Gwaje-gwaje-gwaje - daya daga cikin mahayan "mahayan dawakai" na lambu, wasu uku: weeds, yanayin yanayi mara kyau da kuma falsafa. Kuma mummunan wannan lokaci an ɓoye ne a ƙarƙashin kallon kudan zuma mai kyau, wanda yara ke da farin ciki da kuma tsofaffi waɗanda basu da alaƙa da al'amuran dacha. Yana da kyau a faɗi cewa ba adult kwari ba ne wanda ya cutar da kayan lambu, amma maƙunansu, amma wannan ba ya canza yanayin abubuwa, kuma idan ba ku da nufin raba abincinku tare da wadannan masu cin abinci na kabeji, ya kamata ku koyi kadan game da makiya kuma kuyi yadda za ku magance shi. .
Bayyana bayanin
Maganin Karamar Kwari - sananne ne ga yawancin yawan mutanen da ke girma a duniyar duniyar kuma basu buƙatar ƙarin bayani. Dafawa cikin ilmin halitta, zaka iya ƙara cewa cute pest na iyalin whiteflies ne kuma ba kullum yana rayuwa ne a gaban mutane ba, amma har ma a cikin daji, a kan gefen gandun daji, tare da hanyoyi.
Maganin balagaggu na kwari ko imago (malam buɗe ido) ba shi da wata tasiri ga aikin noma da abinci, kamar yadda ya dace da halittu masu ban mamaki, ƙwayoyin furanni, mafi yawancin dandelions, alfalfa ko Sivec.
Abin da ba za a iya fada game da tsarin cigaba ba - kullun. Yana da kullun da yake ciyarwa a kan ɓangaren litattafan almara na farin kabeji, yana barin manyan ramuka a cikin zanen gado a wurin cin abinci.
Koyi yadda za a magance wasu kwari na gona da gonar lambu: aphids, zinariya-sa ido, thrips, felu, May beetles, wasps, tururuwa, haushi ƙwaro, weevil, ƙasa ƙwaro.
Kullun tsuntsu na kabeji yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kamar yadda za'a gani a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa - wani kyakkyawan launi: mai launin shudi mai launin shudi da launin rawaya. An rufe jikinsa da gashin baki, kuma tare da jiki a bangarorin biyu ya shimfiɗa jerin sigogi baki. Wadannan caterpillars sun fi so su ciyar a ƙananan ɓangaren shuka, tun da zafi ya fi ƙasa ƙasa kuma yawan iska yana da ƙananan. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Gaskiyar ita ce kadan sanannun, amma asu caterpillars ne wajen guba. Ga mutane, toxin ba mai hatsari ba ne kuma yana haifar da ciwo ko fatar jiki, amma mutuwar tsuntsaye da suka yi hasarar wadannan kwari sun bace.
Yanayin fasalin rayuwa
Tsawon tsawon rayuwar rayuwa a cikin kullun ya dogara ne akan yanayin yanayin zafi: yawanci ya fi dacewa, saurin kwari yana tasowa, idan yanayin ba shi da kyau, sa'an nan kuma za'a iya jinkirta kwayar cutar don lokaci mai kyau. Alal misali, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kai ƙasa 20 ° C, tsarin yin juyar da katako a cikin hoto zai iya jawo sau uku (daga 13 zuwa 38)! 
A matsakaici, tare da yanayin zafin jiki na 20-26 ° C, ci gaba daga kwai zuwa siffar da mutuwar halitta na kwari yana ɗaukar kwanaki 30-75, lokacin da malam buɗe ido na kwayoyi ya wuce 3 sauyawa da 4 molts.
- A mataki na kwai. Bayan jima'i, mace mai girma tayi daga qwai 200 zuwa 300 a kan gefen gefe don kare su daga bushewa da kuma yiwuwar makiya masu makiya. Qwai suna lemun tsami a launi; elongated, m siffar da girman about about 1.25 mm. Dangane da yanayin iska, shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 5 zuwa 16.
- Matakan Caterpillar Matasa, a gaban molt na farko, kullun suna bambanta da jinsin su na gaba: sun kai kusan 1.7 mm kuma suna da launin launi mai haske, wadda ke zama kyakkyawa kuma ya sa su ba su ganuwa a kan kawunan kabeji. Har ila yau, har sai na biyu na molt, kwari suna kula da kansu, suna ciyar da wuri ɗaya kuma ba su iya motsawa daga wuri.
- 1, 2 molt. A wannan lokaci, caterpillars na rayayye a cikin girman, amma a cikin wasu mutun suna kasancewa ba tare da canji ba. A wannan lokaci, ƙwayoyin ba sa haifar da mummunan lalacewa ga kabeji, suna jin dadi tare da kaddamar da ɓangare na ɓangaren litattafan almara a tushe na ganye.
- 3.4 musa. Bayan ƙurar na uku, kullun yana ƙara yawan girman, ya sami launin kore-launin rawaya kuma zai iya iya motsawa cikin nesa, yana lalata yawan kabeji. A wannan mataki, lalacewa ya haifar da ƙarin sanarwa: ta hanyar ramuka suna fitowa a kan zanen gado, an gurɓata kayan lambu tare da ɓoye ƙwayar cuta. Wasu lokuta, tare da nasara mai karfi, kawai gelawed streaks kasance daga zanen gado na kabeji.
- Baby doll Bayan na karshe, na hudu molt, kullun ya kai iyakar girmanta (50-60 mm.) Kuma bayan ya kasance a cikin wannan jiha na kwanaki 7-10 sai ya fara farawa. A cikin watan Mayu / Yuni na shekara mai zuwa, yawan mutane masu girma suna fitowa daga pupae. Lokaci na wutsiya (jihar red) a cikin butterflies yana da kwanaki 9 zuwa 30. A cikin yankuna dumi, daga 2 zuwa 4 ƙarni na butterflies za a iya bred a cikin kakar daya. Wannan shi ne abin da kabeji-yar tsana-tsalle yake kama da:
Shin kuna sani? Wasu butterflies ba su ciyar da kome - ba su da baki! Kuma waɗannan kwari suna rayuwa ne a kan kuzarin makamashi da aka tara a cikin matakan kullun.
Yadda za a gano kwaro da kuma menene haɗari?
Don gano cutar kwaro a farkon matakan uwagen zai iya yiwuwa ne kawai tare da yin nazarin tushen tushen shugabannin kabeji. Kula da seedlings zasu iya fara a tsakiyar Yuni. A wannan lokaci, buƙatar mayar da hankalin akan ganowa da halakar haɗuwa.
Wannan shine yadda gidan gida yayi kama da. Zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni, abokan gaba zasu yi kama da wannan: 
Ana iya gano Caterpillars a lokacin dubawa, tun a wannan mataki na ci gaban su ba su haifar da mummunar lalacewar shuka ba kuma yana da lafiya. Caterpillars bayan 3-4 molts sune mafi haɗari ga girbi na gaba. Wadannan karin kwari suna da matukar damuwa kuma kayan lambu da aka shafa suna da bayyane sosai, kuma gaban kwari ya wuce shakka. Head shafi furanni furanni: 
Tunda a wannan lokaci caterpillars sun zama mafi yawan aiki, zaka iya ganin su suna yin motsawa cikin yadu a cikin shuka: 
Har ila yau, daya daga cikin wadanda suka gabata ko alamun farko na gaban kabeji na iya tashi sama da al'adun manya daga cikin wadannan kwari.
An yi hasara
Tare da raunuka masu yawa, dodanni na katako suna iya rage yawan amfanin gona, har ma da sa shi ba daidai ba don amfani.
Damage da aka samu ta hanyar amfani da su yana haifar da asarar danshi wanda kayan lambu ke tara. Bisa la'akari da yanayin da zazzabi na kabeji, wanda yanayin zafi na kimanin 20 ° C ya fi dacewa, zafi mai zafi kuma ya karu, saboda lalacewar, evaporation na danshi zai iya haifar da ci gaba da dakatarwa, rasa halayensa, ko ma ya kashe shuka. Kwayoyin cututtuka na halin da ake ciki sun bayyana: rawaya, asarar elasticity, sa'an nan kuma kammala bushewa na zanen gado. 
Amma asarar danshi ba kawai hatsarin ba ne. Damage yana buɗe hanya don kwayoyin halitta da fungi, wadanda suke tabbatar da kammala aikin da kwari ya fara. "Kwayoyi masu ciwo" sun zama marasa tsaro daga irin waɗannan cututtuka kamar launin toka, bacteriosis / necrosis da downy mildew (peronosporiosis).
Mafi yawan kwayoyi na kabeji shine kila.
Yadda za a yakar?
Yi yaƙi da gonar lambu da gonar kwari - wani lokacin da ke haifar da dissonance cikin kowane lambu. Lalle ne, a gefe guda, yawancin mu a cikin gonarmu suna janyo hankalin da damar samun samfuwar yanayi, samfur 100%. Kuma lokacin da ake buƙatar yin amfani da poisons, tsutsotsi na shakkar farawa ya rushe hankalin cin abinci mai kyau tare da kayan "tsabta".
Abin farin cikin, domin an lalatar da kudan zuma, a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje da kuma na lambu, kansu, hanyoyi da yawa na gwagwarmaya. Yana da kyau a yi la'akari da mafi tasiri da lafiya ga lafiyar ɗan adam daga gare su.
Shirye-shirye
Gwargwadon sha'anin lambu sun iya cin nasara irin wadannan kwari kamar Fitoverm, Aktellik da Lepidotsid.
Fitoderm - magani ne na asalin halitta. Abinda yake aiki shi ne muhimmin kayan aiki na kwayoyin da ke zaune a ƙasa. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi suna shafar tsarin jin daɗin kwaro, suna haifar da ciwon kwari da kuma mutuwa. Phytoverm yana da amfani mai yawa, daga cikinsu akwai: a) ayyuka masu yawa (har ma ya yi yaƙi da Colorado, Medvedka, aphids, leafworms, phyto-mites); b) yana da lafiya ga mutane, saboda ba ya tarawa a cikin kyallen takalma na shuka kuma da sauri ya fadi a cikin ƙasa da ruwa. Tsarin aiki yana nufin yana da kyau don gudanar da gaskiyar kasancewar caterpillars, saboda yana da tasiri kawai akan gnawing da tsotsa kwari. Ayyukan Fitoverma zai zama sananne tun bayan sa'o'i 6-8 daga lokacin jiyya. Daga cikin ƙananan abubuwa ana iya lura da cewa duk da yawan ayyuka, kayan aiki na iya barin ƙonewa akan wasu albarkatu, amma yana da lafiya ga kabeji. Yi amfani bisa ga umarnin.
Actellic - Organophosphate magani. Spectrum of action is similar to Fitoverma. Yana kiyaye sakamako na tsaro na tsawon makonni 3-4 bayan jiyya. Tare da samfurin da ya dace, ba mai guba. Da sauri ya fadi bayan ya fadi kan fuskar takarda ko ƙasa. Sakamakon aikace-aikacen yana faruwa a cikin lokaci daga minti daya zuwa 1 awa bayan jiyya. Yi amfani bisa ga umarnin.- Lepidocid - magani ne na asalin halitta. Ayyukan insecticidal yana da zabi sosai, yana shafi kawai wasu nau'i na kwari saboda siffofin morphological. Mai aiki mai aiki - spores da kuma rufe bakin ciki na kwayoyin jikin Bacillus thuringiensis.
A cikin tsirrai na wadannan kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, akwai nau'in gina jiki-protoxin, wanda shine mai soluble kawai a cikin hanji na wasu nau'in kwari. Babu shakka ga lafiyayyu ga mutane da kowane gine-gine. kamar yadda ake buƙata, yana yiwuwa a aiwatar a kowane kakar girma. Bi umarnin.
Fitoderm - magani ne na asalin halitta. Abinda yake aiki shi ne muhimmin kayan aiki na kwayoyin da ke zaune a ƙasa. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi suna shafar tsarin jin daɗin kwaro, suna haifar da ciwon kwari da kuma mutuwa. Phytoverm yana da amfani mai yawa, daga cikinsu akwai: a) ayyuka masu yawa (har ma ya yi yaƙi da Colorado, Medvedka, aphids, leafworms, phyto-mites); b) yana da lafiya ga mutane, saboda ba ya tarawa a cikin kyallen takalma na shuka kuma da sauri ya fadi a cikin ƙasa da ruwa. Tsarin aiki yana nufin yana da kyau don gudanar da gaskiyar kasancewar caterpillars, saboda yana da tasiri kawai akan gnawing da tsotsa kwari. Ayyukan Fitoverma zai zama sananne tun bayan sa'o'i 6-8 daga lokacin jiyya. Daga cikin ƙananan abubuwa ana iya lura da cewa duk da yawan ayyuka, kayan aiki na iya barin ƙonewa akan wasu albarkatu, amma yana da lafiya ga kabeji. Yi amfani bisa ga umarnin.
Actellic - Organophosphate magani. Spectrum of action is similar to Fitoverma. Yana kiyaye sakamako na tsaro na tsawon makonni 3-4 bayan jiyya. Tare da samfurin da ya dace, ba mai guba. Da sauri ya fadi bayan ya fadi kan fuskar takarda ko ƙasa. Sakamakon aikace-aikacen yana faruwa a cikin lokaci daga minti daya zuwa 1 awa bayan jiyya. Yi amfani bisa ga umarnin.
A cikin tsirrai na wadannan kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, akwai nau'in gina jiki-protoxin, wanda shine mai soluble kawai a cikin hanji na wasu nau'in kwari. Babu shakka ga lafiyayyu ga mutane da kowane gine-gine. kamar yadda ake buƙata, yana yiwuwa a aiwatar a kowane kakar girma. Bi umarnin.Yana da muhimmanci! Hanyar sarrafawa dole ne a zaba bisa ga aikin da ake tsammani na ci gaban kwari. Alal misali, ba sa hankalta don yaduwa da amfanin gona idan kwari ba su fito daga qwai ba ko kuma sun riga sun haɗu.
Hanyar halittu da magunguna
Hanyar hanyoyin rayuwa sun hada da yin amfani da kwayoyin kwari da entomophages. Kuma idan tare da kwayoyin kwalliya duk abin da ya fi ko žasa bayyananne, to, entomophages ne sabon ra'ayi a cikin tattalin arzikin gida gida.
Entomophages ne kwari, halitta abokan gaba na lambu karin kwari. Kuma a yanzu labarun kaka na tuna da yadda mai amfani yake amfani da shi, domin yana cin aphids. Tabbas, wannan gwagwarmaya ta zama alama, saboda zai kauce wa farashin poisons, kuma yana da sauƙin sauƙaƙa don saka kayan "tsabta" a kan farantin. Koma shine yadda za a nuna wadannan dabbobin daji masu kyau da wuraren ciyayi tare da adadin caterpillars? Akwai hanya!
Da yake magana akan abokan gaba na kabeji, zaka iya kiran mai hawa Pimpla (Pimpla Fabricius). 
Nazarin da ake amfani da wadannan mahaya, wanda aka gudanar a yankin Kiev a 1944, ya nuna kusan lalacewar launi (95-98%). Manya suna janyo hankulan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, don haka yana da kyau a shuka shuka da sauran albarkatun gona a kusa da kabeji. Wormwood, Mint da tansy zasu tsorata butterflies.
Hanyar mutane Har ila yau, rare.
- Spraying vinegar bayani. 1 tbsp. l / 10 l. ruwa. Yi bayani game da maida hankali da ake so kuma yad da kabeji. Ana kwantar da ƙwayoyin kwari da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, kuma shawaɗɗen abu ne mai girma.
- Soda soda + sabin wanki. A lita 4 na ruwa mun dauki 1 tbsp. l soda burodi da kuma 1 tbsp. l gidan gidaje sabulu. Narke har sai da santsi. Bugu da ƙari, kabeji, kayan aiki yana gwagwarmaya da kwari irin su aphids da gonaki.
- Hankalin tsinkaye. Hanyar hanyar rayuwa mai sauri don magance caterpillars. Gudun ruwa mai laushi zai jawo hankalin da aka yi, wadanda suke abokan gaba ne.
- Ɗaukar ɗaukar hoto. To, babu wanda ya soke irin wannan hanya na gwagwarmaya kamar lalacewa ta injiniya. Tare da dukkanin rashin kuskure, a wasu lokuta, samfurin littattafan shine mafi mahimmanci wajen. Kuma a farkon kakar, lokacin da mason kawai ya bayyana, kadai zai yiwu.
Shin kuna sani? Rashin jinin ƙasar ba wai kawai yanayin halayen dabbobi ba ne. Lurafi ba zai zauna a wurin da wani ya riga ya zauna ba. Ganin irin wannan dabi'a, wasu sukan yi amfani da bawo, suna rataye a jikin itace, wanda ma'abuta manzani suna ganin su suna kama da juna.
Rigakafin
Taimakawa zurfi, wanda zai iya yarda da kwarewar kwarewa da ayyukan masu aikin lambu-lambu waɗanda suka buga hanyoyi masu yawa waɗanda aka tsara don kauce wa lalacewar launi. Komawa daga gaskiyar cewa ba kowa da kowa yana da kyawawan kayan aiki da kayan aiki don aiwatar da makircinsu na kariya ba, yana yiwuwa a rarraba da dama mai yiwuwa, amma babu ƙananan tasiri (har ma da mahimmanci).
- Ruwan ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci don narke da sassauta ƙasa a cikin fall bayan girbi da kafin dasa shuki sabon abu.
- Gonawa daga faduwar shafuka masu tasowa. Ash yayi ƙwaya da ƙasa, ya lalata tsaba da kuma tsire-tsire na cabbages, wanda zai iya zama a ko'ina a yankin dasa.
- Kada ka yarda da girma daga weeds cruciferous, wanda zai zama ƙarin mayar da hankali ga haifuwa da kwari.
- Bambanci na saukowa. Yana da wata sanannun sanannun cewa ba zai yiwu a ajiye wani yanki na ƙasa don amfanin gona daya don tsawon lokaci. Wannan yana haifar da tarawar cututtuka, kwayoyin cuta da kwari.
Kyakkyawan aikin lambu da kuma kulawar kwaro mai kyau zai yi fiye da rabi na aikin da ke hade da kayan lambu masu girma. Yi aiki da hikima da sa'a mai kyau!
