Don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan tsari na wani lambu ko yanki, mutane da dama masu yawa na ƙasa suna tunani akan abin da ya fi dacewa don ba a gida mai zafi. Daga cikin yawan kayan da ake gabatar da su na shuke-shuke, zaka iya samun wakilin flora daga kowane yanki. Duk da haka, mafi yawansu ba su taba samun fifiko ba, amma wasu daga cikinsu suna haifar da tashin hankali a zukatansu.
Wa] annan wuraren da aka fi sani da gidajen gida raguwa. Ba a rarrabe tsire-tsire ta wurin haskakawa ta musamman da launuka ba. Har ila yau, ba za a iya kiran shi a ganewa ba a farkon gani. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya ba matsalolin daji akan hanya zuwa ci gaba da sabon yankuna. To me yasa Shin mai shimfiɗa ne a cikin kwaskwarimar haka a cikin zane-zane? Tare da waɗannan dole mu fahimta, da kuma gano abin da yanayi yake bukata don shuka wannan shuka a gonar.
Bayani da halaye
Gina kwance a kwance tana nufin nau'in ado wanda wakilta Family Pink. A cikin yanayin yanayi, an rarraba shi a kasar Sin. Wannan tsire-tsire mai kyau a cikin daji shine mafi kyaun kayan ado na ruwaye. Babban fasali na shrub an fara shi da sunansa. Wannan shi ne da farko a creeping a cikin kwance matsayi, halin Evergreen foliage.
Tsari, rassberries, blackberries, apples, pears, cherries, quinces, loquat, almonds, cherries, plums, apricots, peaches, shadberries, wildries cherries, hawthorn, fure, spirea, rowan da cloudberry, kazalika da kwance kilogram, kasance a cikin iyali ruwan hoda kuma suna da yawa a kusan dukkanin yankunan duniya.
Shin kuna sani? Wannan ornamental shrub ya karbi sunan gida saboda daidai da 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da jinsin da ake kira "dogwood" wanda aka yi amfani dasu a cikin abinci tun zamanin d ¯ a.Girman shuka shine kyawawan kankanin, Tsawonsa bai wuce 70 cm ba, kuma girmansa ya fi mita 1.5. Shrub harbe suna quite branched kuma ƙirƙirar mai girma kambi. Kowace harbe an rufe shi da ƙananan launuka masu launin kore, wadda ke kusa da canjin yanayi zuwa halayyar inuwa mai haske. Lokacin flowering a cikin wannan nau'in farawa a ƙarshen watan Mayu kuma yana dakin makonni 3, yayin da harbe ke rufe da kananan, kusan maɗaukaki nau'i nau'i ko furanni guda ɗaya na wani inuwa mai duhu. Bayan flowering a kan ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin ja, suna iya bayyana, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta zai iya zama a kan shuka har zuwa bazara na gaba.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan launi na Latin suna kama da "сotoneaster", wanda aka fassara daga tsohon Girkanci yana nufin "kamar quince." Wannan sunan ya tashi saboda gaskiyar cewa ganye na daya daga cikin jinsunan wannan shuka ya zama irin launi.
Daga cikin wakilai mafi yawa daga cikin lambu suna jin dadi cotoneaster a kwance variegatus (Variegatus). Tsarin shuka mai karami ne, tsayinsa bai wuce 30 cm ba tsawo kuma 1.5 m a nisa. Wannan shrub iri iri-iri ya sami musamman shahara saboda ta ban mamaki ado launi a cikin kaka zamani. Da farkon yanayin sanyi, koren launi yana canza launinsa zuwa burgundy mai dadi tare da kyawawan launin fari. Wannan yanayin na daji yana ba gonar yanayi na musamman da dumi da sanyi a lokacin sanyi.
Amfani da aikace-aikace
Ginawa a kwance cikin gonar yana da nauyin aikace-aikace masu kyau. An bada shawarar shuka injin a cikin bishiyoyi, kusa da ganuwar rikewa. Har ila yau, wannan shrub za a iya amfani da shi a matsayin nau'in halitta. Tsarin gine-gine na harbe ya ba shi damar rufe kundin mazauni kuma ya zama jinsin mamaye akan shi.
Babban aikin na shuka - Wannan cikakken cikar sararin samaniya ko matakin tsakiya. An dasa shrub a tsire-tsire ko tsire-tsire guda. Mafi yawan shahararrun shinge ko shinge mai bango. Don yin wannan, an dasa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da gefen shinge a nesa da 30 cm daga juna. Bayan shekaru 2 na girma kyauta, za a iya fara aikin aiwatar da shinge tare da taimakon gwaninta. A hankali, shrub yayi girma kuma bayan 'yan shekaru an kafa shinge mai rai mai kyan gani. 
Shin kuna sani? An yi amfani da shi na farko a matsayin tsire-tsire a cikin lambun botanical a 1864.Lokacin da girma ɗayan shuka daga harbe na daji ya samar da kambi mai hadari, wanda a cikin bayyanar zai iya ɗauka a wani nau'i daban. Irin wannan abun da ke cikin zane-zane yana iya haɗawa da kowane irin tsire-tsire, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a ƙirƙirar yankunan shimfidar wuri na musamman. Har ila yau, wannan jinsin shine nau'in nau'i na "lambu na Japan" tare da taimakon wani daji, halayen halayyar da aka gina da kayan ado masu ado.
Bincika mafi yawan nau'in gwaninta.
Yanayin shimfidar wuri
Domin ya ba da katako a cikin lambun ku, dole ne ku yi haquri da yin aiki. Duk da cewa wannan shuka ba shi da kyau, dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai ƙasa yana buƙatar buƙatar ƙira. Lokacin mafi kyau ga wannan tsari shine farkon spring. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a dasa shuki mai gina jiki har sai buds ya samo shi, in ba haka ba shuka ba zai zauna a sabon wuri ba.
Zaɓi wuri
Gidan ya fi son wurare da haske mai haske ko m inuwa, rashin haske ba zai shafar kayan ado na daji ba, don haka yana tasowa cikin aminci tare da tsananin hasken rana. Duk da haka, mafi yawan samfurori masu amfani da fasaha suna ci gaba ne kawai a cikin yanayin haske mai kyau da kuma haɗakar haɗin hawan gonar. 
Ƙasa don gwaninta
Ƙasa shine ɗaya daga cikin matsaloli na farko da za a fuskanta a lokacin da dasa shuki mai laushi. Ba a duk yanayin daji za a karɓa ba. Maganin mafita zai kasance don ƙara kayan da aka shirya musamman na yashi, takin peat da turf, wanda aka shirya a cikin kashi 2: 1: 2 da kyau kafin dasa, yana da muhimmanci a kara lemun tsami ga ƙasa da 300 grams ta mita 1. Bugu da ƙari na irin wannan substrate yana taimakawa wajen kusan 100% rayuwa na seedling. Da kyau, ƙasa mai kyau yana da kwarewa mai kyau, kamar yadda yake a cikin yanayi mai laushi mai zurfi, shrub yana cike da hankali kuma zai iya mutuwa ba da daɗewa ba. 
Dokokin shimfiɗa
Akwai hanyoyi da dama na horar da kayan lambu a dacha: tsaba, grafting, cuttings ko layering. Dukansu suna ba da zarafin damar shuka wannan shuka a yankunansu, amma ba kowannen su ya bambanta ta hanyar yadda ya dace.
Tsaba
Shuka tsaba ne hanya mafi mahimmanci don bunkasa baƙar fata, tun da ba su da babban mataki na germination. Tare da ƙayyadaddun farashi, kawai kashi 60 cikin 100 na tsaba da aka samar za su samar da tsire-tsire mai karfi. A farkon watan Oktoba, bayan 'ya'yan itatuwa sun cika cikakke, an cire su a hankali kuma an cire nama tare da kwasfa.
Sauran tsaba sun zuba a cikin akwati na ruwa. Wadanda suka nutse zuwa kasa sun dace da shuka, sauran ya kamata a ƙi. Gaba, an shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa. A lokacin daga ƙarshen watan Mayu zuwa farkon watan Yuni ya bayyana, wanda aka lalace daga cikin bukata. Sai kawai bayan shekaru 2-3, lokacin da tsire-tsire suka fi karfi, za a iya dasa su zuwa wuri na dindindin. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku mancewa don kunna saman. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a shuka tsaba a cikin bazara, amma don amfanin gona da kyau dole ne su ciyar da hunturu a cikin ƙasa. Idan ba tare da wannan ba, halayarsu tana raguwa sau da yawa.
Cuttings
Sake bugunta ta hanyar ƙirar matasa Hanyar mafi mahimmanci don bunkasa daji a cikin filin bude. Don haka, a farkon watan Yuni, an shirya kayan abu. Daga kananan ƙananan, an yanke cututtuka, bayan haka an kwashe su a cikin ruwa ko wani bayani mai mahimmanci ga rushewa. Bayan haka, an dasa bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa mai tsabta a wani kwana na 45 °. Don rooting shi ne mafi kyau don amfani da na musamman substrate, wanda aka shirya daga daidai sassa na yashi da kuma peat. Abin da aka dasa a ƙasa an rufe shi da yanke kan wani kwalban filastik tare da wuyansa. A kan m wuri kafe cuttings transplanted gaba spring. 
Shiryawa
Domin samun sabon shuka saboda ladawa, a farkon lokacin bazara a cikin rassan bishiyoyi na kananan ƙananan ana barin su zuwa zurfin kimanin 10-15 cm. Don yin wannan, ana haifar da kananan ramuka a cikin ƙasa a kusa da shuka, wanda ya zama dole ya zuba kayan da aka shirya musamman na nau'in peat da yashi. Bayan haka, ana manta da layering har shekara guda, kuma bazarar ta gaba, an harbe shi ne a wuri mai dindindin. 
Inoculation
Gishiri mai sauƙi a kwance - Wannan ita ce hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta horar da wannan shrub. Don yin wannan, an shuka shuka a kan sanda na musamman, wanda aka shirya daga ɗayan kowane itace na iyalin Pink. Hanyar farawa a farkon spring. An dasa kumbura mai haske a saman bishiyan itace, bayan haka an cire dukkan rassan gefen. Kafin aikin, sprout yana da horo na musamman: an yanke katsewa a gefensa na sama, kuma a yanki a kasan ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don kauce wa juyawa daga cikin yankan yankan, an wajaba don aiwatar da yanke a matsayin ɓangare na gonar.A cikin wata daya, ɓangaren alurar riga kafi tushe kuma ya fara girma. Daga wannan lokaci, dole ne a lura da yadda ake ci gaba da ci gaba, dafa kayan shuka don samar da kyakkyawan tafiya. Tuni bayan shekaru 2, an kafa kambi mai cikakke a kan shtamba tare da kyawawan hotunan hotonsa, wanda kowace gonar za ta iya yin girman kai.
Yaya za a kula da shuka?
Ga mafi yawancin, ba da wuya a kula da irin wannan shrubus ba, saboda ba abin sha'awa ba ne kuma baya buƙatar ilimin musamman ga wannan.
Watering
Gidan shimfidawa yana nufin jinsin da ba ya jure wa danshi, don haka wannan shuka bata buƙatar ci gaba da ruwa, ko da a cikin yanayin fari. Za'a iya aiwatar da tsarin ba fiye da 1 lokaci a kowace wata ba. Duk da haka, a lokacin busassun zafi da zafi, an riga an ba da shawarar shayar da shrub, saboda wannan adadin ruwa don ban ruwa ba zai wuce takwas buckets ba (na shuka mai girma). A wannan yanayin, yawan mita ya zama 1 lokaci a cikin makonni 2. Bayan watering, wajibi ne don sassauta ƙasa zuwa zurfin kusan 15 cm a tushe kuma, idan ya yiwu, kawar da weeds. 
Taki
Ginin ba ya buƙatar ƙarin kayan gina jiki, duk da haka A cikin bazara, taki taki yana da bukata. A karo na farko ana gudanar da tsari a farkon spring, tare da farkon kwanakin farko. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da bayani na musamman. Don shirya shi a cikin lita 10 na ruwa narke 25 g na urea, bayan abin da aka samo kayan abu a kan tushe na shrub. Zaka kuma iya amfani da Kemira sararin samaniya tare da lissafin 100 g da 1 square mita. ƙasa. An gaba da shrub a gaban flowering (karshen watan Mayu). Don yin wannan, za ka iya amfani da 15 g da 1 square mita. sulfuric potassium ko 60 g da 1 sq. m. superphosphate granules.
Pruning
Shrub yana nufin irin wannan shuka, wadda ta canja wurin pruning. Shrub don kakar ya kamata a fuskanci tsabtace jiki, sakewa da kuma tsara (na ado) aski. Don dalilai masu ban sha'awa, ana gudanar da tsire-tsire ta duniya a cikin bazara, har sai buds ya bayyana. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a yanke ta kowace shekara ta kashi daya bisa uku na ci gaban su. Bayan pruning, da shoot da sauri girma, amma siffar kambi ya kasance m. 
Ya zama wajibi ne kawai a wani lokacin don kula da bayyanar. Za a kuma yi gyaran gashi har sai bayyanar kodan. A wannan lokaci, lallai ya zama dole a bayyana sautin da ba dole ba kuma ya yanka su ba tare da rasa cikakken bayyanar daji ba. Za a iya yin gyaran tsabta a kowane lokaci na shekara, tun lokacin da aka cire sassaccen ɓangaren ɓangaren da ya mutu ba ya ƙarfafa ci gaban shrub.
Rufe cotonaster don hunturu?
Kodayake gaskiyar cewa mai yaduwa ne na jinsin sanyi, har yanzu yana buƙatar yin shiri mai kyau don hunturu, musamman a yankunan da ke fama da mummunar sanyi a arewa. Saboda haka, an yi amfani da ƙasa a kusa da tushe, bayan haka an harbe harbe a kusa da ƙasa kuma an tabbatar da wannan wuri. Na gaba, an shuka shukiyar. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da kayan kayan ado na musamman, wanda za'a saya a kowane kantin kayan shuka, ganye ko rassan itatuwan coniferous. A cikin wannan nau'i mai nau'in, mai yaduwa zai iya tsira har ma da tsananin sanyi. 
Kyawawan namo na shrubs shine hanya mai sauƙi kuma mai kyau don dasa bishiyoyi da itatuwa. Suna taimakawa wajen taimakawa wajen yin yanayi mai ban sha'awa a kasar ko yankin. Ginawa a kwance a cikin wannan ma'anar shine mafi kyawun zabi, tun da dasa shuki da kula da shi yana da sauƙi, kawai kana bukatar kulawa da ita sau 2 kawai a kowace shekara kuma shuka zai faranta wa mai shi kyau.
