Strawberry Black Prince: bayanin, girma fasali

Fans girma da kansu strawberries tunani da dangantaka da ta kewayon range, ba rasa bayanai game da dukan sababbin samfurori.

Strawberry "Black Prince", kuma yanzu za mu magance bayanin wannan nau'in iri-iri, yana samun karɓuwa a tsakanin mazaunan rani da sauran masu amfani da ƙasa - sabili da haka, muna so mu biya karin hankali ga wannan. A farkon - bitar kalmomi.

Abubuwan:

• Hanyoyi da bambance-bambance daga wasu nau'in
• Saukowa
• Kiwo
• Tsaba
• Usa
• Kula
• Watering
• Top dressing
• Kulawa bayan girbi
• Cututtuka da kwari

Bayani

A karkashin masana "strawberry" sun fahimci shuka bisexual tare da mummunar ƙwayar ƙananan duhu (tare da bayyanar gashi) 'ya'yan itace masu ban sha'awa, wadanda ke tsiro a cikin wuraren shaded da ba su da wata halitta - da wuya "kira" zuwa gandun daji da lambun ganyayyaki saboda rashin ƙarfi da kananan berries.

Abin da ake girma a cikin gidaje da kuma cikin tsare-tsaren gida, ciki har da "Black Prince", shi ne dukkanin lambun iri-iri na lambun, wanda aka ba ku.

Shin kuna sani? Za mu kira wannan "Black Prince" ta hanyar Italiya daga kamfanin New Fruit wanda ya karbi wannan nau'in a Cesena don launin 'yan' ya'yan itace da ke baƙi a cikin inuwa ko nisa.

Babban halayen shuka shine kamar haka:

1. Large, densely leafy bushes tare da talakawan yawan lokacin farin ciki mustaches.
2. Ƙananan matakan koren duhu tare da maɗaukaki mai haske da ƙananan grid na wrinkles.
3. Tsarin ƙasa mai ban mamaki (tushe).
4. Good adaptability zuwa sub-zero yanayin zafi da kuma cutar juriya.
5. Girma (har zuwa 50 g) mai dadi, kayan dadi sosai (ba tare da ɓoye ba).
6. Matsakaicin matsakaici da babba (kimanin 30 ton a kowace hectare tun shekara ta biyu) ya haifar, wanda ya kara girma.

Hanyoyi da bambance-bambance daga wasu nau'in

Bugu da ƙari, mafi yawan siffofi na ido (daidai da bambanci) a cikin nauyin 'ya'yan itace, yana da kyau a nuna, watakila, kamar haka:

• bushes a girma wuce duk sauran irin strawberries;
• a kowace shekara yana kara yawan 'ya'yan itace;
• Gwaninta (har zuwa shekaru bakwai da sama) baza rage yawan amfanin ƙasa da girman 'ya'yan itacen ba, amma rage yawan adadin ƙuƙwalwa;
• da tsawo na madaidaiciya madaidaiciya, a hade tare da tsari mafi girma na cikakke berries, samar da sauƙi na girbi;
• daidaituwa, a girma, berries, gudanarwa su tasowa;
• ƙãra, a cikin ma'anar girma da nisa da kuma tsayar da tsaka-tsakin 'ya'yan itace, transportability.

Ina so in yi magana kawai game da cancantar, amma don inganci ya kamata a ambaci cewa:

• ƙananan nau'in whiskers na ƙayyade girman kayan kayan dasawa;
• "Black Prince" ba ya jure wa fari;
• tsarin tushen shine yaduwar lalacewa a ƙasa mai nauyi - ko da magunguna masu mahimmanci ba zai iya ceton (kuma baya taimaka wajen rayuwa mai kyau);
• Ana iya kai hari ta hanyar mite na strawberry mite, kuma a cikin lokacin kaka zai iya fadawa rashin lafiya tare da tabo.

Saukowa

Yawancin bukatun dasawa kafin haka:

1. Dole ne a bude wurin da rana ta rufe kuma ya rufe daga iska daga arewa.
2. Ba'a yarda da kasancewar ruwan karkashin kasa fiye da 0.6 m daga ƙasa (kuma don tabbatar da tushen rot, ya fi kyau cewa matakin ya ƙasa da ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun).
3. Don karɓan "Black Prince" ba a cikin wurare masu mahimmanci a cikin ƙananan layi da kuma kan gangara (wani ɓangaren ɗan ƙasa ba ya ƙidayar).
4. Gudun gandun daji na ƙasa, hasken loams da yashi loams suna fĩfĩta. Ƙasa mara inganci, peat, silt. Chernozem yana buƙatar kariyar yashi.
5. Daga cikin amfanin gona na baya shine kyawawan hatsi, legumes, karas da albasa. Eggplants, kabeji, dankali, tumatir ba su dace ba. Yana yiwuwa a wadatar da ƙasa tare da ƙwayoyin jiki ta hanyar dasa shuki na farko na yan banga.
6. Dangane da acidity, kasar gona dole ne ta kasance tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa da matsakaicin matakin - gari mai dolomite (0.3 kg ta 1 sq. M) ana amfani dashi don daidaita shi.
7. A lokacin shirya (20-30 days kafin a dasa shuki), an hadu da ƙasa tare da taki mai juyayi (lita 5 da 1 sq. M) ko tare da humus, kuma daga gare ta, lokacin da ke yin digiri, an cire duk wani sharan gona.

Lakin kwanakin zai iya dogara ne akan yanayin yanayin hawan. A cikin yanayin zafi, sun fi son yin haka a farkon fall.

Inda akwai babban rani mai zafi, an dasa shuki a watan Afrilu-Mayu. Layout yana da yawa (sabili da haɓakar karuwa) - 40 x 50 cm.

Ayyukan aiki kamar wannan.:

1. Zuba ramuka tare da ruwa, 0.5 lita kowace.
2. Yada da tushen seedlings.
3. Cigaba da gaske, inda zuciya zai kasance mafi girma (har zuwa 2 cm) ƙasa.
4. Ƙasa mai laushi (a kusa da kowane shuka) da kuma farawa.
5. Straw cike tare da ciyawa da ciyawa bayan shayar ruwa.

Kiwo

Akwai hanyoyi uku na kiwo "Black Prince":

1. Dasa tsaba.
2. Usa.
3. Rarraban daji.

Ka yi la'akari da na farko, tun da yake sun fi kowa.

Tsaba

Ana shuka tsaba da 'ya'yan itace Strawberry, a matsayin mai mulkin, ta hanyar lambu, wadanda suka cancanci kwarewa.

Wannan tsari yana da wuyar gaske, yana buƙatar cikakke da haƙuri. Ya dace wa mazaunin lokacin rani waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙarin tabbatar da fasaha na amfani da ƙasa - hanyar da ta fi dacewa don gina kwarewa a cikin wannan kasuwancin da wuya a bayar.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka yi jinkiri don nazarin jerin masu samar da iri - da sayi iri a jaka daga shahararrun mashahuran, za ka iya yin la'akari da sakamako mai kyau ba tare da damuwa ba.

Idan har yanzu kuna da kwarewa kadan, to yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsaba a cikin wani bayani na "Epin" (yana yiwuwa a kan takalmin auduga - domin saurin gudu).

Amma har yanzu za ka iya, bayan masu rinjaye masu kyau, da sauri dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai shirye-shiryen da aka shirya (daidai da humus leafy, gonar lambu da kogin yashi), wanda aka sanya su, tare da tsawon 5 cm, raƙuman rabi (rabi centimeter). Lokacin da aka shuka tsaba a cikin tsararru, sai a yayyafa su a saman tare da rassan ƙasa mai zurfi.

Kwanan nan mai zuwa 1.5-2 ba zai buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa ba: bayan da ka sanya akwati mai saukowa tare da gilashi a cikin dakin, kana buƙatar yin gyaran ruwan yau da kullum, ta hanyar zuba ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi, da kuma iska, wanda zaka buƙatar tsaftace gilashi har wani lokaci.

Bayan wannan lokacin, tsaba zasu fara tashiwa, kuma kun matsa su kusa da rana.

Abubuwa na matakai biyu na gaba sun haɗa da kasancewa da tsire-tsire a wurare daban-daban, wanda girmansa yake nunawa ta hanyar ganyayyaki:

• tare da zuwan na farko intervals tsakanin tsire-tsire suna sanya ta 2-3 cm;
• tare da foliage na 4-5 kofe, da intervals ƙara zuwa 5 cm.

Yana da muhimmanci! An bada shawara cewa matakan tushen su dan kadan ya fi guntu lokacin da aka fara sanya su. - zai gaggauta saurin ci gaba.

Idan zaɓin da aka bayyana ya zama mawuyaci a gare ku, to, ku sauƙaƙa shi ta hanyar dasa shuki tsaba a cikin peat tablets (akwai cavos na musamman don hakan) - to sai kawai kuyi abin da za ku iya ƙara ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi, tun da allunan da kansu sune tushen abinci mai gina jiki. Mun kusantar da hankalinka ga wani muhimmin al'amari - kafin dasawa da kayan 'ya'yan itace a sararin samaniya, kana buƙatar sa shi dan kadan, "ilmantarwa" a gida, da ajiye shi a kusa da budewar iska tare da Afrilu iska sa'an nan kuma motsa shi a kan baranda, yana cigaba da ƙara hanya lokaci (farawa a cikin kwata kusa da awa daya).

Usa

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, kayan saukowa a cikin gashin gashi a "Black Prince" ba shi da wadata. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kuma don haka ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna samuwa ne kawai a farkon shekaru uku na rayuwar mai shuka.

Amma sauƙin hanya har yanzu yana jan hankalin lambu don amfani.

Akwai jerin irin waɗannan matakai:

1. Komawa kan kanka, sakamakon binciken jarrabawa, kasancewar gashin gashi a kanji tare da kananan yara, za ka iya raba wadanda suka fi nasara a ci gaban su.
2. Ta hanyar haɗa kwasfa zuwa tukwane tare da mahimmanci (filastik ko peat), kuna yin ruwa mai yawa.
3. Bayan makonni biyu bayan haka, lokacin da aka sanya soket ta samo asali, kuma gashin-baki ya cike da kayan da ake bukata, ka yanke sashin, ka katse kayanta, ka dasa shi a wani sabon yanki, da kuma samar da ruwa mai yawa.

A m m girma na strawberries shuka a wannan hanya ba zai kasance dogon a zuwan.

Kula

Zai zama mai girma idan strawberries a cikin gadaje suke girma da kansu, kuma za mu kusanci shi kawai a lokacin ɗaukar berries. Kada ku shiga cikin mafarki - kuna buƙatar ku bi dokoki na kulawa da "Black Prince".

Watering

Kowace rana yana buƙata a shayar da shi a lokacin dasawa da lokacin flowering.

Lokacin da sharuddan 'ya'yan itace ya zo, yanayin zai canza - yanzu ya zama dole a ciyar da ruwa 1-2 na ruwa da mita mita ɗaya na ƙasar kawai, watering bushes sau daya a mako.

Yana da muhimmanci! Wuce kima watering a wannan lokaci zai ƙara wateriness ga berries - za su zama m ga abinci da ajiya.

Hanyoyi masu amfani da ruwa suna amfani da daban (sprinkling, podkorennoy irrigation), amma mafi kyau shine ana kyautata zaton sun saturate ƙasa tare da danshi ta wurin cika dug a tsakanin layuka na grooves. Mafi kyau ma:

• ruwa na 20-digiri zafi (amfani da dacha tank mai tsanani by hasken rana);
• lokacin maraice don hanya ta ban ruwa ta kanta;
• post-ban ruwa loosening na ƙasa sabõda haka, tushen ba su bar ba tare da iska saboda da samuwar wani impermeable ɓawon burodi.
• yin shimfiɗa gadajen - don tsaftace ruwa, to, baza ku sami saurin sassauta ƙasa ba.

Top dressing

Janar dokoki don ciyar da strawberries:

1. Amfanin iri biyu na ciyar - tushen (watering) da foliar (sprinkling da spraying).
2. Rashin chlorine a saman kayan ado.
3. Neat (ba tare da ruwa a kan ci gaban da maki) watering da bushes na rabin sa'a kafin ciyar.
4. Don rassan ganye, lura da ƙananan sassa yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci, ta hanyar abin da ake amfani da kayan gina jiki.

Ta ciyarwar lokaci yana rarraba kamar haka:

1. Early spring (kafin girma kakar) - ammonium nitrate ko urea (har zuwa 20 g / decaliter) a kowace hanya.
2. Ginin buds da farkon flowering shine superphosphate (40 g da sq. M) a cikin hanyar foliar.
3. Fure-tsire-tsire - ma'adinai na ma'adinai ("Agricola", "Berry" bisa ga umarnin).

Ga waɗanda suka ƙi kayan aikin sunadarai, an bada shawarar yin amfani da bayani mai ruwa (1 zuwa 4) wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin rana domin mako daya, wanda aka sake dilta shi kafin a yi amfani da shi a cikin rabo na 1:10, irin wannan launi na tsari (1: 2). ), kullum tace jiko na itace ash (50 g / l) - na karshe kayan aiki maye gurbin potash da phosphate takin mai magani.

Kulawa bayan girbi

Ana tattara "Black Prince" girbi a safiya, bayan ya bushe dew. Cutar tsakanin caji - 3 days.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ka tsaftace bayan ruwan sama, sannan ka samo samfurori da ba za su ci ko ajiye ba.

Amma kula da girbin "'ya'yan sarauta" ba'a iyakance ba. Bugu da ƙari, daidai ne yanzu dole ne a biya bashin hankali ga "Black Prince" don kiyaye dukan shrub kuma ya kafa tushe don girbi mai kyau a kakar wasa mai zuwa.

Ga abinda kake buƙatar yi:

1. Cire ciyawa na baya; to, a hankali don kada wani ganye ya bar, sako ƙasa.
2. Spud da tsire-tsire da wadata ƙasa (buƙatar vermicompost ko humus).
3. Tashi ta cikin hanya.
4. Don gudanar da girbi-girbi (daya da rabi lita na ruwa da daji).

Game da ban ruwa, abu daya ba'a iyakance shi ba ne: la'akari da yanayin (idan hazo ba ta da lokacin farin ciki), wajibi ne don ci gaba da su, yin daya ko biyu a mako-mako, kuma don hana daga cututtuka, ana kuma shayar da gadaje tare da bayani mai karfi na manganese (sau biyu, ba karin).

A matsayin ɓangare na kulawa da tsire-tsire da kansu, wajibi ne don cire launin fata wanda ya bayyana, ba tare da taba launin kore ba - tushen tushen yarinya na gaba. Har ila yau duba cewa tushen tsarin shi ne gaba daya karkashin kasa.

Bayan daukan berries, an yi amfani da karin takin mai tare da hadaddun ma'adanai, amma ba tare da nitrogen ba, kamar yadda yake a lokacin girbe 'ya'yan itatuwa.

Dole ne a kammala kakar ta riga a ƙarshen kaka, tare da rufe kayan gada tare da strawberries tare da kayan ƙanshi (Pine) ko spunbond, don haka zafin wutar da aka hana ta wannan hanya bata yarda da tushen su daskare ba a cikin hunturu.

Shin kuna sani? Strawberry (strawberry) berries a Rasha da zarar sun kira - Polovnitsa, grublyanka, sunitsa, Victoria (na shahararren Faransanci) amma hanya madaidaiciya - lambun lambu.

Cututtuka da kwari

Bugu da ƙari, gawar da aka ambata a madaurin strawberry mite da fari-launin ruwan kasa, wannan nau'in strawberry ne mai saukin kamuwa ga verticillus da mamaye aphid.

Dole ne a yi gwagwarmayar bayyanar kowane mummunan wahalar:

1. Suna adana alamar ta hanyar zalunta shuke-shuke da karbofos (zai iya zama colloidal sulfur), yada 8 grams na abu a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Idan lullun ya kai babban girman, to, an ƙara sashi a kashi 15%.
2. An cire tabo ta hanyar amfani da Antracol ko Ridomyl Gold (sashi, bi da bi, 15 da 25 g da 10 l). Ana iya kauce masa saboda maganin prophylactic (sau 2-3) tare da ruwa Bordeaux.
3. Ana kula da kwayar cutar kawai a cikin yanayin da ba shi da iyaka, 0.2% "Fundazol" (10 g da 10 l) ana amfani dasu, a wasu lokuta, an lalata tsire-tsire masu ciwo. Rigakafin yana kunshe da tsayar da tushen tsarin tare da "Agat 25K" ko "HUMATE HASUMI" (7 da 15 g da 10 l) kafin haɗuwa.

A ƙarshe, na yi layi, yayin da bai isa ba, suna dauke da shi kawai.

Idan mamayewa ya kasance mai ƙarfi, to, sai a yi ta da lakabi tare da ɗaya daga cikin abubuwa biyu na bayani:

• tafarnuwa - per dal na ruwa 0.2 l na tafarnuwa ruwan 'ya'yan itace, guda albasa da 0.15 l - dandelion;
• sabulu 6% m - 60 g / l.

Wani matsala dangane da noma na "Black Prince" yana nan. Amma abin farin ciki mai kyau sai sakamakon! Saboda haka, kada ka kasance m - samun cike mai dadi da kwanciyar hankali, kuma idan kana da haɗarin shiga kasuwa, za ka sami riba mai yawa.