Pear yana da 'ya'yan itace mai dadi kuma mai amfani wanda ke jin dadi a duniya.
Pear ya zo Rasha daga tsohuwar Farisa kuma ya yadu a ko'ina cikin kasar.
Pear marble yana daya daga cikin shahararrun irin pears da suke girma a ƙasashen Rasha.
Wane irin ne?
Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don rarrabe irin shuke-shuke na pear, manyan sune:
- 'ya'yan itace ripening kakar;
- kambin kambi;
- tsawo daga cikin itatuwan.
Terms of ripening
Yaushe ne ya yi ripen? Marin Pear yana nufin iri-iri iri, kamar yadda 'ya'yan itatuwa sukan fara a farkon watan Satumba. Wadannan itatuwan suna da matsakaicin matsayi da kuma kambi na pyramidal.
Wadannan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in sunyi girma a cikin kaka: Thumbelina, Larinska, Uralochka, Bere Bosk da Silent Don.
Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo
Daya daga cikin shahararrun masu shayarwa a kasar Rasha shine I.V. Michurin. Shi ne wanda ya jagoranci kawo nau'o'in pears kawai da zasu iya girma cikin yanayin Rasha. Wannan iri-iri ne mai suna Bere hunturu Michurina.
Bayan kadan, masu shayarwa A.M. Ulyanischeva da GD Ba hanya, aiki a tashar mai lambun a garin Rossosh, wanda ke cikin yankin Voronezh, ya yi amfani da ilmi da kwarewa na Michurin da ƙetare hunturu Bear pear itacen da iri da ake kira Kyawawan daji.
Saboda haka, sabon nau'i-nau'in aka bred - Marmara Pear. A shekarar 1965, an shigar da wannan iri-iri a cikin Jihar Register. Ya fara girma a cikin yankunan tsakiya, Lower Volga, Volga-Vyatka da tsakiyar Black Earth na kasar.
Bayyanar
Za'a iya bambanta bishiyar Marble Pear da manyan rassansa, matsakaici na tsawo da kambi na pyramidal, wanda ya fi fadi a tushe. Gashin wannan itace yana da launi mai launin launin toka. Pear marble yana da rauni mai yiwuwa ta samar da harbe. Su ne launin ja-launin ruwan kasa da launi kuma an tura su zuwa sama.
A harbe suna densely an rufe shi da haske canza launin lentils. Kwayoyin suna da launi da launin ruwan kasa a launi. Furen bishiya sun fara da launin launi, amma a lokacin da aka fara samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa ya zama mai banƙyama. Inflorescences ne laima-kamar kuma kunshi takwas zuwa tara furanni.
Pear "Marble": bayanin da iri-iri da hotuna
Wannan nau'in nau'in nau'in pear yana da ƙanshin haske kore ganye na matsakaiciyar matsakaici da kuma siffar motsa jiki, wadda take a wani m kwana zuwa titin. Fruiting Marble pears suna kira da ringed type, tun da 'ya'yan itatuwa yawanci girma a kan ringworms located a kan biyu zuwa hudu matasa rassan.
Suna da siffar zagaye na yau da kullum da kuma santsi mai haske. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da cikakken fata, a ƙarƙashinsa akwai ƙananan launi masu launi.
Babban launi na 'ya'yan itace shine rawaya-kore, amma a gefen pears na iri-iri Marble akwai launin marmara mai launin launin ruwan kasa, saboda abin da aka kirkiro wannan iri-iri a wannan hanyar. 'Ya'yan itatuwan marble suna da fadi da tsaka-tsalle.
Kwayar 'ya'yan itace zai iya samun launin kirim mai launi ko launin launi kuma ana nuna shi da tsari mai mahimmanci. Yaran suna haske launin ruwan launi kuma suna samuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyi a cikin 'ya'yan itace.
Maganin marble suna da dandano mai dadi da kuma ƙanshi mai dadi kuma suna cikin nau'in kayan zane-zane na pear.
Hoton pears "Marble":
Halaye
Maganin marble yakan fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin na shida zuwa bakwai bayan budding kuma ana halin high yawan amfanin ƙasa. 'Ya'yanta sukan fara samuwa a farkon watan Satumba, kuma lokaci na zamani yana kimanin mako uku zuwa hudu. Ana iya adana 'ya'yan itatuwa daga sittin zuwa saba'in. Suna da matsayi mai yawa na transportability da halaye mai kyau.
Abubuwan da za su iya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa su ne yanayin bushe da kuma gusts na iska, saboda abin da pears zasu iya crumble. Kwangwalin marmara yana nuna yawan sanyi juriya.
Rogneda, Duchess, Sverdlovchanka, Feeriya, Lel da Chizhovskaya suna nuna kyakkyawan juriya.
Daya daga cikin amfanan maruran Marble shine tsayayyar scab, powdery mildew da 'ya'yan itace rot. Ana iya amfani da nau'o'in lu'u-lu'u a matsayin pollinators ga pebbles Marble. Cathedral, Severyanka, Oryol rani da kuma Oryol kyakkyawa.
Dasa da kulawa
Ana ba da shawarar yin shuka a cikin marmaro ko a cikin kaka - kimanin wata daya kafin farkon sanyi. Mafi mahimmanci ga seedlings na wannan itace su ne ƙasa mai laushi.
A cikin wannan ƙasa Ana iya tabbatar da nauyin marble don samar muku da girbi mai kyau, idan kun bi dokoki na kula da ita.
Idan ka yanke shawarar dasa shukin marble a cikin ƙasa mai laka, a cikin rami don dasa shuki ya zama dole ƙara peat, takin kuma kogin yashi babban girman.
Wannan zai ba da damar yin amfani da nau'in shuka don yin amfani da iska. Don ƙasa mai yashi, ya zama dole don amfani da additives irin su humus, peat da takin.
Rashin zurfin ramukan don dasa shuki ya kamata a kalla saba'in santimita, kuma diamita ya zama mita daya. Zai zama mai kyau don tono rami a 'yan kwanaki kafin a sauko da shi. A kasan rami, za ku iya jefa goro husks da tin gwangwani.
Muhimmanci! Idan za ku dasa ƙasa a Marble a wurin da ke kusa da abin da ruwa yake kwance, dole ne ku yi rami don ɗebo wadannan ruwaye, in ba haka ba itacen zai mutu ba.
Don sake yin rigakafi yafi kyau shuka shuka a kan karami. Kusa da Marble Pear zaka iya shuka albarkatu iri iri daban-daban ban da masara da sunflower. Wadannan al'adu masu tsayi masu tsayi sun samo daga ƙasa kusan dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata da itacen pear.
Ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire a kai a kai, kuma taki a shekarar farko na dasa ba dole ba ne don amfani. Tsarin mataye suna buƙatar watering sau da yawa a ko'ina cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani. Yayyafa shi ne hanya mafi kyau na ban ruwa.
Don yin wannan, zaka iya tono tsagi a kusa da kututtukan, wanda zurfi zai zama kimanin goma sha biyar inimita kuma ya zuba ruwa a ciki. Don watering daya mita mita na dasa pear, zaka buƙatar buƙan ruwa biyu ko uku.
Bayan watering, da kuma bayan ruwan sama, wajibi ne a kyauta pristvolny da'ira daga weeds.
A watan Maris, wajibi ne a yayyafa pears, cire tsoffin rassan kuma rage sauran sauran. Wannan zai taimaka wajen hana tsantsar rawanin katako kuma ya zama mai haɓakawa don samuwar sabon buds.
A ƙarshen watan Afrilu, dole ne a yada layin Marble Pear. Dole ne a yi amfani da spraying ta farko a lokacin hutu, wanda zai taimaka kare itacen daga kwari da cututtuka daban-daban. Sanya itace a karo na biyu ya zama lokacin da ya bayyana buds. Don yaduwa, zaka iya amfani da kwayoyi irin su "Fury", "Strobe" da "Inta-Vir".
A watan Mayu, wajibi ne a fara farawa cikin cinikin ƙasa tare da masu amfani da kwayoyi. Domin wannan zaka iya amfani da gishiri, urea, jan karfe sulfate da bayani acid acid. Don itacen girma, wajibi ne don gudanar da farawa - yankan ciyawa a kusa da shi da kuma ciyar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen. Kada ka manta cewa ciyawa da yawa yana tsawa ƙasa. Don shirya itacen don hunturu, za ku iya shuka shukar kore, wanda zai lalace a lokacin kaka ya wadata ƙasa tare da abubuwa masu muhimmanci.
Babban mahimmancin kulawa da pear na marble a lokacin rani shine shayarwa na yau da kullum.
A watan Satumba-Oktoba, yana da kyau don yin wanzuwa da kututtukan, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da yakin jan yumɓu don shawo kan raunuka a kan bishiyoyi. Nuwamba wata kyakkyawan lokaci ne don takin kasar gona.
Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da abubuwa kamar takin, potassium, superphosphate, dolomite, ash, sodium chloride, gishiri da lemun tsami. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a kusa da pear ko kusa da kewaye da kambi.
A cikin watanni na hunturu, ana iya warke bishiyoyi da dusar ƙanƙara don kare su daga daskarewa, kuma matasan shuke-shuke suna bukatar landing hill.
Cututtuka da kwari
Pear marble yana da matukar damuwa zuwa powdery mildew da //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, amma har yanzu yana bukatar wasu matakan kare kariya.
Don yin wannan, a cikin lokacin kaka sai su haƙa rassan da suke kusa da su, ta share su daga ganye da suka fadi, kuma a lokacin bazara suna tsabtace tsohuwar haushi daga bishiyar bishiya, suna sa dakin sabon abu. Don kare katanga daga itace daga rodents, zaka iya amfani da shag ko taba.
Pear marble shi ne nau'i na musamman na amfanin gona. Idan ka bi da ita yadda ya kamata, za ta ba ka kyauta mai kyau da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban sha'awa.
Kada ka manta da cinikin ƙasa da ma'adanai da kuma bishiyoyi don karewa daga cutar da cututtuka. Kula da hankali da yanayin ci gaban itatuwan su, sa'an nan kuma za su yi farin ciki da ku na dogon lokaci.
Wadannan iri suna da alaka da cututtuka: Limonka, Lira, Red-cheeked Northenian, Moscow da kuma Noyabrskaya.
