Abutilon kyakkyawa ne daga cikin dangin Malvaceae. Itatuwanta na busassun furanni suna haɗe ganye mai ɗigo tare da manyan furanni masu kararrawa. A rayuwar yau da kullun, zaku iya samun sunan "motar USB", "maple na cikin gida" ko "maple ropes". Hakanan akwai sunan fure mai farin ciki, saboda kallo daya zaiyi matukar kara yanayi. Homelandasar mahaifar tsiro tana da wurare masu zafi da kuma sassan duniya gabaɗaya. Abutilon kuma yana jin daɗi a gida. Abu ne mai sauki ka kula, amma sanin wasu sirrin zai ba ka damar kula da bayyanar ado na bushes ya fi tsayi.
Bayanin Shuka
Abutilon itace shuki mai tsayi ko ƙaramin itace. Tsawon koda koda na cikin gida na iya wuce mita biyu. M mai tushe reshe mai ƙarfi daga tushe. An lullube harbe-fure masu launin shuɗi-m.
Kusan dukkan tsayin danshi mai tushe sune ganyayen fure na gaba na fure mai haske na monophonic mai launi. Hakanan ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan abutilon. Ko da a cikin dwarf tsire-tsire, faranti na ganye na iya isa tsawon cm 10-20 Kowane ɗayansu ya ƙunshi ruwan wukake 3-5 tare da sassaka gefen sassaka.
A lokacin furanni, an cika bushes da manyan furanni masu haske. Yana yin fure mai ban sha'awa wanda galibi ana nuna shi a cikin hoto azaman ado mai ban sha'awa na ciki. Singleayanta guda ko tara a cikin inflorescences buds sun haɗa da furanni biyar daban-daban, ana fentin fararen, ja, lemo ko rawaya. A cikin tsakiyar manyan karrarawa shine ainihin ci gaba a cikin nau'i na shafi wanda an rufe da anthers. Abutilon fure a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban a lokuta daban-daban na shekara kuma yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci.
Iri Abutilon
Gabaɗaya, yanayin Maple abutilon yana da jinsuna sama da ɗari. Don namo cikin gida, ana amfani da abubuwa masu zuwa.
Abutilon mai ruwan innabi. Itace mai yaduwa zuwa har zuwa 1.5 m da tsayi tare da kafa, pubescent mai tushe. Manyan ƙananan ganye har zuwa 15 cm a tsawon suma an rufe su da tari mai laushi kuma ana fentin su a cikin kore mai haske. Furanni suna bayyana a watan Mayu. Babban corollas na fure guda shine shuɗi ko lavender a launi tare da cibiyar sadarwa mai duhu ta veins.
Meutipotamian Abutilon. Shootsasassuwan da aka harzuka suna kafa wata itaciya mai tsalle kuma tana cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren. Wide lanceolate ganye suna da launi mai duhu da kuma gefen tazara. Tsawon farantin ganye ba ya wuce cm 8. flowersauran furanni a sifa sun yi kama da kunkuntar karrarawa akan doguwar falo. An rufe zanen ɗumbin launuka masu launin shuɗi. Daga garesu an bayyanar da furannin rawaya mai haske. A tsakiyar babban takarda tare da anhs da kuma shafi na ovary. Zazzagewa na iya ci gaba a duk shekara.
Abutilon Bella. A shuka Forms karamin karamin daji tare da kambi mai yawa sosai. Capaunar manyan furanni masu launin rawaya, ruwan hoda ko jan launi yana buɗewa fiye da ƙananan koren duhu kore.
Abutilon yana da dabara. Tsakiya mai sikelin-tsakiyar rufe duhu kore ganye. A kan madaidaiciyar brownish harbe located dogon-leaved Maple ganye. Tsawon ganye yakai cm 10 cm. An rufe murfin da ganyayyaki da rigar taushi. Karin furenn furanni har zuwa 5 cm a diamita ana zanen su a rawaya, ruwan lemo da sautunan burgundy.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na cikin gida ana iya aiwatar dasu ta hanyoyin iri da tsire-tsire. Tare da launi iri ɗaya na ganye, yana yiwuwa a yi girma a cikin tsaba. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar ƙetare tsire-tsire tare da furanni masu launi daban-daban. Offspringa resultingan da suka biyo baya na iya gado halayen iyaye a cikin mafi yawan haɗuwa.
Girma abutilon daga tsaba a gida yana farawa da shuka iri. A watan Maris-Afrilu, an rarraba ƙananan tsaba a cikin manyan kwalaye tare da cakuda yashi. Bai kamata a zurfafa su sama da cm 0.5 ba. Don hana ƙasa bushewa, an rufe greenhouse da fim kuma ana kiyaye shi da zazzabi na + 16 ... +20 ° C. Bayan makonni 3, harbe masu farauta suna bayyana, waɗanda ke haɓaka da sauri. Bayan wata daya, sukan dauko tsiran tsirrai a cikin tukwane daban. A lokacin bazara, ana bada shawara don dasa shuki a cikin manyan kwantena sau biyu.
Don adana haruffan varietal, musamman ga tsire-tsire iri iri, yi amfani da hanyar daskarar da itace. A cikin bazara, zaɓi ƙaƙƙarfan apical 10-12 cm mai tsayi, wanda akan 3 ganye masu girma suna nan. Buds tare da peduncles suna buƙatar yanke. Abutilon shuka na iya zama tushe a cikin yashi mai yashi mai laushi ko a ruwan dumi. Ya kamata iska ta kasance cikin iska lokacin lokacin rooting ya kamata + 20 ... +22 ° C. Zai fi kyau a rufe hannun da hula, amma a kai a kai iska. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna ɗaukar tushe cikin wata guda, bayan haka za a iya dasa su cikin ƙananan tukwane daban.
Kulawar Gida
Furen Abutilon ba mai tsananin buƙata ba ne a cikin kulawa, a gida yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi mai santsi da haske. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan hasken yanayi a cikin shekara. Haske yana ba da ciyawar tazara ta musamman kuma tana inganta tsawon fure. Ya kamata a sanya busassun a cikin ɗakunan kudu a wasu nesa daga taga, kazalika a kan windowsills da gabas da yamma. A cikin hunturu, kuna buƙatar haskaka shuka tare da fitila ta musamman.
Ko da a lokacin rani, zazzabi iska kusa da abutilone kada ya tashi sama da +25 ° C. A cikin zafi, kuna buƙatar kwantar da ɗakin sau da yawa ko kuma bijirar tukwane a cikin iska mai kyau. Dankin yana buƙatar kariya daga zayyanawa da canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. A cikin hunturu, an yarda da ɗan kwantar da hankali, amma ba ƙasa da + 12 ... +15 ° C, in ba haka ba ganyayyaki zasu fara faɗi.
A gida, ƙasa a ƙarƙashin abin kusan kullun tana da laushi, sabili da haka, samfuran cikin gida ya kamata a shayar dasu sau da yawa kuma a yalwace. Don yin amfani da ban ruwa ya zauna, amma ba a dafa ruwa ba. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci abubuwan ganowa. Daga fari, discikin abutilon ba kawai ganye ba ne, har ma da fure-fure. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a hankali, lokacin da ruwa ya tsaya a cikin tukunya da kwanon rufi, m da sauri yana haɓakawa kuma tushen ya lalace. Ta hanyar hunturu, kamar yadda yawan zafin jiki ya saukad da, ƙarar dakin ya kamata a shayar da shi sau da yawa saboda ƙasa ta sami lokacin bushewa.
Abutilon yana buƙatar iska mai laushi. Ya kamata koyaushe a fesa shi kuma a kwaba shi da pebbles rigar da aka sanya a nan kusa. Idan gidan yana da akwatin kifin ko marmaro, zai fi kyau a sanya tukwane kusa da su. Sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 1-2 yana da amfani a yi wanka da shuka a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka mai laushi. Tsakanin wanka, sau da yawa kuna buƙatar wanke ƙurar daga ganye tare da zane mai bushe.
Abutilon da sauri yana haɓaka kambi kuma ya cika fure, sabili da haka, yana buƙatar ciyarwa na yau da kullun. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a kowane ranakun 10-14 daga farkon Afrilu har zuwa ƙarshen fure. Anyi shawarar musanya abubuwan gona da na ma'adinai. Tabbas suna hutu don hunturu.
Don kiyaye kambi kyakkyawa, a cikin bazara kana buƙatar datsa. A farkon Maris, mai tushe suna rage ta aƙalla na uku. Buds yawanci ana kafa su a ƙarshen harbe a kaikaice, don haka kar a ji tsoron rashin fure bayan yankan.
Dokokin Canje-canje
Ana yin jujjuyawar jujjuyawar a shekara a farkon bazara, sannu a hankali yana ƙara tukunya. Kawai tsoffin tsire-tsire ne ake dasa su a kowace shekara 2-3. Wiwi yakamata ya zama mai zurfi don ba da izinin sararin samaniya ga asalinsu. An zaɓi ƙasa tare da ƙananan acidity. Yana iya haɗawa:
- share yashi da perlite;
- peat mai ƙarancin ƙasa;
- takarda ƙasa;
- m ƙasa.
Domin kada ku lalata rhizome, yi amfani da hanyar warware matsalar laka ta laka. Ba dole ba ne a zubar da kayan masarufi (baƙaƙen, yumɓu, yumɓu na yumɓu) a ƙarshen tanki.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Abutilon ba ta da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, amma ban da tushen rot. Wasu matsaloli sun taso saboda rashin kulawa:
- ganyayen ganye da kuma tushe mai tushe daga kasa yana nuna cikakken hasken haske;
- zubar da ganye tare da buds na faruwa tare da tsaftataccen daskararren ruwa ko shayi na al'ada;
- ya bushe bushe daga gefen a cikin dakin da ya bushe sosai ko kuma rashin isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa.
Wani lokaci akan kambi zaka iya samun aphids, whiteflies, mites, scabies ko mealybugs. Saurin isa don magance cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, magungunan kashe kwari na zamani suna taimakawa.
