Peonies - kyawawan furanni masu kyau na jinsin herbaceous perennials. Su masu ƙarancin lambu da mai sayad da furanni suna son su saboda furanni, furanni mai haske, tsawon furanni. Tsire-tsire suna da iri iri - fiye da dubu biyar. Ɗaya daga cikinsu - wanda ake kiran "Sarah Bernard" ne za a tattauna a wannan labarin.
Peony labarin
Wannan kyakkyawar nau'in samfurori yana da tarihin asali. An samo shi daga masanin shahararren dan kasar Faransa Pierre Louis Victor Lemoine. Wannan shi ne babban kayan aiki na wannan sana'a - yawancin nau'o'in peonies da lilacs - a yau sune kyan gani na fasaha mai faɗi.
Mafi yawancin nau'o'in peonies sune iri-iri, irin bishiyoyi da nau'i-nau'i. Bugu da ƙari, peony magani yana da kyau ga magungunan magani.
Me yasa a shekara ta 1906 Pierre Lemoine ya kirkiro sabon nau'in nau'in bred bayan sunan sunan dan kasarsa mai suna Sarah Bernard, wanda zai iya sani kawai. Yawanci, shi, kamar sauran Faransanci masu fasaha, ya halarci wasanni inda wani dan wasa mai ban sha'awa ya taka, kuma wasansa da kyau ya buga shi. Saboda haka, ina so in ba ta suna zuwa daya daga cikin mafi kyau iri, bred da shi da kaina. 
Kamar Saratu mai ban sha'awa, peony, mai suna bayanta, ko da yaushe yana jan hankali, koda kuwa yana cikin kamfanonin furanni, kuma yana da misali na fasaha. Don kayan halayensa, an ba da kyautar lambar yabo ta Ingilishi na lambun Aljannah ta Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). Kuma a yau, pion iri-iri "Sarah Bernard" flower growers da shayarwa daraja a cikin mafi kyau ruwan hoda iri.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin al'adun Sin, an fara amfani da pion a lokacin mulkin daular Qin da na Han (kimanin 200 BC). Duk da haka, ba zai iya bunkasa kowa ba, amma kawai 'yan kasar Sin masu arziki. An haramta wa talakawa kyauta..
Bayanan Botanical
Samun sanarwa da peony "Sarah Bernard" ya fara da bayanin irin nau'in. Ya marigayi balaga - Furewa suna bayyana a lokacin da yawancin iri sun riga sun shude. Tsuntsaye "Sarah Bernard" yana da yawa. Furen suna girma, tare da diamita na 20 cm, guda.
Ajiye tsawon lokaci (har zuwa mita a tsawo) mai karfi mai tushe don dakatarwa. Petals a furanni shima-biyu da terry. Babban halayyar launi na iri-iri shine ruwan hoda mai haske tare da iyakar azurfa. A yau, kuma sun nuna kofe na farin, ja, cream, launin launi. Lokacin tsawon flowering peony yana kusa da wata daya da rabi. 
Kamanin wannan nau'in shine wannan ba ya juya launin rawaya, kuma kasancewa kyakkyawa a cikin lokacin rani, zuwa ga fall of crimson. Sun kasance kamar furanni, babban, rarraba, budewa. A launi - duhu kore. Tsire-tsire yana jure yanayin hunturu. Don ta'aziyya da rayuwa, zai zama wajibi ne don yanke ganye a cikin fall.
A cikin zane-zane, Sarah Bernard ana amfani da su a ridges da mixborders. Ana shuka su ne kadai da kungiyoyi. Yi amfani da shi a karkashin yanke kuma a cikin kayan kirki.
Inda zan dasa peony
Ana bambanta Peony da sauki. An ce cewa zai iya girma ba tare da matsaloli ba kuma kulawa na musamman ga shekaru 30, kuma wasu daruruwan mutane har zuwa 80. Amma don inganta girman kayan ado na peony, yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye wasu bukatu kuma ya gamsar da abubuwan da ake son shuka a lokacin dasa da kulawa.
Da kyau kalli kyawawan launi. Zaka kuma iya ƙirƙirar gonar lambu mai ci gaba: a spring wani daji na peonies za a yi ado tare da galantuses, irises, crocuses; a lokacin rani - astilbe, lily, pelargonium, godecia, zinnia, petunias, kuma a ƙarshen kaka za su maye gurbinsu phloxes, asters, chrysanthemums.
Haske da wuri
Peony - shuka ne Yana son hasken. Sabili da haka, don saukowa ya kamata ya zaɓi wuri mai haske inda haske inuwa zai iya fada ne kawai a tsakar rana. Idan ka dasa shuki a cikin inuwa, zai karyata ka da sha'awar furen furanni - ba zai bari su fita ba. 
Nau'in shinge
Mafi kyaun ƙasa don dasa zai kasance low acid loam. Idan yumbu ya ƙaddara a cikin ƙasa da kake shirya shuka shuka Sarah Bernard peony, to dole ne a kara yashi. A game da yawancin yashi kana buƙatar yin yumbu.
Ƙasa tare da babban matakin pH kafin dasa shuki shuki ya kamata ya zama katako don cimma daidaituwa mafi kyau (300-350 g / 1 sq. M). Rashin ruwa, ruwa mai laushi, ƙasa mai ruwa, da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin ƙasa sune taboos don dasa bishiyoyi.
Shin kuna sani? A Girka, sun yi imanin cewa peony zai iya taimakawa tare da cututtuka 20, don haka dole ne a girma a cikin ɗakunan duk gidajen ibada. Har zuwa farkon karni na 19, ana amfani da wannan shuka ne kawai a matsayin magani kuma a matsayin kayan ado don abinci.
Tsayar da ka'idodi da tsabta
Peony mafi sau da yawa yadawa yankan, rarraba daji da layering. Mafi sauki da kuma tasiri - rabuwa daji, wanda ya kamata a yi a watan Agusta da Satumba.
Don yaduwar pion ta wannan hanyar, dole ne a yi wajiyar daji. Sa'an nan kuma yanke a nesa na 10 cm daga tushen. A wanke tushen sosai a karkashin ruwa mai gudana da wuri a wuri mai duhu don bushewa da germination.
Don saukowa kana buƙatar zaɓar delenka, wanda ke da biyu ko uku buds kuma tushen har zuwa 10-15 cm tsawo. Kafin a sanya a cikin ƙasa, zai buƙaci disinfection. Na farko kana buƙatar sanya shi cikin rabin sa'a a cikin akwati tare da tafarnuwa bayani ko wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.
Bayan haka, za'a sanya raga na tsawon sa'o'i 12 a cikin wani bayani na "Heteroauxin" (1 kwamfutar hannu / 10 l na ruwa). Bayan cire kayan dasa daga bayani, ya kamata a bushe da kyau, kuma sassan ya kamata a rufe shi da gawayi. Kuma kawai bayan haka zaka iya tafiya kai tsaye zuwa saukowa.
A kasan rami mai saukowa don sanya yashi. An ba shi mai zurfi a ciki har zuwa nesa daga buds zuwa kasa ba fiye da biyar centimeters (biyu ko uku yatsunsu), mai zurfi ko raunin rashin ƙarfi yana iya zama dalili cewa shuka bata yarda da furanni ba.
Shuka kayan da aka yayyafa da ƙasa da kuma shayar da ruwa. Domin ingancin ya samu nasara ya shafe, dole ne a cike shi da wani ma'auni na 5-7 cm na peat. A cikin idon ruwa, lokacin da tsutsaran rawaya ya bayyana kuma yayi girma kadan, ana iya cire ciyawa. Tun da peony bushes ayan yada yadu, da nisa tsakanin ramukan saukowa dole ne akalla mita daya.
Lokacin da aka canza zuwa wuri mai dindindin, an shirya rami mai siffar sukari 60 x 60 x 60 cm fiye da rabi shi cike da cakuda ƙasa, wadda aka shirya daga peat, ƙasa, yashi, humus. Dukkanin an dauki su a daidai daidai.
An hadu da rami tare da cin nama (0.5 kg), superphosphate biyu (0.4 kg), iron sulphate (daya cakuda), itace ash (1 l), potash (daya teaspoon). Kullin ɓangaren ramin yana rufe ƙasa da gona. Saukowa dan kadan da aka kwatanta kuma an shayar da shi sosai.
Farkon furanni bayan dasawa ya kamata a sa ran shekaru biyu bayan haka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Saukowa da kuma transplanting peony ya kamata a yi kawai a cikin kaka.
Hanyar kula da iri-iri
Peonies ba kusan kulawa ba. Ayyukan da ake buƙata suyi tare da su suna shayar da su, shayarwa, sassauta ƙasa, taki, yankan hunturu.
Tun da magungunan "Sary Bernard" suna da karfi, ba su fada ba, suna da alamarsu. Saboda haka, sabanin sauran nau'o'in, garter da goyon baya ba sa bukatar.
Yadda za a ruwa
Ba a buƙatar yin amfani da pion da yawa ba. A lokacin lokutan da ake yatsa buds, ci gaba mai girma ya auku, kuma zai isa ga shuka don karɓar ruwa sau ɗaya a mako a lokacin flowering. Sauran lokacin da zaka iya yin ruwa sau da yawa.
Watering ya kamata m - buckets uku ko hudu a kan wani daji. Zai zama mai kyau a ruwa a maraice don ruwan ruwa bazai haifar da konewa a kan ganyayyaki ba. Bayan ban ruwa ya kamata a sassauta. 
Yadda za a takin
Idan an shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa mai kyau daidai da duk shawarwarin, to, a farkon shekara, da kuma shekaru masu zuwa, bazai buƙatar takin mai magani ba.
A nan gaba, peonies zasu bukaci takin sau uku a shekara: a spring, rani da kaka. A cikin tsakiyar watan Yuni, ƙananan za su buƙaci a hadu da wani bayani na mullein ko tsuntsu droppings (3 lita da daji).
A farkon kaka, superphosphate zai buƙaci a yi amfani da shi a ƙasa (daya cakuda da guga na kare ruwa). Ɗaya daji zai buƙaci guga guda. A lokacin bazara, kasar gona ya kamata a cike da ma'aunin digiri na centimeter na peat ko wasu kayan da aka gina da kuma amfani da itace.
Ayyukan kulawa za a buƙaci. kula da sako na yau da kullum, kau da flowering inflorescences da pruning na mai tushe da ganye ga hunturu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a dauki kula don cire kullun gonar furanni, in ba haka ba, ya kasance a kanji, za su iya haifar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal..A ƙarshen kaka, ganye da mai tushe dole ne a yanke, barin tsutsa mai tsayi 10-15 cm. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba sa bukatar tsari.
Yadda za a magance matsaloli
Daga cikin matsalolin da masu shayarwa zasu iya kamawa su ne cututtuka da rashin flowering. Babban dalilai, a matsayin mai mulkin, karya cikin rashin kulawa ko rashin saukowa. Bari mu ga abin da waɗannan matsalolin zasu iya dangantaka da su.
Cututtuka na halayen peonies su ne tsatsa, m, mosaic m.
Yaduwar cutar ta farko ta taimakawa saukowa, tare da ruwan sama. Gishiri mai laushi yawanci yakan kai wa matasa samfurori lokacin da suka shiga cikin ci gaba. Yana rinjayar ganye, mai tushe da furanni unblown. Na farko, wani launin toka mai launin toka yana kafa a tushe na tushe. Daga baya, ya juya duhu, yana taushi kuma ƙarshe ya fada ƙasa. 
Don kada a yarda da wannan cuta zuwa ga sautin, a farkon spring, dole ne a bi da bishiyoyi da ƙasa a cikin gandun daji tare da cakuda Bordeaux (lita 3 a daji). Hakanan zaka iya kokarin amfani da magungunan gargajiya - jiyya da tafarnuwa bayani (daya shredded kai don lita 2 na ruwa). Ya kamata a yi shuki a cikin lokaci na bayyanar kodan kuma makonni biyu bayan jiyya na farko.
A maimakon tsanani cuta na peonies ne tsatsa. Tsaida ta bayyanar cututtuka ba zai yi nasara ba - yana da launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye, wanda, a matsayin mulki, an kafa bayan flowering. Irin waɗannan ganye zasu buƙaci a yanke kuma kone su. Rigakafin zai kasance a cikin ayyukan kamar yadda yayi launin toka. 
Mosaic - Kwayar cutar bidiyo mai ban mamaki. An nuna shi ta wurin haske mai haske da ratsan rawaya a kan ganyayyaki. Dole ne a cire ƙananan bishiyoyi da kone su. 
Dalilin da yake cewa pions bace furewa na iya zama da yawa:
- Yankin da aka zaba a fili ba tare da nasara ba - daji za a buƙaɗa shi zuwa wani ma'auni daidai da abubuwan da ake son shuka;
- dasa shuki sosai delenok tare da karamin adadin tushen da basu iya jure wa aikin ciyar da harbe. Zaka iya warware matsalar ta hanyar sabon rukuni da kuma sake canzawa;
- dashi da yawa da kuma rarraba - ya kamata a dasa shuki da rabuwa ba sau ɗaya ba sau hudu a kowace hudu zuwa biyar;
- rashin dacewa - ma zurfi ko ma na waje;
- daji yana da shekaru mai tsawo - dole ne a raba shi;
- ƙasa mai ƙwaya;
- kasa haduwa;
- Kasawar potassium a cikin ƙasa;
- ƙwayar launin toka ta launin toka ko tsawaita tsawa mai tsawo
- kasa watering;
- lalacewa ga asalinsu ta hanyar nematode ko ƙwayoyin cuta - a farkon yanayin shuka ba batun batun ci gaba ba ne;
- Ginin ya tsayar da cututtukan cututtuka - dole ne a tumɓuke shi ya ƙone.
Fannonin zamani
Peonies "Sarah Bernard" ya nuna launuka masu yawa da siffofi. Mafi shahararrun su ne furanni na launin ja da fari.
Peony "Sarah Bernard Red" Ya haifar da dan kadan kadan daga danginta - kimanin 15 cm a diamita. Haka ne, kuma tsawo na daji bai wuce 85 cm ba. 
Duk da haka, yana da irin wannan launi mai launi mai launin launin shuɗi da irin wannan ƙanshi mai ƙanshi wanda ya jawo hankali a farkon wuri. Ganye suna da duhu kore, budewa. Wannan samfurin nasa ne da furanni na tsakiyar marigayi flowering flowering.
Peony "Sarah Bernard White" yana ba da furanni masu kyau mara kyau. Dabbobin da yake da ita suna da siffar daban-daban - daga siffar fure-fukai don kama da wardi. Kwasimita na furanni ƙananan - 15-17 cm A kan peduncles yawanci akwai biyu ko uku buds. Aji ne blooming marigayi. 
Yana fure a watan Mayu - Yuni, mai yawa da tsawo. Kudan zuma yana girma a matsakaici har zuwa 80-90 cm. Ganye yana da matsakaici a girman kuma suna da launi mai duhu. Peony "Sarauniya Bernard" tana da launi mai tsanani da kuma tsayayya ga mafi yawan cututtukan da suka shafi cututtuka.
Idan kun kasance a halin yanzu a bincika abin da ake buƙata na pion, to, muna ba ku shawara ku kula da "Sarah Bernard". Kyakkyawan daji yana da kyau a yi ado da kowane yanki kuma zai yi farin ciki ga mai shi yana da kyakkyawar haske, mai tsawo kuma tsawon tsawon shekaru goma. Its abũbuwan amfãni ne a cikin launuka masu arziki, unpretentiousness, high winter hardiness da yawan flowering.
