Catalpa - itace ko shrub, wanda mutane da yawa suna so su sha'awa. Ya zo ne daga Arewacin Amirka, inda ya kai mita 10-12 a tsawo. Ba da kyau ba. Catalpa ya dace ya dace da yanayin yankin Moscow. Nada dasa da kula da ita a cikin wannan yankin yana da halaye na kansu.
Sanarwar da ke da mashawarcin mai zafi
Mafi yawancin nau'o'in suna da ƙwayar zuciya-sassauki mai haske mai ganye. Sun isa diamita 25 cm.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin inflorescence na catalpa, akwai har zuwa 50 furanni.'Ya'yan itace itace akwati-tsalle da tsawon har zuwa 55 cm.Za su iya jurewa a wasu yankuna a kan bishiya duk lokacin hunturu. Fure-fure ne manyan kyawawan kayan ado na launin fari ko launi mai laushi tare da m wariyar apple. A cikin siffar, sun yi kama da chestnut inflorescence.
Kambi na itace yana da yawa kuma mai fadi, haushi a jikin jikin yana da kyau-fibrous, wanda yana da lahani don ƙuƙulewa. Girma da yawa daga cikin launin zuciya, kyakkyawan kullun ya ba Maya Indiya wahayi don kiran shi "itace na farin ciki".Ciyawa a ƙarƙashin itacen ba ya girma, wurin da ba a san shi ba, kamar kamala, ya ba da dalilin kira catalpa "itace na sama."
Shin kuna sani? A cewar daya daga cikin labarun, Indiyawa suna kiran itacen ne "Tree of Elephants and Bekeys", tun a cikin itace daya kunnuwan giwaye da wutsiyoyi na birai gauraye da ganyayyaki da kwari na catalps. Wadannan dogon lokaci sun ba da dalili don kiran wannan itace "macaroni".
Winter-hardy iri
A cikin tsakiyar Rasha, al'ada, bignonemic, hybrid, spherical catalpa iya girma. A cikin yankin Moscow, yawancin jinsin sanyi, irin su nauyin kyan gani, mai kyau, wanda ba shi da alamar fure-fure na catalpa mai mamaye na Nana, ya kasance tushen.
Mafi sanyi-resistant daga gare su - kyau catalpa. Zai iya jure yanayin zafi kamar low -40 ° C. A wasu wuraren shakatawa akwai bishiyoyi fiye da shekaru 50. A cikin shekarun 1930 zuwa 1950, mai sanannun masanin lambun NK Vehov, mai shuka mai kyan gani na catalpa, ya ci gaba sosai. 
Don Moscow ya wajaba don kusantar da hankali irin nau'o'in rasberi, strawberry, rosehip, ceri plum, apricot, clematis, tumatir, eggplants, barkono, karas, ceri, inabi, itatuwan apple, pears.Kyakkyawan catalpa blooms kusa da karshen Yuni. Fure-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire suna da karami, amma inflorescences suna da girma kamar sauran dangi. Bar - ƙarin hasken haske na kore. Kwayoyin da ke cikin hunturu ba su jure yanayin zafi da fari ba - ƙananan bishiyoyi masu sauri sun bushe.
Bignonia catalpa a unguwannin bayan gari sukan kai mita 4 kawai. Amma idan kun shuka tsaba da seedlings a cikin wannan yanki, kuyi dacewa da fure, tsari, abinci, sa'annan itacen zai dadi kowane mutum da kyau da girmansa.
Yi amfani da kayan kirki
Zai iya zama abin ado ga kowane kayan lambu. Dangane da ɗan gajeren catalpa a wannan yanki, an yi amfani da ita a matsayin itace dabam. Sau da yawa, catalpa ya zama wani ɓangare na abun da ke ciki, haɗe da magolias da bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi.
Sau da yawa an tsara su ta hanyar hanyoyi, suna ƙarfafa ƙasa a kan bankunan koguna da tafkuna, kananan ƙwayoyin ruwa.
Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen
Catalpa za a iya dasa a matsayin tsaba, cuttings, layering. Lokacin zabar seedlings don kulawa, da farko, a kan hunturu hardiness na shuka. Ya dogara ne akan yanayin da aka yi girma. Tsire-tsire suna girma a cikin wannan yankin a matsayin filin saukarwa a cikin ƙasa, wanda ya fi dacewa.
Matsalar ba wai kawai a yanayin zafi kadan a cikin hunturu ba, amma har ma a cikin rani maraice. Idan iyakokin zazzabi da wasu alamomi sun bambanta, to, seedling yana da wuya a daidaita da sabon zamani. Sau da yawa, daidaitawa ya ƙare a mutuwa, tun da bukatun tsarin ci gaba na shuka ba su dace da yanayin da ake bukata ba.
Don ƙaddamarwa, sauƙi mai shekaru 1-2 tare da tsarin tushen tushen fadi mai kyau ya fi dacewa. Sun fi dacewa tare da clod na ƙasa a kan ƙasa mai kyau, tare da tsarin tsabtace tsabta.
Zaɓin wuri: ƙasa da hasken wuta
Don haka itacen bai bada karuwa mai yawa a cikin zamani na vegetative ba, kasar gona dole ne ta kasance matalauta, tare da acidity pH7. Juye da sauri da kuma girma girma daga cikin itace ne batun more frosting saboda gaskiyar cewa bai da lokaci zuwa woody.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi wuri mai kyau don saukowa. Haske mai haske da zafi mai kyan gani ya fi dacewa da rana, an rufe shi daga iskar iska.
Yana da muhimmanci! Catalpa seedlings suna matukar jin tsoro na zayyanawa.
Shirin mataki-mataki na dasa shuki seedlings
Catalpa seedlings za a iya dasa a spring ko kaka a cikin ƙasa kusa da tsaka tsaki. An dasa shi a cikin bazara wanda ba zai iya yin sanyi ba. Don irin wannan bishiyoyi, itacen rami ya kamata a shirya shi mako guda kafin dasa shuki. Ana neman digirin 0.8-1.2 m da zurfi, la'akari da siffar fibrous da girman tushen. 
A dasa shuki ƙasa don catalpa kana buƙatar ƙara humus, sassa biyu na ƙasa mai laushi, wani ɓangare na peat da sassa biyu na yashi. Idan ya cancanta, zaka iya ƙara ƙasa mai kyau na ƙasa, kilogiram na 5-7 na itace ash da takin mai magani ma'adinai, irin su phosphate, don dasa ƙasa.
Ramin ya zubar ruwa. Zuba jigon iri bayan dasa shuki, bayan da ya zana peat a rami.
Bar tare da fasaha
Girman catalpa a yankin Moscow yana hade da kariya daga iska da sanyi, ban ruwa da kwaro da kuma kula da sako. Girman catalpa a yammacin kasar Moscow yana buƙatar yanke itace.
Bayan dasa shuki, sapling ke tsiro da sannu a hankali, aiki mai cin ganyayyaki a catalp a wannan yanki an jinkirta - sun tsaya ba tare da ganye har sai May, sun fara farawa a shekara ta 5-7th. A lokacin da pruning daskararre harbe, wanda ya kamata ba ji tsoro na damuwa da samuwar da kambi - shi recovers da kyau da sauri bayan pruning.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da zafi a lokacin da aka cire a lokaci don kada ya hana cirewar danshi daga ƙasa.
Watering
Watering seedlings ya zama na yau da kullum - sau ɗaya a mako 1-2 buckets. Watering wani itacen girma ya kamata ya fi yawan gaske, yana zuba har zuwa lita 18 a lokaci guda. Watering ya zama mahimmanci - sau ɗaya a mako. A lokaci guda kuma wajibi ne don hana gumi mai dadi, waterlogging. A lokacin hadari, ruwa lokacin da ake bukata.
Top dressing
Catalpa seedlings bukatar ba za a ciyar da nan da nan bayan dasa. Bayan shekara guda ko biyu, a farkon kakar girma, ya isa ya ciyar da su da slurry ko tare da taki a rabon 1 l: 20 l na ruwa, pouring out 1 guga na wannan bayani a karkashin seedling.
Dole ne a ciyar da itacen girma akan sau 2-3 a lokacin girma. A farkon da kuma a rabi na biyu na girma girma ya zama dole don takin itacen da lita 5-6 na slurry a cikin ruwa da ruwa 1:10 lita na ruwa. Ma'adinai da takin mai magani ana amfani da su sau ɗaya a lokacin flowering lokacin bayan watering.
Ƙwarewa da kafa kambi
Pruning kambi wani muhimmin ɓangare na kulawar catalpa. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana yin gyaran gaba don kafawar kambi, da kuma kawar da itacen bishiyoyi masu rassan da kuma rassan a farkon kakar girma.Ana gudanar da tsararren likita a duk rassan a cikin fall da lokacin sauran lokacin shuka. Bayan irin wannan pruning, wasu rassan za su iya janyewa. A wannan yanayin, an ƙara ɗayan su a kan koda mai rai na karshe. Yi shi a cikin bazara. A ƙarshen bazara da farkon lokacin rani, masu zanen kaya suna yin ado.
Tsari don hunturu
Ƙungiyar mai zafi mai zafi tana iya sha wahala a yanayin hawan gine-gine na yankin Moscow.
Yana da muhimmanci! Young seedlings bukatar tsari daga frosting!Don tsari, tsintsinsu a cikin fall kafin sanyi an saka shi a rassan spruce ko kullun, kuma a kusa da gangar jikin an rufe shi da ganye. A lokacin bazara, wajibi ne don cire rufin lokaci a lokacin da sassauta ƙasa don kaucewa bayyanar naman gwari a ciki.
Lokacin da kuma yadda za a yi Bloom
Catalpa blooms na 3-4 makonni daga tsakiyar Yuni. A wannan lokacin, ana rufe shi da yawancin ƙididdigan ƙwayoyin cuta, da yawa a cikin girman ƙwayoyin katako, amma suna kama da shi sosai. Fure-tsalle da tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle da launin rawaya da rawaya a tsakiyar, tare da labaran gefe yana da dadi mai kyau.
Yadda za a magance cututtuka da kwari
Catalpa ba mai saukin kamuwa da kwari ba.
A lokuta na shan kashi Spanish fly Ya kamata a bi da itacen sau biyu tare da Decis, Kinmiks ko Karbofos.
A cikin kwatsam waɗanda ba a buga ba, sai tsutsotsi na Dabba zai fara. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a bi da kwari marasa kwari tare da kwari.
Naman gwari na gwargwadon rahoto Verticillus zai iya haifar da bushewa da mutuwar shuka, taso saboda rashin talauci mara kyau na kasar gona da yawancin ƙananan. Tsarin ƙasa da tsaftace jiki da tsabtace ruwan inganci shine babban mahimmanci yana nufin bayyanar fungi a cikin ƙasa da catalpa tare da su.
Duk da tsayayyar bishiyar a cikin yanayin hawan gine-gine na yankin Moscow, catalpa zai zama abin ado ga duk wani abun da ke ciki, ci gaba da idanu akan furanninta, kambi mai laushi zai rufe rana, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu banƙyama za su kai cikin duniya na wasan kwaikwayo.
