Akwai itatuwan apple da yawa wadanda suka yi rani a lokacin rani. Wadannan sun haɗa da nau'ikan Orlovim masu kyau. Itacen bishiya na wannan iri-iri yana da jagorancin itatuwan marmari. A cikin wannan labarin zamu magana game da itacen apple "Orlovim", ba da bayanin irin wadannan iri-iri tare da hotuna, kazalika da dubawa game da lambu.
Tarihin kiwo
A shekara ta 1977, a Cibiyar Harkokin Tsarin Kasuwanci ta Rasha-Rasha, wannan nau'i-nau'i ne aka yalwata ta hanyar tsallaka Antonovka tare da sapling na SR0523. Mun gode wa masana kimiyya Z.M. Serova, V.V. Zhdanov da E.N. Sedov, itace apple "Orlovim" ya bayyana. An ci gaba da shi don Tsakiya ta tsakiya, amma daga bisani wannan iri-iri ya girma a yankunan tsakiya.
Nau'in iri-iri
Wannan itace yana da amfani mai yawa. Amma kuma akwai wasu abubuwa mara kyau. Ana iya gani wannan ta hanyar nazarin halaye na iri-iri. 
Shin kuna sani? Apples suna tonic - daya 'ya'yan itace zai iya maye gurbin kopin kofi.
Bayanin itace
Tree srednerosloy, ya kai wani tsawo na 5 m. Zauren zane ko bristled yana da nauyin yawa. Babban rassan suna da wuya a samo su. Twisted harbe, tashi daga gangar jikin kusan a kusurwar dama. A haushi a kan manyan rassan da akwati ne haske launin ruwan kasa da kuma peeling. Ganye na bishiya suna da matsakaici, wrinkled, kore haske tare da tinge. Kwayoyi akan su basu da kyau. Ganyayyaki suna da tsalle-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsalle, suna da rubutun kalmomi kuma dan kadan ya ƙare. Takaddun kayan takarda, adadi, dan kadan a ƙasa, suna da launi. Leafs ne matsakaici tare da kadan hairiness. Buds a itacen guga man, elongated. Furen su ne manyan, kodadde ruwan hoda, mai siffar saucer.
Bincika yawancin irin itatuwan apple: Uralets, Pepin Saffron, Shugaba, Champion, Bashkir Beauty, Berkutovskoe, Currency, Sun, Northern Synaph, Candy, Ranetki, Semerenko, Uslada da Melba.
Hoto Bayanan
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne na matsakaici. Su ne santsi da m. Ɗaya daga cikin apple zai iya auna daga 130 zuwa 180 g. 'Ya'yan itatuwa sune launin rawaya, suna da haske mai launin ja da tsummoki mai laushi. Apples suna da girma guda ɗaya, suna da siffar tsararraki mai laushi, daɗaɗɗɗa dan kadan kaɗan. Jiki yana da haske, mai launi mai launin ruwan mai, mai tsananin gaske, tare da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Daɗin dandano 'ya'yan itace ne mai dadi da m. 
Ruwan jini
Wannan iri-iri yana samobesplodny. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne don dasa nau'o'in nau'in pollinating akan shafin, irin su Pepin Saffron, Anis Scarlet, da kuma Welsey. Idan irin waɗannan nau'o'in ba su yi girma a kan mãkirci ba, gyaran gyare-gyare na wucin gadi yana da muhimmanci don kirki mai kyau. Mun gode wa masu binciken masana'antu, an gudanar da shi a matsayin mafi cancantar samun nasara. Idan kun yi amfani da pollen na irin 'ya'yan apples, wannan yana inganta ingancin' ya'yan itatuwa da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Gestation lokacin
Apples sun fara a ƙarshen Agusta.
Yawo
Itacen itace yana bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekaru 4 bayan dasa. Wata ƙwayar itace ta kai kimanin kilo 80 na 'ya'yan itace, mai girma - fiye da kilo 100. 
Transportability da ajiya
Ba'a adana apples a lokacin bazara na dogon lokaci - ba fiye da wata ɗaya ba, idan ka lura da yawan zazzabi, don haka ana dauke su da talauci.
Winteriness hardiness
Wadannan bishiyoyi suna da kyawawan hunturu. Suna iya jure yanayin zafi zuwa -35 ° C.
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Orlov ne mai tsayayya ga scab da sauran cututtuka na fungal saboda gwanin Vm.
Aikace-aikacen
An adana 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa don dogon lokaci, don haka al'amarin za su sa su juices da jams. 
Yadda zaka zaba seedlings lokacin sayen
Zai fi kyau sayen seedlings a lambun lambu ko wuraren noma:
- Kyakkyawan seedling ya kamata ba da ganye;
- haushi kada a bushe;
- itacen bai kamata ya lalace ba;
- Tushen dole ne lafiya da girma. Fresh tushen bayan scraping tare da ƙusa yana da farin itace;
- yana da kyau don ba da fifiko ga ɗayan shekaru guda;
- ƙwarƙashin ƙarƙashin ƙuƙashin itacen lafiya yana da haske.
Yana da muhimmanci! A kan gangar jikin bazai kasancewa bazuwa, girma - wannan na iya nuna alamar cutar.
Dokoki don dasa shuki apple seedlings
Kafin ka dasa itacen apple, kana buƙatar sanin lokacin dasa, kazalika da zaɓar wuri mai kyau. 
Mafi kyau lokaci
An bada shawarar shuka itace lokacin da ƙasa ta warke sosai kuma babu yiwuwar komawar sanyi zai hallaka ta. Ana yin hakan a farkon watan Mayu. Amma yawancin lambu sun fi son dasa shuki, dasa shuki seedlings a tsakiyar Oktoba.
Zaɓi wuri
Land don dasa shuki ya kamata a daɗa shi sosai kuma a kwantar da shi. Rashin ruwa bai kamata ya kasance kusa da farfajiyar - zurfin abin da ke faruwa ba shine ƙasa da m 2. Idan akwai barazanar ci gaba da ambaliya, ana dasa bishiyoyi a kan tudu ko amfani da ruwa. "Orlov" ya fi son sako-sako da, yalwa mai yatsa ko loam, yana da rauni sosai.
Shirin mataki na Stepwise
Idan an dasa itacen apple a cikin bazara, dole ne a shirya cakuda ƙasa don watanni 3, kuma idan a cikin fall - na watanni shida. Sun shirya rami game da 60 cm fadi, kuma zurfin ya kamata kimanin 80 cm A lokacin da yake digo wani rami, dole ne a saka lakabin saman ƙasa a daya hanya da kuma kashin ƙasa a wani. Daga baya, kasan ramin ya narke kuma ya zuba cikin saman ƙasa. An hade ƙasa mai laushi tare da takin (3 buckets), ash ash (700 g), ƙwayar ma'adinai (1 kg), lemun tsami (300 g). Ana zuba dukan cakuda cikin rami.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tabbatar tabbatar da lokaci na shirye-shiryen rami - idan takin mai magani ba su da lokaci zuwa lalacewa, to wannan zai iya cutar da itacen.Shirin mataki-mataki na dasa shuki apple:
- Kafin dasa shukiyar itace, duba tushen sa. Dole ne a yalwata ƙarancin duhu ko lalacewa tare da shears.
- A cikin rami wanda ya riga ya shirya, kana buƙatar yin rami game da 70 cm, kuma girmansa ya dace da diamita daga tushen.
- Lokacin da dasa shuki da yawa bishiyoyi, ya kamata a bi zuwa nisa tsakanin seedlings of about 3 m, kuma tsakanin layuka - 5 m.
- A kasan rami na duniya zaka bukaci ka gina tudu wanda tushen bishiya ya shimfida.
- Sapling safa yafa masa a ko'ina a gefuna na rami. Ƙaƙashin wuyansa ya kamata sama da ƙasa a 7 cm.
- Sa'an nan kuma yana da daraja ramming ƙasa a sama.
- Kana buƙatar yin ƙananan ƙananan ciki tare da kewaye da ramin - wannan zai taimaka riƙe da danshi.
- Ƙasa a kusa da itacen yana mulched tare da sawdust ko peat.
- Wajibi ne a shayar da itace 3 buckets na ruwa.
- Don haka itace ba ya lanƙwasa kuma ya karya, ana iya ɗaura shi zuwa tsaka, wanda aka saka a gaba a nesa kusan kimanin 5 cm daga gindin itacen.
Hanyoyi na kula da kayan lambu na apple
Domin samun girbi mai kyau kowace shekara, ya kamata ku kula da itacen apple.
Shin kuna sani? Dangane da fasahar archaeological, an san cewa mutane sunyi amfani da apples a matsayin abinci tun 6500 BC. er
Watering, weeding da loosening
Idan ba ruwan sama ba, ya kamata a shayar da itace sau 3 a wata. A tsakiyar watan Agusta, an dakatar da ruwa. Har ila yau, tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushe kewaye da itacen apple. Bayan watering shi loosened. Weeding ne da za'ayi don kawar da weeds.
Matsayin da ciyawa
Ƙididdigar ƙwayar ruwa a cikin kaka na humus - yana yin ƙarin kariyar sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar ba ta ƙyale ƙwayar da za ta ci gaba da yin amfani da shi don adana ruwan in cikin ƙasa. 
Top dressing
A cikin shekara ta farko, itacen apple bai buƙatar takin ba. Daga shekara ta biyu ya kamata a hadu da shi akalla sau 3 a kowace kakar. A karo na farko (a cikin tsakiyar watan Afrilu), lokacin da ke kewaya kewaye da ganga, 500 g na urea, 40 g na nitroammophoska, 30 g na nitrate, da kuma 4 buckets takin an gabatar.
Ana ciyar da wannan abinci a lokacin flowering: potassium sulphate (400 g), superphosphate (0.5 kg), urea (250 g) an diluted a lita 100 na ruwa. Dole ne a sanya wannan bayani a cikin mako daya. Suna shayar da itacen a bushe.
Bayan wata daya bayan itacen bishiya ya fara fure, ana amfani da takin mai magani na uku: nitrophoska (500 g), sodium mai zafi (10 g) an narkar da shi a cikin 100 na ruwa. Kowane itace yana buƙatar buƙata 3 na wannan bayani.
A lokacin rani ya fi dacewa wajen gudanar da miya ta foliar ta yin amfani da urea bayani don spraying. Zaka kuma iya amfani da mahallin ma'adinai, kamar "Nutrivant Plus", "Kemira Lux", "Akvarin". 
Yin rigakafi
Don hana abin da ya faru na cututtuka da kwari, ya kamata hana:
- Don halakar da ƙwayoyin kwari da wasu cututtukan fungal, ana yad da itacen apple har sai an kwashe buds tare da bayani na blue vitriol da wani bayani na urea. Dole ne a maimaita jiyya tare da wannan mafita bayan kwanaki 15.
- A lokacin flowering, ana yadu itace tare da cakuda Bordeaux da karbofos bayani. Bayan kwana 20, dole a maimaita magungunan.
- Shekaru 30 kafin girbi, ya kamata a yi amfani da spraying ta amfani da bayani na anabasin.
Don samun girbi mai albarka na apples, karanta abin da za a yayyafa itacen apple daga kwari.
Ƙwarewa da kafa kambi
Ka yi la'akari da lokacin da ya wajaba don tumɓuke itacen apple. Lokaci mai dacewa don wannan an dauke shi da bazara da kaka (bayan ganye sun fadi). 
Dokoki masu tasowa:
- Dole ne ku yi amfani da kayan aikin sana'a;
- lalacewa da rassan rassan ya kamata a yanke shi zuwa itacen lafiya;
- Hemp ne mafi alhẽri kada ku bar. Ya kamata a sa yanke a wani kusurwa a saman reshe ko koda;
- idan yanke yana da girma, to, ana bi da ita tare da filin farar ƙasa.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Kafin ingancin sanyi, hawan itacen yana tsabtace gashinsa, lichen da kuma magance matsalolin yankunan da jan karfe sulphate. Yi horo pruning, cire rassan lalacewa. Gilashi yana bukatar ya zama mai tsabta, kuma ya kamata a kula da raunuka da raunuka tare da filin farar lambu. Ƙasa ƙarƙashin itacen da aka watsar da lalacewa, an ƙone ƙasa, sa'an nan kuma aka yi masa takin. Fir rassan iya zama ƙarin kariya daga sanyi da kwari. Su ko tolyom zai iya rufe gangar jikin itacen apple. 
Sakamakon "Orlovy" ba shi da kyau a cikin namo da barin. A 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da kyau bayyanar da dandano mai kyau. Saboda haka, wannan nau'i mai yawa yana da kyau a tsakanin masu amfani.
