Gooseberries suna da ƙoshin lafiya. A lokaci guda, masu lambu suna ƙoƙarin neman iri-iri waɗanda zasu ba da girbi mai kyau tare da ƙanana da girma, kuma a lokaci guda waɗanda ke kula da amfanin gona ya ƙanƙanta. Guarberi Ural Emerald ya cika duk waɗannan buƙatu. Yana ba da kyakkyawan girbi kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai zurfi.
Asalin tarihi
Cikakken sunan wannan samfuri mai daɗin gaske shine farkon salatin Ural emerald. Wani lokacin sukan kara - kore mai duhu, wanda, duk da haka, ya fi dacewa da ganyayyaki, kuma ba ga berries ba. An buga nau'in iri-iri ta hanyar tsallake irin su Nugget da Minan fari Minusinsk.
Guzberi Ural emerald: duba gabaɗaya
Guzberi iri-iri An kirkiro Urald ne kai tsaye a Chelyabinsk, kuma an buge shi musamman don yanayin Yammacin Siberiya tare da tsananin sanyi. Amma a wasu yankuna, irin wannan nau'in zai ji kyakkyawan kyau.
Halayen bushes
Gualberi Emerald Ural an san shi ne da matsakaitan tsayi. Suna bayar da adadi mai yawa na harbe, amma ana ɗaukarsu low-baza. Kodayake a gaba ɗaya waɗannan tsire-tsire suna da haɗari ga kambin, saboda haka sarewar yanayi na da muhimmanci.
A cikin bazara, manyan furanni masu ruwan hoda a buɗe akan bushes. Wannan na faruwa sosai da wuri, don haka fure gooseberries jawo hankalin farkon pollinators zuwa gonar. Wadannan ba ƙudan zuma ne kawai ba, har ma da bumblebees.
Mahimmanci! Rassan bushes suna rufe da wajen kaifi spikes tare da tsawon tsawon. Don haka dole ne masu lambu suyi tunani ta hanyar kariya sosai game da waɗannan ƙaya don girbi. An shawarci manoma da ke da gogewa da amfani da kwalayen filastik, an yanke su a ɓangarorin biyu don saukakawa.
Bushes na wannan iri-iri ana rufe shi da ganye biyar-lobed masu girma dabam, galibi - duhu kore. Suna da daskararren yanayi, suna da kyan gani.
Halayen berries
Guzberi Emerald - wannan wani suna ne don ire-iren Emiali da yawa. Ya shahara da bada ingantaccen amfanin gona - har zuwa kilogiram 6 na berries. Bugu da ƙari, yana da manyan berries, nauyin 'ya'yan itace ɗaya yana kan matsakaicin 7.5 g' Ya'yan 'ya'yan itacen sun bambanta ta hanyar elongated siffar da santsi fata. Bugu da kari, suna da halayyar kore mai kyau, godiya ga wanda suka sami sunan su.
Fasali Fasali
Babban fa'idodin ire-ire iri shine babban yawan amfaninsa da juriya ga dalilan gurɓatar muhalli.
Ripening zamani da yawan amfanin ƙasa
Farkon itace yana faruwa shekaru 3-4 bayan dasa shuki. Dankin zai ba da babban amfanin gona na tsawon shekaru 15-20 bayan wannan. Wannan nau'ikan yana nuna shi ne ta hanyar fashewa da wuri - wannan yana faruwa a farkon watan Yuli, kuma a kudu kaɗan a baya.
Berries guzberi
Ko da a cikin yanayin arewa mai wahala da m, yawan amfanin wannan nau'in yana daga kilogiram 2 zuwa 5 a kowane daji. Amma a cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, alal misali, yankin na Moscow, zai iya kaiwa kilogiram 6 kg.
Mahimmanci! Don samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa, gogaggen lambu shawara shawara dasa nan kusa guzberi bushes na iri Beryl ko Kwamandan.
Ku ɗanɗani halaye
Berries na wannan iri-iri suna da dandano mai daɗi da m, yana da al'ada ga masu lambu da masu shayarwa don kiran irin wannan kayan zaki.
Kamfar ruwa da juriya
Wannan iri-iri na yin haƙuri da fari. Amma mafi kyawun fasalin shine babban tsananin hunturu, tunda aka bunkasa shi don Urals da Yammacin Siberiya tare da mawuyacin yanayi. Zai iya jure yanayin sauƙin sanyi har zuwa -37 ° C.
Resistance da cututtuka da kwari
Gooseberries Ural emerald yana da fasalin mahimmanci - yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka halayyar nau'ikan gooseberries, irin su anthracnose da mildew powdery. Bugu da kari, wannan nau'in kwari ba ya shafar kwari kamar su sawin bishiyar Pine da malam buɗe ido ba.
Yin amfani da Berry
Waɗannan berries suna da kyau kuma suna da albarkatu. Amma ko da daga wannan iri-iri ne brewed abin da ake kira "sarauta jam".
Guzberi jam
Guzberi Emerald, bayanin wanda aka gabatar a sama, yana da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Abubuwan da ya ƙunsa suna dauke da daidaitattun ma'aurata na carbohydrates - sun ƙunshi kawai 9,3% sugars, amma har yanzu 'ya'yan itacen suna da dandano mai daɗi. Bugu da kari, suna dauke da kaso 2.2% na acid na kwayoyin, kazalika da pectins, wadanda ke tasiri cikin narkewar abinci, tannins, bitamin da ma'adanai.
Ban sha'awa! Nazarin sun tabbatar da ikon berries na wannan nau'in don cire gubobi da radionuclides daga jiki.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da kuma rashin amfani na Ural emerald iri-iri
Wannan iri-iri yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:
- rayarwa da wuri, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga yankuna na arewacin;
- kyakkyawan aiki, kuma ana iya cire 'ya'yan itaciyar cikin sauki, kar a fada rassa na dogon lokaci;
- mai kyau mai ladabi ɗanɗano daga cikin berries kansu;
- isar da kai, wanda ke nuna cewa baya buƙatar zaɓi maƙasudan ƙa'idodi na musamman;
- jure cututtuka da kwari gama gari ga wannan nau'in shrub.
Babban hasara na iri-iri shine saurin saurin kambi, yana buƙatar kulawa sosai, da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaya. A gefe guda, da iri-iri mai ƙarancin haske bazai iya nuna irin fari da juriya mai daskarewa ba.
Dasa matasa seedlings a shafin
Gabaɗaya, ana yin shuka ne kamar yadda dasa wasu nau'ikan, amma akwai lambobi da yawa waɗanda ya kamata ku sani game da su.
Zabi da kuma shirya na seedlings
Don dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar zaɓi tsararren ƙwayoyin lafiya mai inganci. Zai fi kyau saya su a cibiyoyin ko manyan gonaki waɗanda suka kware a cikin narkar da wannan nau'in.
Lokaci da tsarin saukowa
Tun da wannan nau'ikan ana ɗaukar yaduwar matsakaici, yana yiwuwa dasa shuki da yawa a bushes guda kusa da juna, ba za su tsoma baki tare da ci gaban tsirrai ba. Haka kuma, tare da aikin kai-da-kai, za a samu yawo a cikin jiki, kuma wannan zai kara yawan aiki.
Ban sha'awa! Mafi kyawun lokacin don wannan ana la'akari da kaka, kuma a tsakiyar Rasha wannan shine lokacin daga ƙarshen Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba. Amma, hakika, kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali ba kawai akan kalanda ba, har ma kan hasashen yanayi. Ya kamata a dasa busassun kafin farkon farkon sanyi (a cikin makonni uku). Don haka suna da lokaci don ɗauka sosai kuma su tsira da hunturu daidai.
Zabi wurin sauka
Wannan iri-iri guzberi fi son bude da kuma lit-da wurare. Koyaya, yana da tsayayya da tsauraran zafin jiki da iska, don haka zaɓar madaidaicin shafin don hakan ba shi da wahala. Iyakar abin da wahala ita ce, wannan guzberi ne picky game da ƙasa, kuma mai kyau amfanin gona za a iya samu a sako-sako da loam.
Amma matakin zafi ya kamata ya zama matsakaici. Sabili da haka, ba a ba da shawarar shuka bushes a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe ba. A kan tuddai, mai shuka ba shi da isasshen danshi, amma duk ya dogara da takamaiman yanayin.
Shirya shafin
Musamman shirye-shiryen dasa ba lallai bane. Sai dai in a wurin ruwan ruwan ya yi yawa. A irin waɗannan halayen, idan ba zai yiwu a dasa daji a kan tudu ba, dole ne a shirya wani abu kamar gado na 40-50 cm tsayi da faifai a siffar - 70x70 cm ko ma fiye, 80x80 cm.
Ba kwa buƙatar tono rami mai zurfi, sai dai idan makirci ne tare da ƙasa mara kyau. Sannan wani ɓangare na ramin (kusan sulusin shi) yana cike da takin gauraye da humus da topsoil. Amma ash a lokacin shuka ba ya cutar da shi, komai yawan dukiyar ƙasa.
Tsarin ƙasa
An saukar da seedling cikin rami da aka shirya, Tushensa yana daidaita kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa daga sama. Tushen tushe yakamata ya faɗi 5-7 cm a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, kawai sai ƙarin Tushen zai iya kafa al'ada. Bayan dasawa, ana shayar da daji da ruwa.
Siffofin kulawa na yanayi
Tun da yake wannan nau'in yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari, babban kulawa yana da alaƙa da shayarwa, mulching da kwance ƙasa, cire ciyayi da ke girma a kusa da daji, lokaci-lokaci da takin mai magani da kuma girki na lokaci-lokaci.
Watering da ciyar
Wannan iri-iri yana buƙatar shayarwa matsakaici saboda fari ne mai haƙuri. Manyan riguna na zamani yana da matukar muhimmanci, amma amfanin takin yana da abubuwan da ke faruwa. Misali, a lokacin bazara, ana amfani da takin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa, zaku iya amfani da urea, wanda kawai ke warwatse a ƙarƙashin daji kafin dusar ƙanƙara ta narke gaba ɗaya.
Ban sha'awa! A cikin lokacin furanni na daji, kuna buƙatar bincika ganyenta, kuma idan sun kasance babba, to, ba za ku iya yin takin mai magani ba, ƙwayoyin potash da phosphorus ne kawai. Idan girma na harbe ya kasance karami, to, zaku iya ƙara ɗan ƙaramin nitrogen, amma an yi wannan da taka tsantsan don kada berries ɗin ya tara nitrates.
Autumn saman miya zai taimaka wa bushes mafi kyau tsira hunturu. A wannan lokacin, ana amfani da takin potash da phosphorus.
Mulching da namo
An girka daji da ciyawa da ciyawa. Loosening na kasar gona ne da za'ayi a kai a kai, da kuma weeding na weeds, wanda kawai ganimar bayyanar da kuma dauke abubuwan gina jiki daga shuka.
Amfani da props
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ba sa amfani da tallafi, tunda bushes yayi dan kadan, tare da manyan rassan da suke tsayayya da iska.
Jiyya na hanawa
Tun da wannan shuka yana tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari, ƙarin magani ba lallai ba ne, ya isa a bi ka'idodin kulawa da asali.
Mai jan tsami
Tun da wannan iri-iri ne musamman yiwuwa ga thickening kambi, yana bukatar pruning. Lokaci-lokaci ka cire wadancan harbe wadanda ana iya kiransu superfluous. Bugu da kari, kuna buƙatar datsa tsoffin rassan, wanda ya bambanta a cikin inuwa mai duhu. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin ya kamata a aiwatar da su a farkon bazara, tun lokacin da aka fara girma da wannan nau'in ya fara da wuri sosai.
Ban sha'awa! Madadin, zaku iya jinkirta pruning har zuwa ƙarshen bazara.
Shirye-shiryen hunturu
Tun da yake dusar ƙanƙara ce mai tsaurin sanyi, ba lallai ba ne don rufe ta don hunturu, ya riga ya jure da irin waɗannan yanayi.
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na hanyoyin yaɗa gooseberries, gami da ƙwaya, rarraba mahaifiyar daji, saka filawa, har ma da tsirrai da rassan perennial. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu sauƙin ɗauka ana ɗauka su zama yankuna ne da yaduwa ta hanyar farashi.
Gudaberi iri
Yankan
Wannan hanyar ba ta shahara kamar hadawa, amma zaka iya amfani dashi. Don ƙwaya, zaɓi lokacin da ci gaban harbe ya tsaya. Wannan na faruwa ne a tsakiyar tsakiyar watan Yuli, da wuya daga baya. Idan ana aiwatar da daskarar nan da nan ko kuma kusa da ƙarshen lokacin bazara, sannan sababbin tsire-tsire suna ɗaukar tushe mafi muni.
Maimaitawa
Mafi mashahuri zaɓi shine haifuwa ta hanyar kwance kwance. An dauke hanya mafi kyau don shekaru uku zuwa hudu bushes. Amfanin sa shine cewa daga daji guda zaka iya samun 10ing, ya dace da yaduwar sa. Zai fi kyau halartar zaɓin kayan a watan Maris, don samun lokaci don yin wannan kafin a buɗe furannin.
Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa
Kamar yadda ake zaba, ana zaɓan Tushen tushen shekara-shekara, ana ɗaukar su da fasali daga dukkan bangarorin daji, sannan kuma an shafe su da furcin da aka riga aka shirya, zurfin wanda yake santimita 10. A lokaci guda, rassan harbi dole ne su kasance tare da ƙasa, gami da tushe a inda ake haɗe da su zuwa daji.
Mahimmanci! An yayyafa su tare da ƙasa kawai lokacin da buds suka bayyana akan harbe.
Kwaro da Cututtuka
A iri-iri ba mai saukin kamuwa da cutar fungal kuma yana da tsayayya ga kwari. Duk matsalolin da suka taso yayin haɓakarsu ana haɗasu ko dai tare da tsarin ba da amfani da ruwa sosai, ko kuma tare da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.
Kasancewa ga fasaha na aikin gona, gember Ural emerald zai faranta wa mai lambu da girbi mai kyau na dogon lokaci.
