Roses - gaskiya na ado na kowane lambu. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu kyau sun kasance masu ban sha'awa ga masu shuka furanni a fadin duniya har tsawon ƙarni. Fiye da nau'i 3000 irin wadannan furanni suna girma a al'ada. Za mu zauna a kan dutsen Turanci a daki-daki, wato, za mu iya fahimtar da iri-iri iri-iri "Graham Thomas".
Tarihin kiwo
Turanci Inglishi - fure mai fadi da kyawawan furanni, wanda yana da ban sha'awa a cikin karni na XX kuma ya koma cikin salon cikin 80s. A shekara ta 1983, David Austin ya shayar da nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban, wanda ya kira bayan abokinsa, kuma gwani a fagen wardi, Graham Thomas. 
A nuni a Chelsea, furen yana sha'awar kuma ya fadi da ƙauna tare da kansa nan take godiya ga wani abu mai ban mamaki da aka yi da tumbura da kuma ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa. Wannan nau'in ya samo asali ne ta hanyar tsallaka "Charles Austin" da "Iceberg."
Shin kuna sani? A cikin gida iri-iri, a Ingila, don furta ra'ayoyinsu, ƙaunataccen ba biyu wardi wardi.
Bayani da halaye
Ba shi yiwuwa a bayyana kalmomi "Graham Thomas" da kalmomi ba tare da kallonta ba, kuma idan ka bincika shi kuma ka fahimci duk abin da ke cikin laya ta ƙunshi, za a iya ci gaba da yin bayani.
Kamar dai wannan furen yana da idan ba duka ba, to, mafi yawa daga cikin tabarau na rawaya, wanda ya bambanta dangane da yanayin hawan yanayi. Ƙananan sau biyu sunyi kwasfa buds sun kai kimanin diamita na 8-10. A kan peduncle akwai kimanin kwayoyin 75 da suke kare cibiyar na toho, kawai buɗe shi saboda yanayin da ya kewaya. 
Inflorescences yawanci tattara daga 6-8 furanni da ba da wani haske na musamman da kuma ƙanshi mai dadi. Very reshe shrubs suna halin drooping harbe tare da duhu kore m ganye. Tsawon da nisa daga cikin daji sun bambanta daga yanayin damina daga 1.2 zuwa 3.5 m a tsawo kuma 100-120 cm a girma. Rose blooms 'Graham Thomas' ci gabaa lokacin bazara.
Karanta kuma game da irin nau'o'in wardi: "Jin dadi guda biyu", "Sophia Loren", "Pierre de Ronsard", "Farin Ciki", "Falstaff".
Yanayin girma
Cikakke don dasa shuki a wurare masu zafi da kuma inuwa mai duhu. Babban abu - samar da shuka 6-7 hours a bude rana. Dole ne a yi amfani da wuri sosai.
Daga zaɓin wuri ya dogara da sakamakon dasa: misali, a rana mai haske, wuri mai kyau yana samun karamin daji tare da yawan furanni, kuma a cikin wuri mai duhu - shrub mai tsayi da ƙananan kananan buds. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne ku kiyaye nisa lokacin da dasa shuki: bishiyoyi da itatuwa su zama akalla mita daya daga fure. In ba haka ba, za a yi gwagwarmaya don na gina jiki.
Shiri da kuma dasa shuki
Kuna iya dasa fure a spring ko kaka.
Dole ne a shirya shirye-shiryen shuka kafin a dasa shuki, bayan sun kiyaye su a cikin mafita mai sanyi tsawon sa'o'i 24, sannan sai su ci gaba da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a 50x50x50 cm, wato, zurfin, nisa da nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya zama daidai.
Bayan shirya ramukan saukowa, wajibi ne da kyau a wanke su - An bada shawarar yin amfani da guga guda ɗaya na ruwa ga kowane rijiyar. Bayan haka, za ka iya ci gaba kai tsaye don dasa shuki. Yi nazari da hankali don sanya su a cikin rami, sa'an nan kuma rufe shi da gishiri don satar fure ya zurfi cikin ƙasa ta kalla 7 cm. Rasa ƙasa, da rana mai zuwa kana buƙatar kwashe bushes kuma ku shayar da su da alheri. 
Kula Kula
Harshen Ingilishi yana da mahimmanci a cikin wannan nau'i na wardi, sabili da haka dukkan hanyoyin kulawa dole ne a yi a dace da dacewa. Idan ka bi dokoki masu sauƙi, an tabbatar da kai don samun kyakkyawan shrub mai kyau da yawan furanni.
Shin kuna sani? Graham Thomas "ya sami lambar yabo fiye da 50, kuma mafi kyawun lambar yabo a gare su. James Mason daga Royal Society of Gardeners, an ba shi lambar yabo a shekarar 2000.
Watering
Humidity - Daya daga cikin abubuwan da aka samu na nasarar ciyawa a maki "Graham Thomas." Watering ya zama matsakaici, amma dace. Da zarar saman saman ƙasa na kusa da shrub ya bushe, ya kamata ka fara hanyoyin ruwa. Adadin ruwan ya dogara da yanayin hawan yanayi, saboda haka ba shakka ba zai iya yiwuwa ya ƙayyade shi ba: dole ne ka dogara da kwarewarka da kwarewa. 
Taki
Nan da nan bayan dasa, a farkon kakar girma, ana amfani da takin mai magani. Phosphorus da ƙwayoyin zazzaɓi suna tabbatar da tsinkayen buds - yana da kyau don yin irin wannan sanyaya a cikin Mayu-Yuni. A watan Agusta da Satumba, zaka iya ciyar da wardi tare da potassium. Zai fi dacewa don kusanci taki na wannan tayi mai hankali tare da taka tsantsan, kuma ku bi ka'ida cewa ya fi kyau a shafe ku fiye da overfeed.
Karanta kuma game da matsalolin kulawa da kuma irin nauyin wardi na rufin gida, da yanayin girma na hawa da kuma tsararren wardi.
Pruning
Duk ya dogara ne akan tunaninka da kuma yadda kake ganin shuka a tsarin zanewar ka. Tabbatar da yanke kawai matakan da ke faruwa da kuma lalatawa, har ma da tsire-tsire masu furen da suka ɓace. Duk sauran manipulation tare da pruning da kuma samuwar shrubs, za ka iya aiwatar da su ga dandano. 
Kariya akan cututtuka da kwari
Dukan wardi na Turanci ba su jure wa lalacewa ba saboda yawancin tsire-tsire. A matsayin ma'auni m, wajibi ne don hawan ƙasa sosai kuma kada a cika ambaliyar. A cikin ruwan sama ya kamata girgiza daji da kuma buds daga saukad da.
Mafi yawan al'amuran harshen Ingilishi, wanda ke tasowa daidai saboda rashin ruwa da ruwan sama mai yawa - launin toka. Wannan naman gwari yana tasiri tushen asalin shuka, yana cike da su. A farkon alamun bayyanar cutar, kuma gaskiyar cewa furanni da harbe sun fara juyawa, dole ne a cire wuraren da aka shafa kuma su wanke ƙasa, misali, ta amfani da Fitosporina-M, Alirin-B ko Gamair.
Ina so in jaddada cewa wardi "Graham Thomas" tare da kulawa da kyau, da rashin lafiya kuma masu kwari suna shawo kan su, saboda suna da karfi sosai.
Muna ba da shawara ka karanta game da fasalin fashewar shayi, Yaren mutanen Holland, Katolika.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Propagate irin wannan wardi cuttings da layering. 
Mafi sauki kuma mafi mahimmanci har ma ga masu lambu mai son shi ne haifuwa ta hanyar laka. Don haka kana buƙatar zaɓar matashi mai karfi, yanke tip, saka wasa a can. Sa'an nan kuma kana buƙatar hašawa karar zuwa ƙasa, dan kadan danna da kuma zuba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙasa don yankan ya kamata a shirya: da farko cire duk weeds, takin da sassauta.
Yi aikin a cikin Yuli-Agusta, kuma a cikin bazara za ka iya rarraba shirye-shiryen da aka shirya daga mahaifa.
Yankewa ana daukar ƙananan nasara, amma ana amfani da shi sosai. Don cuttings zabi da ƙarfin rassan. An yi la'akari da sapling a matsayin stalk tare da ganye 2-3, yayin da an cire 1 ko 2 daga cikin ƙananan ganye, ta bar daya ganye. Bayan haka ana shuka kayan shuka a cikin kayan da aka shirya, ya sassauta kuma ya maida ƙasa a nesa na 20 cm daga juna.
Koyi yadda za a ci gaba da tsayar da wardi a cikin gilashi kadan, da kuma yadda za a yi girma a cikin tukunya.
Tsari don hunturu
Roses "Graham Thomas" suna dauke sosai hardy hunturu. A karkashin hunturu ne gajeren pruning. An katse shrub a hanyar da kawai tushe ya kasance tare da dubban buds. Trimming ya kamata a yi tare da kaifi, disinfected pruner. Bayan aikin, kana buƙatar prikopat daji duniya. Zai fi kyau ka ɗauki ƙasa don tsabtacewa a wani kusurwar gonar, kuma ba kai tsaye kusa da furen, kamar yadda a lokacin da kake juyo za ka iya cutar da asalin shuka. 
Daga sama, ana rufe daji mai launi na foliage, sawdust ko spruce rassan. Idan yankinku yana da matukar damuwa kuma yawan zafin jiki ya sauke ƙasa -30 ° C, rufe daji tare da fim don iyakar kariya. Nisa tsakanin fim da shuka ya zama akalla 15 cm.
A cikin tsari zuba wani Layer na foliage da kuma rufe da rassan. A cikin wannan gidan, Turanci ya tashi yana da dumi. A cikin bazara, an cire tsari a matakai: na farko, an cire rassan da ganye, kuma an bar shrub a ƙarƙashin fim don da yawa makonni. Kayan abu yana ƙyatar haskoki na rana kuma yana kare fure daga ruwan sanyi - a cikin yanayin yanayi na greenhouse, shrub yayi farkawa kuma yana tasowa.
Fure a cikin Turanci shi ne kyakkyawan mai kirki da kyakkyawa mai kirki wanda zai jawo hankulan gaske kuma ya dace da kowane tsarin gonar. Aristocratic sophistication da kyawawan ƙanshi na iya rinjayar zuciya da kuma tunanin na duka mai lalata da novice grower.
