Shuka taba a gida

Taba ba wuya a yi girma ba, sanin wasu asiri. Zai kasance mafi wuya tare da aikin girbi bayan girbi.

Wannan labarin zai tattauna yadda za a yi girma da kuma cigaba da taba a gida.

Irincin taba don namun gida

Ka yi la'akari da shahararrun iri iri na taba don shan taba, wanda abincin ya sauƙi a aiwatarwa a gida:

• "Trapezond" - resistant zuwa cututtuka. Lokacin girma yana takaice - bayan kwanaki 100 bayan dasa, za a iya tattara ganye.
• "Virginia" - tsinkar wuri ne wanda ya tara karfi da wari. Ana la'akari da cutar resistant da kuma jure yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Kwayoyin suna dauke da adadin carbohydrates.
• "Ostrolist" - akwai ƙananan nicotine fiye da sauran nau'in. Lokacin haɓaka - har zuwa kwanaki 120.
• "Jubilee" - amfanin gona ya fara cikin kwanaki 80 bayan da aka cire shi. Tsayayya da cututtuka masu yawa.
• "Samsun" - iri-iri na balaga cikin kimanin kwanaki 110. Yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa - tsire ɗaya zai iya ba da launuka 50.
• "Dubeck" - Wannan iri-iri ne daga Turkiya. Ya dace da namo a cikin yanayin dumi sosai.
• "Kasar taba" - sanyi-resistant. Ana iya girma a ƙasa mai bude ko a loggia ko taga.

Shin kuna sani? Tobacco na iyalin nightshade ne. Danginsa dankali ne da barkono.

Girmawa

Yi la'akari da yadda za a shuka taba a gida. Da farko kana buƙatar germinate da tsaba, girma seedlings da kuma shirya ƙasa.

Shirya shiri

Kasashen waje da ƙasa masu kyau suna dauke da mafi kyawun zabin cigaban taba. Seedlings girma sosai a cikin greenhouse. A ƙasa kafin shuka tsaba tattalin, share daga weeds. Kuma kuma rufe nauyin gina jiki tare da kauri na 10 cm na yashi (4 sassa) da humus (3 sassa).

Seed germination

Ana amfani da tsaba mafi kyau amfani da shi. Sabili da haka, kimanin kwanaki 4 kafin shuka, ya kamata a sa su cikin ruwan dumi a cikin masana'anta. Ana bada shawara don ƙara tartaric acid ko potassium nitrate kuma bar wata rana. Saboda haka, tsaba suna cigaba da sauri, kuma suna kara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Bayan haka, ana wanke tsaba, cire ruwa mai yawa, da kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi don germinate. Yi amfani da kayan amfani, waɗanda ba a bada shawarar su rufe ba. Dole ne a tsabtace zane a lokaci-lokaci. Kusan a ranar 4th, tsaba suna fara farawa. Tabbatar cewa tsire ba ya wuce tsawon nau'in - za su iya karya. Bayan da aka yi amfani da yawancin tsaba, an bushe su zuwa wata ƙasa mai laushi, gauraye da yashi mai kyau ko humus.

Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ba zai yiwu a shuka germinated tsaba nan da nan, to, za su iya adanar 1-2 days a firiji a zafin jiki na + 1-2 ° С.

Shuka tsaba

Tsaba da suka riga sun yi germinated, ana bada shawara don amfani da girma seedlings na taba. Ana iya dasa su a cikin tukwane da kuma sanya windows a cikin ɗakin. Ko shuka su a cikin wani greenhouse.

Wannan hanya ita ce kamar haka:

1. Kafin shuka, wajibi ne don moisten saman Layer ta amfani da lita 1 na ruwa da mita mita.
2. Dole ne a shuka tsaba a fili. Yana da muhimmanci a watsa su a ko'ina - 4 g da 1 square mita.
3. Kashi na gaba, kana buƙatar ɗaukar tsaba a hankali a cikin Layer na gina jiki ta kimanin 3 mm.
4. Sa'an nan kuma wajibi ne don yin watering. Wannan ya kamata a yi a hankali don haka tsaba ba su da zurfi cikin ƙasa.
5. Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse bai wuce 20 ° C.

Shuka seedlings

Tana shuka seedlings, ya kamata ku kula da ita:

• akai-akai seedlings ya kamata a hadu tare da bayani na superphosphate (50 g), potassium gishiri (20 g) da ammonium nitrate (30 g) diluted a lita 10 na ruwa - 2 lita na ruwa ya kamata a yi amfani da 1 square mita;
• Hakanan zaka iya ciyar da lambun tare da karancin kaza wanda ake buƙatar yin diluted tare da ruwa 1: 7;
• ruwa da seedlings ya kamata a kai a kai, kamar yadda kasar gona ta kafe, ta amfani da 4 lita na ruwa da 1 square mita;
• game da kwanaki 7 kafin a shuka, rage yawan watering. Kuma don kwana 3, an dakatar da hydration;
• sako ya kamata a cire a kusa da bushes;
• Kafin dasawa, an bada shawara don shayar da tsire-tsire da yawa - godiya ga wannan zai zama sauƙi don cire shi daga ƙasa.

Kyakkyawan abinci ya kamata a sami matsala wanda ba zai karya ba a lokacin yin gyare-gyare. Bayan kwanaki 45, lokacin da bishiyoyi suka kai 15 cm a tsawo kuma za a sami ganye da yawa a kansu, za a iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa.

Tashi

Yawan zafin jiki na babba na saman duniya (10 cm) don canzawa taba a cikin ƙasa mai kasa ba kasa da +10 ° C.

Tsarin dashi:

1. Dole ne a yi kananan ramuka, adadin nesa tsakanin su kimanin 30 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka - ba kasa da 70 cm ba.
2. A kowane rami ya kamata a zuba kimanin lita 1 na ruwa.
3. Kowace shuka kafin dasawa ana bada shawara don tsoma cikin cakuda yumbu da naman alade.
4. Sa'an nan kuma an dasa tsire-tsire a cikin rami, ta ajiye launi mai laushi wanda suke girma.
5. Bugu da ƙari mun fada barci tare da ƙasa, dan takarar dan kadan.

Kula

Taba baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Amma har yanzu yana da muhimmanci don kula da shi.

Watering

A lokacin kakar girma, ana shan taba akan sau 3, ta amfani da lita lita 6 na daji. Gabatarwa wajibi ne don bayyanar tsire-tsire: rawaya da ɗan gajeren ganye suna nuna cewa suna bukatar a tsaftace su.

Yana da muhimmanci! Ba lallai ba ne don shayar da taba sau da yawa, tun da yake zai iya mutuwa daga wani abu mai laushi.

Top dressing

Bayan kwanaki 7-10 bayan sauka a ƙasa, dole ne a ciyar da taba domin ya iya kara yawan taro. Domin wannan an shawarar yin amfani da urea - 1 tbsp. l a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma shayar da tsire-tsire a tushen. Kuma zaka iya takin kaji na kaza.

Yayin da ake yin taba, ya zama dole don samar da karin kayan aiki uku tare da amfani da takin mai magani tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen, phosphorus, da potassium. A karo na farko da suka takin tsire-tsire a farkon lokacin girbi, ana ciyar da abinci na gaba a kwanaki 15 bayan haka, kuma na uku - 7 kwana bayan na biyu.

A matsayin kayan ado na sama, zaka iya amfani da kwasfa na banana, da abinci, yisti, ammonia, acidic acid, iodine, barkan albasa, kwasfa na dankalin turawa, bawo, tebur.

Pruning

Tashewa na ƙwayoyi yana hada da clipping da pinching.

Upscale - Wannan shi ne kawar da inflorescences. Saboda wannan abinci ba za a kashe a flowering ba, kuma zai ci gaba da ci gaban ganye.

Bayan cire furanni, karin matakai na layi ya fara girma. Dole ne a cire su (pinching).

Cututtuka da kwari

Wannan shuka zai iya ciwo ko cutar ta shafi shi:

• thrips - wadannan kwari suna cin ganye, wanda yake da hatsari ga taba. Don rigakafin bayyanar thrips, dole ne kwanaki 30 kafin dasa shuki, don kula da ƙasa tare da Hexachlorane ƙura. Har ila yau, sau 3 a kowace kakar ya kamata a sarrafa bushes "Rogor" ko "Ƙasawa";
• aphid - ƙwaƙwalwar yatsa ya bayyana akan bushes. Don yin yaki da wannan kwaro ya zama dole "Rogor" ko "Aktellik";
• tushen rot - seedlings su ne mafi yawa marasa lafiya, amma adult bushes kuma za a iya shafa. Ganyayyaki sun bushe da bushe, kuma tushen sun mutu idan cutar ta rabu da ita. Wajibi ne a saka ruwa tare da "Benlat" a farkon bayyanar cututtuka na cutar. Kuma don rigakafin kasar gona ana bi da shi tare da wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi nan da nan bayan dasa kayan taba;
• black leg - babban tushe ne na bakin ciki kuma ya mutu. Haka kuma cutar tana nuna kanta a babban zafi kuma tare da wuce haddi na nitrogen a ƙasa. Don hana seedlings yafa masa da 80% bayani "Zineba";
• foda mai laushi - farar fata yana nuna a cikin ganyayyaki, ganyayyaki suna juya launin ruwan kasa kuma ƙanshi ya ɓace. Colloidal sulfur taimaka tare da wannan cuta;
• mosaic - launi na ganye canje-canje, leafy speck bayyana a kansu. Sa'an nan kuma wuraren da aka shafa sun mutu. Dalilin kamuwa da cuta shine ragowar tsire-tsire waɗanda ba a cire su kafin dasa shuki. Wannan mummunan cututtuka ne wanda ba shi da magani, sabili da haka, ya kamata a lalace da tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cutar kuma a yakamata a kwantar da ƙasa.

Shin kuna sani? A farkon karni na 20, likitoci sun ba da shawarar mata masu ciki don shan taba don kada su sami nauyi.

Girbi

Wajibi ne a girbe daga kasa. Dole ne su kasance cikakke, bushe da rawaya. Suna buƙatar shimfidawa a karkashin rufin rufin 30 cm kuma jira 12 hours. Anyi wannan ne domin ganye ya wilted. Sa'an nan kuma suna buƙatar su shiga cikin igiyoyi kuma sun fita don bushewa a wani wuri inda iska ba ta busawa kuma ba ruwan sama, amma za a sami haske mai yawa. Rashin hasken rana yana taimakawa kawar da danshi daga ganye.

Wannan na iya wuce har zuwa makonni biyu. Bayan haka, ya kamata a yi garkuwa da furen ganyayyaki guda hudu kuma a rataye a kan tashar ƙugiya. Sa'an nan kuma an sanya waɗannan shimfiɗa a kan giciye a cikin ɗakin don ganye ya bushe. A cikin fall, bushe ganye taba dole ne a stacked don santsi duk folds.

Shirin taba don amfani

Ka yi la'akari da yadda za a yi taba taba a gida. Ana gudanar da wannan hanya domin ya ba da ƙanshi ga taba. Don yin wannan, ya kamata a sanya ganye mai bushe a cikin akwati na musamman kuma tada yawan zafin jiki zuwa 50 ° C, da kuma zafi - har zuwa 65%. Saboda haka ganye zai zama kwanaki 3.

Bugu da ari a ko'ina cikin mako, dole ne a kara yawan zafi zuwa 75%, kuma zazzabi ya kasance daidai. Sa'an nan, don kwana 2, za a rage yawan zazzabi, kuma za a hawan zafi zuwa 80%. Kashewa - sanyaya ganye zuwa yanayin zafi, kuma zafi ya zama kusan 15%.

Bayan hanyoyin, ganye suna buƙatar kwanta don kwanaki 30. Sai an yanka su cikin tube na 0.5 mm. Don cika taba da tsawon 8 cm da diamita 8 mm, 1 g na taba ake bukata.

Kamar yadda ka fahimta, girma taba baya wahala. Babban abu shi ne yin sha'awar kuma bi dokoki don kulawa da wannan shuka.