke tsaba daga ƙasa. Don kula da yanayin zafi sosai, ana tsabtace kofin gilashin kowace rana don 'yan awanni biyu.
Mahimmanci! Ana kiyaye amfanin gona na hunturu a kan windowsill, bazara ko bazara - ana iya barsu akan titi. Babban yanayin zazzage don ƙwaya shi ne 26-30 ° C.
Manyan tsaba suna buƙatar ɗaukar saiti na watanni da yawa akan ƙananan shelf na firiji a cikin ingantaccen zafin jiki na 4-6 ° C. Ana shuka ƙananan tsaba nan da nan a cikin ƙasa ko greenhouse.
Clematis Seedlings
Bayan shuka ya tsiro kuma ya samo nau'i biyu na ganye (ganye biyu na farko ana kiransu cotyledons, biyu na gaba sune ganye na hakika), ana dasa bishiyoyin a cikin gidan shinkafa, manyan tukwane ko buɗe ƙasa. Dasa ne ake yi a lokacin bazara, bayan an rage girman barazanar dusar sanyi dare.
Kula! Don clematis da kyau zauna a cikin bude ƙasa, seedlings ya kamata a taurare. Don yin wannan, ana ɗaukar kwalaye tare da vines masu zuwa kowace rana don sa'o'i 3-4 don makonni 1-2.
Yadda za a dasa tsire-tsire na clematis a buɗe ƙasa
Tsaba suna girma, seedlings suna da ƙarfi, yanzu zaku iya dasa shukar a buɗe. Wuri a karkashin liana aka zaba dangane da sigogi masu zuwa:
- adadin hasken rana;
- halayen ƙasa;
- kariya daga iska;
- da ikon shigar da tallafi.
Clematis dasa
Kusan dukkan nau'ikan clematis, ciki har da Clematis Helios, sun fi son wuraren bude rana. A cikin inuwa, tsire-tsire suna tafiya kore tare da ƙarancin furanni. Ba kamar greenery ba, tushen tsarin yana buƙatar inuwa, wanda aka kirkira lokacin dasa shuki tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin girma a tushen clematis.
Canjin perennial ana bada shawarar yin haɓaka a kan ƙasa mai ɗan ƙaramin alkaline. Sako-sako da ƙasa kamar loam da yashi loam ma shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don dasa shuki saboda tsabtataccen ɗabi'a.
Mahimmanci! Ba a da shawarar yin dasa shuki a wuraren da ke kusa da kwarara ko ruwa a cikin ruwa, tunda ƙarancin larura yana cutarwa ga clematis.
Ana dasa gonakin inabi a nesa na 0.5 m daga goyon baya na gaba, alal misali, ganuwar gidan a gefen gabas ko yamma, don samar da yanayi don ci gaban tushen sa.
A cikin yankin da aka zaɓa, ana shuka shuki ko tsiro na farko da aka shuka a nesa daga 1.5-2 m daga juna don samar da sarari kyauta ta gaba na akalla 0.7 m tsakanin manyan tsire-tsire. Hakanan ya shafi dasa clematis kusa da bishiyoyi da shukoki - aƙalla 2 m. Idan za a dasa clematis a cikin wuraren tsiro na wasu albarkatu, wajibi ne don ware ɓacin rai a ƙarƙashin tushen tsarin tare da kayan rufin.
Kula da ciyarwa
An bada shawarar shayar da matasa creepers sau 2 a mako da yamma tare da ruwa, ba da ruwa a ko'ina cikin shuka, manya ba sau da yawa. A kowane hali ya kamata ku zuba ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushen clematis, saboda akwai damar lalata shi. Swayar iska wata hanya ce mai fa'ida bayan an sha ruwa. Mulching tare da sawun bishi ko gansakuka na kawar da tushen zafi kuma yana kula da danshi da suke buƙata.
Manyan miya
Idan shuka a hankali yayi girma, amma ƙasa da ƙasa fure, to, zaku iya ciyar da shi. Yayin ƙirƙirar greenery, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da riguna na saman nitrogen. Bayan farkon buds sun bayyana, ana haɗa ƙasa da ƙwayoyin potassium da phosphorus. A cikin kaka, an fi son amfani da superphosphate a cikin granules.
Kula! Yawan adadin takin yana yin tsari da lissafi gwargwadon umarnin, takin da ya wuce kima na iya haifar da mutuwar clematis.
Da yawa irin clematis
Itatuwa don yarda da duk yanayin, clematis ya zama abin adon kowane lambun don shekaru masu zuwa. Ganyen kankara na creepers zasu ba da inuwa a rana mai zafi, furanni masu haske zasu faranta ido a duk tsawon lokacin dumin. Thearfin shuka ba za a sanya shi daga wasu nau'in zai sa ya yiwu a shimfiɗa shafin a cikin tazara tazara guda ba.
