Wani mashahurin bako daga yammacin Afirka tare da sunan mai suna Knifofiya zai iya zama ainihin ado na lambun ku. Wani fure mai ban mamaki yana kallo da kyau da tsire-tsire a cikin lawn, kuma a cikin tsirrai da wasu furanni a flowerbeds. Zai iya zama abin ado na gona ko tafkin bakin teku na tafki.
Janar bayanin launuka da hotuna
Knifofia (kniphofia) wani abu ne mai kyau, wanda shine ainihin jinsin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na Asfodelova (Asphodelaceae) iyali na Xanthorrea (Xanthorrhoeaceae). Wannan wani abu ne mai banƙyama tare da ƙwayoyi masu launin launin toka mai launin toka, waɗanda suke samar da launi mai tsayi. Knifofiya yana da kyau a flowerbeds, har ma ba tare da gaban flower stalks. A cikin lokacin Yuli-Satumba, wani tsayi mai tsayi, daga cikin tsakiyar kwasfa, wanda a ƙarshensa akwai babban peduncle. 
Tsuntsar ƙwayar kwayar halitta tana tattare ne a cikin sultanoid ko spiciform inflorescence. Kwayoyin da ke kan bishirar sunyi hankali a hankali, kuma, dangane da nau'i da nau'i na kyphonia, flowering fara ko dai daga babba na sama, ko daga ƙananan ƙananan. Idan muka yi la'akari da kowane furen daban, to, a cikin tsari yana kama da kararrawa. Wani abu mai ban mamaki na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta shine ikon canza launi: launin asali na toho ne mai ja, wanda, yayin da furen ya yi fure, ya canza zuwa orange sannan kuma ya zama mai yalwa da ruwan lemun tsami.
Shin kuna sani? Knifofiya tana ɗauke da suna daga karni na XVIII, kuma an ambaci sunansa ga likitan likitan Jamus, dan jarida, magajin jami'ar a Erfurt, Johann Jeron Kniphof. Ya na musamman a cikin tsire-tsire iri kuma shi ne na farko da ya bayyana wannan furen.
Iri da iri
Wannan jinsin ya hada da nau'o'i 75 na knofofiya, yawancin abin da aka samo su ne kawai a yanayin yanayin zafi na Afirka. Wadannan iri suna horar da su a tsakiyar hanya:
Knifofiya berry shine babban rukuni. Kwayoyin furen wannan rukuni sun kai mita fiye da mita biyu, kuma girman nau'in inflorescences shine 25 cm Wannan jinsin ya kasance a cikin noma a farkon karni na XIX, wadannan iri suna da shahararrun:
- yar littafin ɗan littafin "Berry";
- ɗan littafin ɗan littafin "Berry" Eskimo ";
- Macowan mai amfani da shi;
- "Dr. Kerr Lemon".
Bambanci a cikin iri yana dogara ne akan launuka masu yawa na inflorescences.
Yana da muhimmanci! Wannan shuka za a iya samu tare da irin waɗannan sunaye kamar jariri, kniphofiya, butnokeptrum.
Hybrids knifofiya - bambance-bambance daban-daban na shahararrun, bred artificially, bisa ga bishiya. Wadannan iri daga wannan rukuni sune mahimmanci:
- Cobra;
- Rocket;
- "Cardinal";
- Atlanta.
Shin kuna sani? Mafi girman nau'i na ni'ima - wannan littafin ɗan littafin Thompson ne, tsirrai masu tsire-tsire suna girma har zuwa mita uku.
Knukofiya Tukka takaice ne, tsayinsa bai wuce 80 cm ba, girman girman jikin ya kamu da 15 cm. Tukka shine mafi kyawun samfuri mai sanyi, wanda zai iya canzawa cikin canjin yanayi. Za a iya girma a kan windowsill. Mafi yawan iri na wannan rukuni shine:
- "Alcazar";
- "Celiano";
- "Fleming Torch".
Shuka da shuka kulawa
Tun da furanni masu zafi kamar Afrika kuma basu da yawa Madagascar shine wurin haifar da furen kapfofiya, wannan dole ne a la'akari da lokacin dasa shuki a fannoni. 
Zaɓi wuri
Don ƙawancin Afirka, rana da hasken rana a duk rana shine muhimmiyar mahimmanci don bunkasa al'ada. A kan shaded wurare, lullun littattafan ya rasa cikakken launi, kuma girma ya ragu. Ba sa son zane. Yana girma cikin talauci kuma ba ya jure wa danshi mai laushi.
Ƙasa
Wannan al'ada za ta dace da ƙasa mai yashi wanda aka hadu sosai kuma ya sassauta. Girman fossa ya dogara da inji kanta - yadda girman yake. A žasa na rami dole ne yada layin malalewa, to, ku yi ƙasa mai kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da gonaki don saka launi na nau'o'i daban-daban kusa da landing na ɗan littafin ɗan littafin ko cike su da wani abu mai launin duhu. Wadannan hanyoyin zasu haifar da gaskiyar cewa kasar gona za ta dumi da kyau.
Watering
Knifofiya - fari-resistant-perennial, wadda ba ta buƙatar m watering. Knifofiya yana da haɗari sosai, saboda haka ya fi kyau shuka shi a wuraren da aka taso ko yankunan da ke da kyau.
Top dressing
A cikin idon ruwa, da zarar farkon ganye ya bayyana, an yi amfani da perennial tare da takin mai magani. Bayan wani lokaci, zaka iya yin taki taki a yanayin humus, takin, peat.
Lokacin da flowering ya cika, ana amfani da ɗan littafin ne tare da takin mai magani, wanda ya haɗa da potassium ko ash, don haka zai sami karin kayan abincin da zai fi kyau.
Kuna iya sha'awar irin kayan lambu da hatsi don flowerbeds: fescue, makiyaya foxtail, miscanthus, fizostegiya, turfy makiyaya.
Kula
Zaɓin wurin wurin ɗan littafin ɗan littafin, dasawa da kulawa a gaba a filin bude, dole ne ku bi wasu dokoki. Daidai dacewa, aikace-aikacen lokaci na takin gargajiya da taki, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire - waɗannan su ne abubuwa uku da suka shafi cigaban al'adu, da furanni.
Ana yin tsabta a cikin bazara, nan da nan bayan an cire tsari (idan shuka ya ɓoye a cikin ƙasa). Cire jinsin frostbitten, rawaya na daji. Bayan sunadaran ottstetet, an cire magungunta a karkashin tushen. Ba sa hankalta don tattara tsaba daga tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin latitudes, saboda su matasan ne kuma basu gadon halaye na mahaifa.
Wintering
A kowane ɓangare na tudu, ana gudanar da huntfofiya a hanyoyi daban-daban. A yankunan kudancin gandun daji a filin bude, amma dole ne a rufe shi don hunturu. A cikin lokacin kaka, itatuwan sunadaran suna da alaka da ƙin shayarwa daga shiga cikin tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, an yayyafa shi da bishiyoyi ko an rufe shi da bishiyoyin spruce, kuma ana iya warke fim din. Lokacin yin amfani da fim dole ne ya samar da ramukan iska; Zaka iya sauƙaƙe danna fim zuwa ƙasa, yana barin raguwa. Tare da wannan murfin, tsire-tsire yana jure sanyi tare da alamomi har zuwa -15 ° C.
A gefen arewa, littafi don hunturu a cikin ƙasa bude ba'a bar shi: dole ne a fitar da shi, a sanya shi a cikin akwati tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki da kuma tsabtaccen tafarki mai laushi. Ƙunƙarar suna cikin ɗakuna da yawan zafin jiki ba wucewa + 8 ° C ba.
Sauya al'adun
Knifofiya yana karuwa kamar yadda yake girma daga tsaba, da kuma vegetatively. Hanyar farko ita ce mafi wahala kuma maras sani, tun a cikin latitudes ɗinmu akwai isasshen kwanakin haske don samun cikakke tsaba, sabili da haka hanya ta biyu ta fi kowa.
Tsaba
Don amfanin gona mai cin gashin kanta, ana amfani da tsaba kawai. A rabi na biyu na Maris, an shuka su a cikin ruwan magani (kowanne, kawai isa cewa yana da kyau mai laushi, mai laushi ne da gina jiki). Don ƙara yawan germination, akwati da albarkatu an rufe shi da fim kuma ya bar a cikin wannan matsayi na 2-3 makonni. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, dole ne a yada kayan lambu mai sauƙi kuma kasar gona za ta tsaftace shi.
Kwayoyin da ke fitowa daga hankali sukan kara karfi a dakin da zazzabi, kuma idan an kafa ganye guda biyu, tsire-tsire suna swoop a cikin kwantena. A cikin watan Yuli, tsakaren da aka dasa a wani wuri da aka nufa masa. Girma ta wannan hanya, furen furanni a shekara ta uku.
Raba daji
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don sake haifar da wannan al'ada. Wani tsofaffi daji a shekarun shekaru uku yana haifar da ɗakunan mata, wanda aka yi amfani dasu don kiwo. A farkon watan Mayu, rabuwa da ɗakin 'yan mata daga babban daji tare da wuka mai maƙarƙashiya. An bushe shi da kuma ƙone tare da gawayi. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kadan, an dasa kwasfa a cikin rijiyoyin da aka riga aka shirya, cike da cakuda mai gina jiki. Kwanni na farko, har sai injin yana da tushe, an shayar da shi sosai, kuma yayin da ya tasowa - sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a mako. Haka ma ma kyawawa don ƙirƙirar na wucin gadi shading ga seedling. Knifofiya ta haɓaka ta rarraba daji, suna ta da shekaru mai zuwa.
Tashi
Knifofiya itace tsire-tsire ne, saboda haka kar a sauya shi daga wuri zuwa wuri. Wannan aikin zai zama barata ne kawai idan ka lura cewa a wannan wuri an shuka shuka.
Cututtuka da kwari
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mai shuka ba shi da lafiya sosai. Tare da shan kashi na cin ganyayyaki da tsire-tsire (aphid, thrips, gizo-gizo mite) ana bi da shi tare da kwari.
Tare da yawan ruwa ko miki mai laushi, ɗayan ɗan littafin zai iya zama kamuwa da cutar kamar lalacewa. Don magance wannan annoba, wajibi ne a bi da tushen tare da fungicide. Idan bayan aikin da aka yi ba akwai ingantaccen bayyane, ya kamata ka cire lambun daga cikin flowerbed, don haka kada ka harba wasu tsire-tsire.
Haɗuwa da wasu tsire-tsire
A lokacin da aka samar da kayan kirkiro ta amfani da flower knofofiya, dole ne a la'akari da yanayin kula da shuka, tsawon watering, tsire-tsire, tsayi da tsawon lokacin flowering. Mafi maƙwabta da ke kusa da kyawawan Afirka shine:
Har ila yau, don kayan ado na gadon filawa, tsire-tsire masu tsayi za su dace: sha'ir sha'ir, podophyll, ripsalis, stephanandra, hymenocallis, santolina, tar
- irises;
- Sage;
- gypsophila;
- lupine;
- Eremurus;
- dahlia;
- kayan ado na ado;
- salvia
Wannan al'adar ba ta da bukatar kulawa, don amfanin gonar da ke kan shafin ba dole ba ne ya ciyar da lokaci mai tsawo, kuma yana da duk ka'idoji don kulawa da shuka - ƙananan furanni masu haske za su canza lambun ka, sa shi ta musamman.
