Summer shine lokacin girbi da kyauta kyauta na yanayi. A wannan lokaci muna ƙoƙari mu ji dadin dandano mai kyau. Kuma idan sun girma tare da hannayensu, yardar ta kara sau da yawa. Saboda haka, masu shayarwa suna ƙoƙari su kawo nau'in iri-iri masu ban sha'awa. Kuma daya daga cikin irin wadannan kyaututtuka zuwa ga lambu shi ne nau'in nau'in nau'i "Alenushka" ("Thumbelina"), bayanin abin da muka gabatar a gaba.
Kiwo
Pear "Thumbelina" - halittar shayarwa ta Rasha. An samo shi ne a wata cibiyar nazarin kimiyya na Rasha ta hanyar tsallake matakan digiri na 9 ("Bere winter Michurina") tare da nau'in kudancin ("Forest Beauty", "Josephine Mechelnskaya", "Triumph Zhoduani", "Anjou Beauty", "Duchesse Angouleme", " Duan Ruwa "," Cure "," Saint-Germain "). Shirin Yu.A. Petrov da N.V. Yefimov.
A ƙarshen 90s, an gabatar da iri-iri don gwaje-gwaje na jihar, bayan haka aka ba da shawara don bunkasa shi a Moscow da yankunan da ke kusa da kuma a yankin tsakiya na Rasha.
Sunan iri iri ne saboda girman girman 'ya'yan itace da itacen kanta. 
Shin kuna sani? A cikin karni na 17, ana kiran 'ya'yan itacen pear' ya'yan itace mai kyau saboda tsarin da yake da taushi.
Bayani da siffofi dabam dabam na iri-iri
Masu wakiltar kowace al'adu suna kama da juna kuma mutane marasa fahimta sun kasance daidai. Amma a gaskiya, iri suna da bambance-bambance.
Wood
Pear "Thumbelina" - raunana mai zurfi (har zuwa mita 1.5) itacen bishiya wanda ba shi da tsintsiya, tasowa, dan kadan ya sauya kambi.
Rassan sune launin launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa, tashi daga gangar jikin a kusurwar dama.
Tsarin yana da matsakaici a cikin girman, mai santsi, tare da gefen da aka yi wa dan kadan. A lokacin bazara, bishiyoyi suna fure da furanni mai launin ruwan rani masu launin shudi masu launin furanni.
Duka itatuwa suna fara bada 'ya'ya kawai don shekaru 6-8. 
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
'Ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri suna da ƙananan ƙananan - a matsakaicin 50-60 g. A lokacin rani na farawa ya zama rawaya mai launin zinariya, babban ɓangare na farfajiyar na mai launin fata ne.
Fata na cikakke pear yana da bakin ciki, mai santsi, tare da ɗan gajeren ƙananan cutuka.
Muna ba da shawara ka fahimci irin wannan nau'i na pears kamar: "Tenderness", "Rossoshanskaya dessert", "Century", "Pear Sinanci", "Krasulya", "Bergamot", "Just Maria", "Elena", "Forest Beauty", "Nika "," A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar Yakovlev "," Yara "," Avgustovskaya dew "," Chizhovskaya "," Ussuriyskaya "," Veles "," Talgar kyakkyawa "," Rogneda "da" Otradnenskaya ".
Ga ɓangaren litattafan almara na cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa suna halin irin waɗannan alamu kamar:
- juiciness;
- tausayi;
- ƙanshi;
- haske mai haske;
- m launi mai laushi.
Gwangwani 'ya'yan itatuwa na kayan kayan zane, suna da dandano mai dadi sosai, ba tare da furta acidity ba.Yana da muhimmanci! Pears "Thumbelina" samun dadi ko da a lokacin ruwan sama, sanyi rani.
Bayan girbi pears za'a iya adana su a cikin wata ɗaya da rabi. Kamar yadda ya yiwu, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun riƙe bayyanar su a cikin firiji, cellar ko sauran wuri mai sanyi har zuwa kwanaki 113, watau. Za ku iya cin abinci a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu muni har zuwa tsakiyar Janairu.
Game da tsinjin pear "Thumbelina" yana nufin tsakiyar kakar - an cire amfanin gona a kaka, a watan Satumba. A wannan lokaci, suna sauƙin kaiwa daga rassan har ma sun fara crumble.
Girbi shi ne matsakaici, amma na yau da kullum - a matsakaici, bishiyoyi masu girma suna ba da kadada 172-175 a kowace hectare.
Shin kuna sani? A Rasha, an kira pear "pear". Masana tarihi sun nuna cewa wannan sunan ya tashi ne saboda irin halayyar da ake ciki a lokacin da yake cin abinci.
Yadda za a zabi seedlings
Domin itace don tsayawa da kyau, yana da muhimmanci a sami damar zabar samfurori masu dacewa. Shin ya fi dacewa a cikin shaguna na musamman ko ma'aikata. Ya kamata ya zama daya ko biyu shekaru seedlings tare da tushen ci gaba. Har ila yau yana buƙatar kulawa da ɓangaren sama: dole ne ya kasance marar lahani, ba tare da lalacewa ba. Idan akwai ganye akan itacen, suna bukatar a cire, saboda suna saurin tsarin saukewa na shuka.
Seed haushi ya kamata santsi da kuma supple. Ƙunƙarar da ke rufewa ya ce cewa seedling ya riga ya bushewa fita. Bugu da kari, akwai rassan rassa 4-5 a kan akwati.
Zabi wani wuri a kan shafin
Pear yana tsiro kawai a ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa mai laushi tare da zurfin ruwa mai zurfi. Mafi kyawun acidity shi ne tsaka tsaki. Bugu da ƙari, yankin da aka tsara shi don yayi girma a cikin pear ya kamata ya kasance rana kuma ya kiyaye shi daga iska.
Yana da muhimmanci! A kan matalauci, tare da yawan acidity da ƙasa mai yadu, pear yana da wuya a daidaita da kuma sau da yawa ya ƙi yin 'ya'ya.
Tun da pear "Thumbelina" yana da kwarewa, yana bukatar pollinators - sauran nau'in itatuwan pear.
Shirye-shiryen aikin kafin saukowa
Makircin da kuke tsara don dasa shukin pear, tsabtace daga weeds da kuma tono.
Don dasa shuki seedlings shirya rami 80 cm zurfi kuma game da mita m. Komawa baya daga 30 cm daga tsakiya, ana ɗora wani gungumen cikin rami, wanda zai tallafa wa itacen kuma yale ta girma sosai.
A kowace rami yi cakuda karamin ƙasa, 8-10 kg na takin ko rotted taki, superphosphate (50 g), potash gishiri (30 g). 
Shirin mataki-mataki na dasa shuki seedlings
An dasa shuki a cikin rassan, kuma mafi kyau a cikin bazara, to, tushen tsarin zai sami lokaci don ɗaukarwa da samun ƙarfi kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. Idan an dasa shuki a cikin fall, ana shuka shuki don su iya canja wurin sanyi, wanda kullin snow yake rufe shi.
Saboda haka, tsarin dasawa ba abu mai rikitarwa ba ne: an sanya wani katako a cikin rami mai shirya kuma an kara ƙasa a can, yana girgiza seedling da kanta.
Ƙaƙwalwar wuyansa bayan dasa shuki ya tashi 6-8 cm sama da kasa. Bayan haka, an kifar da ƙasa da ruwa tare da 2-3 buckets na ruwa.
Gashin itacen yana daura da tsutsa kuma a karshe ya ci ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa ciyawa ba ta taɓa kututturen itacen. Idan ana shuka bishiyoyi da yawa, nisa tsakanin seedlings ya zama irin wannan bishiyar bishiyoyi ba sa tsoma baki tare da tafiyar matakai na juna. A matsayinka na mulkin, nesa daidai yake da yawan itatuwan girma, amma dole ne a kalla mita 4.
Shin kuna sani? Kafin shan taba ya zo Turai, an ƙone furen 'ya'yan itacen furen da aka zubar da su a can.
Yanayin kulawa na yanayi
Domin yaro ya zama lafiya da farin ciki da yawan aikinsa na shekaru masu yawa, dole ne ya bi wasu dokoki kuma ya aiwatar da matakai masu sauki don kula da shi.
Kula kula
Yancin wuri mai kyau, ba shakka, yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci, amma ana bukatar wasu kulawa ga kowane ƙasa:
- Kasashen da ke kewaye da itace ya kamata a kwashe su akai-akai (tsagewa zuwa zurfin kimanin 10 cm).
- Ya zama wajibi ne a shayar da itace a kai a kai. Norm - 2-3 buckets da 1 square. yankin mita. Ga kananan bishiyoyi, nauyin watering shine guga guda 1.
- Hakika, ƙasar ba ta dauke da weeds ba.
- Don kare amfanin gona daga weeds kuma adana ruwan haɗi, kasar gona ta buƙaci a cika. Peat, taki, da takin suna da kyau sosai kamar ciyawa. The manufa shafi Layer ne 6-8 cm.
Top dressing
Don girbi girbi mai kyau, dole ne a hadu da ƙasa. Don wannan, shekaru 4 na farko sau da yawa a kowace kakar kayan haɓaka na nitrogen (urea, ruwan kaza, gishiri) an gabatar da su a cikin ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Nitroammofosk, wanda aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara, zai taimaka wajen kunna tafiyar matakai.
A Yuli, ana iya ciyar da shuka tare da phosphorus da potassium ta amfani da hanyar foliar.
A lokacin hunturu, wajibi ne a yi amfani da pear. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da cakuda potassium chloride (tbsp 1. Cokali) da kuma superphosphate na granular (2 tbsp) Spoons), a cikin lita goma.
Daga shekara ta biyar na rayuwar bishiyar, an gabatar da takin mai magani a cikin tsaunukan da aka haƙa musamman a kewaye da kambi. 
Yin rigakafi
Ko da yake wannan iri-iri ne mai matukar damuwa ga kamuwa da cuta da kamuwa da cutar kutsawa, har yanzu yana da muhimmanci a yi ba tare da kulawa da bishiyoyi ba. Aiki akan rigakafin cututtuka a cikin bazara. Wannan yana taimakawa sosai:
- "Drug-30" (bi da biran bayan da dusar ƙanƙara ya narke);
- "Atom";
- "Bean";
- Zolon;
- "Landing";
- "Terradim".
Pruning
Don kula da lafiyar lafiya da 'ya'yan itace mai kyau "Thumbelina" ya kamata a kai su a kai a kai. Lokacin cirewar rassan rassan kuma zai ba ka izinin ƙirƙirar kwarangwal na gangar jikin da zai iya tsayayya da girbi.
Dole ne a yanka kuma a datse pear a lokacin sauran lokutan, makonni 2-3 kafin farkon kakar girma ko a cikin kaka, bayan girbi. A lokaci guda kuma, an yanke wa marasa lafiya da rassan rassan da zazzage su.
Yanke sassan bayan an tsaftace hanya tare da murmushi ko farar farar. 
Kariya akan sanyi da rodents
Pear "Thumbelina" tana da irin wadannan halaye kamar yanayin hunturu. Itacen bishiyoyi sun fi dacewa da magungunan da suka fi zafi tare da sanyi zuwa -38 ºC. Spring frosts bayan narke kuma ba barazana da wannan pear (tolerates -25 ºC).
Amma ko ta yaya yadda itacen yayi haƙuri da sanyi, yana da kyau a rufe shi a cikin fall tare da kayan da zai adana duka rodents da sanyi. Ana amfani da sassan rassan, hawthorn, juniper da rassan fir fir. Kyakkyawan kare kaya na reeds ko sunflower.
Yana da muhimmanci! A karkashin tsari na yanayin yanayi a lokacin da aka yi watsi ba za a yi amfani da shi ba.
Tsuntsaye bishiyoyi kafin zuwan farkon hawan sanyi. A lokaci guda kuma, ƙananan sashi na akwati ma ana kulawa da su, ta hanyar cire dutsen daga wuyansa a ƙasa. Suna kunshe da itace a kusa da gangar jikin, ajiye kayan da ke ƙasa a kasa kuma sannan, suna rufe gefuna tare da gefuna. Idan aka yi amfani da shi, ana sanya shi da buƙatun.
Za a iya amfani da kayan ado ko yin rufi. Amma a lokaci guda akwati an riga an rufe shi da hessian ko wasu abubuwa masu numfashi. 
A cikin yanayin bazara an cire.
Kamar yadda kake gani, don jin dadin kyawawan kaya daga lambun ka ba buƙatar ilimin kwarewa da kwarewa ba. "Thumbelina" yana da kyau sosai cewa a tsawon shekaru zai yi farin ciki da runduna tare da girbi.
