Fattening calves ga nama ya kwanan nan ya zama ƙara yawan rare hanyar samun kudin shiga. Girma mai girma don nama shine aiki mai wuyar gaske, domin yana buƙatar ba kawai kayan jari ba ne, amma har da kokarin jiki. Duk dabbobin da aka raba su kiwo, nama da kiwo da nama. A cikin wannan labarin zamu magana akan Wace irin nau'in gurasar nama ne mafi girma ga fattening.
Bull breeds, nau'in
Don masu shayarwa da yawa, fatalwa calves ga nama ba kawai hanya mafi inganci don samun kudi a kan iyali, amma kuma damar da za a iya samun inganci mai kyau, ƙin nama, wanda ya dace ko da yaran. Mafi yawan nau'in naman naman ganyayyaki shine irin wadannan: Dabbobin Birtaniya, Faransanci-Italiyanci da zebuvidnye. Kowace waɗannan kungiyoyi sun bambanta ta hanyar girma, matakin yawan aiki da kuma yanayin tsare. A wace irin naman naman da ya fi dacewa don karbaccen abu, za mu kara magana.
Birtaniya
An lura da irin naman iri na Birtaniya da aka fi sani da manoma. A cikin duniya akwai kimanin mutane miliyan 200 na wannan rukuni. Ƙaramar shanu na Birtaniya sun kasance suna da tsaka-tsakin daka da tsayi. Suna haɓaka da kyau don ciyar da rayuwa da kuma jure yanayin yanayi na yanayi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kwancen nama na Birtaniya yana "marbling" - wani nau'i na nama tare da tsari mai tsabta na sutura mai yalwa, wanda yayi kama da yanke dutse.
Faransanci-Italiyanci
Harshen Faransanci da Italiyanci na naman mai girma suna karuwa sosai a cikin shayarwa. Babban halayen mahimmanci shi ne cewa Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na Ƙasar Italiya-Italiya suna samun nauyin nauyin, ba tare da tara kitsen ba da kuma kashe kayan mai. Naman irin waɗannan bijimai yana dauke da mafi ƙanƙaraccen kwayar halitta kuma ba su da martaba, don haka ana daukar su sosai don fattening. Amma game da mummunan siffofin daji na Franco-Italiyanci, wannan na iya haɗa da matsalolin da ake kira calves da haihuwar marar mutuwa.
Shin kuna sani? An haifi 'yan kabilar Franco-Italiyanci daya daga cikin' yan tsohuwar "tsohuwar" nama.
Zebuvidnye
Zebuvidnye - ƙwarewa ne da ke dacewa da namo ko da a cikin yankunan da suka fi dacewa a kasar. Nau'in irin wadannan nau'o'in sun dace da yanayin zafi da fari. Zebuvidnye bijimai bayyana ta hanyar tsallaka Turai da British shanu breeds da zebu. Wadannan iri suna darajar ba kawai don abubuwan da ba su da kyau, amma har ma don magance cututtuka, musamman ga kwari masu shan jini. Zebuvid maya na iya ci reeds da sedge, wanda ke nuna ƙananan ingancin nama da ƙananan matakin yawan aiki.
Mafi shahararrun samari na calves don fattening
Kafin zabar wasu nau'in nau'in, ya zama dole ka fahimci yanayin da ya dace da nau'o'in daban-daban, yadda yarinya ke ci gaba, da kuma irin irin abincin da ake buƙata don cimma matsayi mafi girma. Don ƙarin bayani game da irin shanu na naman da muke da ita za mu kara magana.
Herefordian
Yawancin lokaci, shayarwar shanu za su zabi irin na Herefordian don ciyar da ƙudan zuma ga nama. Herefords ne masu tauraron dan Adam da suka dace da tsawon rayuwarsu a kan bishiyoyi kuma suna da damuwa ga dadi. Suna jimre tare da dogon lokaci kuma suna samun nauyi. Dabbobin suna kama da wannan: dabbobin da ke da babban nau'i, tare da manyan tsokoki. Launi yana da launin ja-fata (jiki ne ja, kafafu zuwa gwiwoyi, kai da kuma tip daga cikin wutsiya suna da fari). Herefords sun kasu kashi uku: tsayi, matsakaici mai karfi da karami. Kwanan balaga mai tamanin ya kasance daga 850 zuwa 1200 kg. Yayin rana, nauyin nauyi ya sami kashi 1.5 kg. Nama yawan amfanin ƙasa zai kasance daga 58% zuwa 72%. An haifi gobies tare da nauyin 30-33 kg. Herefords sun zo ƙasashen ƙasar daga Kanada, Amurka da Ingila. Wadannan shaguna a yanzu suna zama "tushe" don kiwon kifaye iri iri.
Shin kuna sani? Irin wannan irin na Herefordian yana kiyaye launi lokacin da aka ketare tare da wasu nau'in.
Shorthorn
Bikin gajeren Bull shine tsohuwar kabilar Breed. Tsohon kakannin na Shortgon shine kabilar Tisvater, wanda aka bred a York da Durgame (wani suna kuma Durgam). Na farko da aka ambaci irin wannan lambun ne a shekarun 1822, bisa la'akari da nazarin kwatancen Durgam da Tiswater, wanda N. P. Kuleshov ya gudanar. Saho mai tsayi ne manyan dabbobi tare da tsawo na kimanin 130 cm (a madarar), kuma tsawon jiki zai iya kai 155 cm Girman kai yana da girman kai ga girman jiki, tare da ɗan gajeren gaba. Wuyan wuyansa ne takaice. Kowane ɓangare na jiki yana da kyau muscled. Launi ya bambanta: ja, ja-motley, roan. Nauyin rayuwa shine kilo 900-1000 (a wasu lokuta - 1277 kg), kuma yawan amfanin nama zai iya kaiwa 62%. A taro na calves - 25 - 30 kg.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sakamakon bambanci na irin gajeren gajere ne ƙananan ƙaho, wanda sun samo sunan su (gajere, ƙaho).
Aberdeen-Angus
Aberdeen Angus Dabba wata nau'i ne daga Suwitzilan wanda ya sami karbuwa a fadin duniya. Shaidun farko na shaidar wannan nau'in an san tun daga shekara ta 1862, lokacin da aka wallafa littafi na farko na wannan jinsin, kuma a cikin shekarar 1878 a Amurka, an haifi garke na shanu na wannan nau'in.
Tsayin bijimai ya kai 150 cm, jiki yana tasowa, ba da tsawo ba, wuyansa ya takaice, kai yana dacewa da girman jiki tare da ɗan gajeren fuska. Launi baki da ja. Nauyin nauyin balaga ya kai kimanin kilo 850, kuma yawan nama a fita yana da kashi 65% -70%. Sakamakon bambanci na irin shine girma da sauri da kuma halin da ake ciki a farkon kiba. Aberdeen Angus bijimai suna daidaita da yanayin yanayin yanayin sanyi da sanyi kuma suna jure yanayin yanayin kiwo.
Shin kuna sani? Domin samun nauyin nama, dole ne a ba da bijimin Aberdeen-Angus tare da abinci mai yawa da wuri mai dumi don barci.
Charolais
An yanka bakan Charolais a Faransa a karni na 18. Waɗannan bijimai suna da farin launi da babban taro. A kasar Faransa, an haifi wannan nau'in tun daga karni na 18 kuma yana da shugabannin 1,834,513. Daban yana da iko mai kyau don daidaitawa da yanayin rayuwa kuma yana cin abinci a kasashe 70. Tsakanin jiki (girke a cikin kirji na iya zama kimanin mita biyu) tare da cike da rashin lafiya. A baya tare da raunin rauni. Tsayin da ake yi a bushe shine 141-145 cm. Wuyansa ya takaice tare da sassaucin sauyawa zuwa kai. Matsayin tamanin ya kai 1200 kg.
Yana da muhimmanci! Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa na irin su shine: nauyi a cikin calving, rarrabewa daga cikin ƙafafun kafa, hypertrophy na baya na jiki.Dabbobin shanu na wannan nau'in suna da kyawawan kwarewa da kwarewa da sauri: ana iya amfani da dabbobi har zuwa shekaru 15. Naman nama yana da martaba, kuma saboda ginawa da ƙwayar tsoka, ba mai da nama ba, nama da nama da dandano mai dadi.
Kazakh
Yawan Kazakh ita ce sakamakon hayewa da awaki da ke yankin Hereford tare da yankunan Kazakh na gida. Sakamakon ya fara ne a shekara ta 1930, kuma an cire nau'in a 1951. A lokacin gwaje-gwaje, an raba nau'in zuwa nau'i biyu: nama da hade. Yawan Kazakh yana da kama da Hereford, amma shugaban wakilan Kazakh din ya fi girma. Tsawan nauyin nau'in Kazakh irin su ne 125 cm, kuma zurfin jikin kirji shine 70 cm. Tsawon jikin shine 155 cm, kuma girke da kwarangwal na 20 cm. Yawan da yaron ya kai kimanin kilogram 30 a matsakaita, mai girma yayi girma zuwa kilo 1100, kuma yawancin nama shine kashi 65 cikin dari. Naman ba abu mai kyau ba, amma ana iya lura da tsirrai a tsakanin tsokoki.
Yawan Kazakh suna jin dadi sosai a yanayin yanayin yanayi mai kyau kuma suna da farin cikin rayuwa a wuraren da ake ci.
Kalmyk
Kalmyk ta fito daga Mongoliya, inda aka san shi shekaru 350 da suka wuce. Gurasar ta zama babba, tsarin jiki yana daidaitacce. Bulls na iya kai har zuwa kilo 950 cikin nauyin, kuma fitarwa na nama mai rai shine kusan 62%. Yawancin lokaci launi launi ne, wani lokacin akwai sabo. Ana amfani da ƙoshin kalmyk don hawa don inganta aikin naman. Gobies daidaitawa da kyau a rayuwa a bushe, wurare masu sanyi. A lokacin makiyaya, 60 kilogiram na kitsen mai suna tarawa cikin jiki, wanda ya ba da damar bijimai bazai rasa nauyi ko da a cikin hunturu ba.
Shin kuna sani? Sakamakon siffar Kalmyk tamanin shine siffar ƙaho - suna da tsayi, a cikin siffar kututture, dan kadan a nannade a tsakiyar.
Salers
Ana amfani da ire-iren bijimai na Salerskaya ba kawai a matsayin tushen nama da madara ba, har ma a matsayin karin ma'aikata. Race wannan nau'in ya fara ne a karni na 19 a Faransa, kusa da kauyen wannan sunan. Jirgin wakilai na wannan nau'i ne mai siffar rectangular, tare da kirji mai zurfi da kuma rufi mai zurfi. Launi yana launin ruwan kasa, gashin gashi kadan ne, amma a wuyansa yana kama da ulu na rago, sautin yana da duhu fiye da launin sauran sassan jiki. Rashin yawan bijimai masu girma shine kilo 1000-1300, kuma fitarwa na nama a kisan shine 60% na taro na sa. Bulls na wannan nau'in suna da kyakkyawan halaye masu dacewa kuma suna kwantar da hankali a cikin girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sakamakon Salers yana darajar ba kawai ga nama ba, amma har ma don ingancin kayayyakin kiwo. An yi amfani da ƙwayoyi mai mahimmanci "Cantal" daga madara wadda shanu na Salers suka samar. "Salers", "Sennekter".
Limousine
Limousin bulls daga Faransa ne. An haifi nau'in a cikin 1850. Manyan Limousin sune manyan, tare da kasusuwa masu ƙananan da kuma cike da tsokoki. Nau'in bijimai yana kilo 1000-1100, tsayinta kuma kamu 145 ne. Jikin jikin yana kewaye da shi, tare da kirji mai zurfi da kuma baya mai zurfi. Launi - ja, ciki - mai sautin wuta. Hatsuna da hooves a cikin fararen. Ƙaƙƙun wuyansa yana da gajeren lokaci, tare da sauƙi mai saurin kai zuwa kai da wani ɓangaren gyara fuska. Ana nuna ƙahonin zuwa ƙasa, ƙananan girman. An haifi maraƙin yana kimanin kimanin kilo 40, kuma a lokacin da ake yin weaning yana kimanin kilo 300. Kwayar nama shine kashi 60 cikin dari na dabba.
Ma'aurai mai tsabta sun dace da yanayin yanayin mu akasarin aure a cikin gidaje.
Kowane mai aikin gona dole ne ya yanke shawarar kansa ko yana da amfani a ci gaba da kula da nama, saboda yawancin naman da zai kasance a cikin turken zai dogara ne a kanka. Wannan zaku ƙirƙira yanayin rayuwar dabba. Babban abu shi ne zabi irin da zai ji daɗi a cikin yanayin yankinku. Abin farin ciki, a zamaninmu akwai nau'o'in nau'o'in da za su taimaka maka duka wajen samun kudi da kuma samar da kanka da kuma ƙaunatattunka da abinci mai kyau.
