Bukatar dasawa ta itace yake faruwa ta dalilin da ya sa aka sami ci gaba: tsufa bushes yana hana yin sanadi kuma ya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Kyakkyawan zaɓi na wurin da lokacin shekara don dasawa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a haɓakar al'adu na gaba. Yana da mahimmanci kamar hadi da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari.
Me akeyin itace?
Juyawa ya zama dole don samun girbin girke mai girbi mai ɗaci da ƙanshi. Samun tsire-tsire na strawberry na shekaru daban-daban a cikin lambu, zaku iya samar wa kanku da amfanin gona mai dorewa a kowace shekara.
Juyawa ya zama dole don samun amfanin gona iri irin na shekara.
'Ya'yan itacen furanni suna ba da' ya'ya a wuri guda don shekaru 3-4, sannan adadin berries yana raguwa kuma ana rage girman su. Isasa ta cika, cututtuka da kwari suna tarawa. Ana cire strawberries da ke cire 'ya'yan itace daga bazara har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi mai ɗorewa yana cinye abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa da sauri kuma suna buƙatar ƙarin saurin yaduwa. Don irin waɗannan nau'in, dasa shekara-shekara yana da kyau.
Ana iya aiwatar da wannan hanyar a duk lokacin girma, amma tsire-tsire na fure suna ɗaukar tushen muni. Hakanan wajibi ne don dawo da bushes bayan daukana berries. Sabili da haka, an dasa strawberries zuwa makonni biyu zuwa uku kafin fure ko makonni biyu bayan fruiting.
Abin da ake amfani da bushes don dasawa
Mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace matasa bushes ne girma a wuri guda domin akalla shekaru biyu. Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da dasawa zuwa sabon wuri don tushen gashin-baki ko fure-fure.
Matasa (biennial) strawberry bushes ne mafi yawan m
Saboda haka ƙasar ta huta, bayan ta tono tsohuwar bushes har shekara biyu zuwa uku, ana dasa shukar kayan lambu.
Fiye, ba lallai ba ne don bayar da fruiting ga waɗannan bushes da aka shirya yaduwa, watse kashe peduncles. Bushan igiyar ciki ya kamata ya kasance mai ƙarfi, tare da adadi mai yawa na peduncles, mai 'ya'ya.
Bidiyo: yadda ake zabi daji domin dasawa
Hanyar Canji
Samun sprouts abu ne mai sauki:
- yi amfani da yadudduka ciyawa - mustaches,
- Tsakanin tsire-tsire sun kasu kashi biyu.
Sake bugun ta wurin tsaba shine ya zama mai ƙwazo, sakamakon doan shekaru ba koyaushe ke gaji halayyar ɗan adam na tsire-tsire ba.
Rooting gashin-baki
Ana kiran tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na gashin-baki. Suna ɗauki tushe a sauƙaƙe, suna ƙirƙirar sababbi waɗanda zasu dace da nau'in shuka. Bushaya daga cikin daji na iya bada har zuwa harbe 15 tare da rosettes. Ana aiwatar da hanyar kamar haka:
- Zaɓi gashin-baki mai ƙoshin lafiya tare da tushen tushe.
- An shimfiɗa su a ƙasa da nisa daga 20-30 cm daga igiyar ciki kuma an matse kadan a cikin ƙasa.
- Ko kuma gashin-baki ya kafe kai tsaye a tukwane tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki.
- A cikin watanni 2-2.5, za a shuka tsiro, wanda za'a iya dasa shi kai tsaye tare da dunƙulewar ƙasa, wanda zai haɓaka rayuwar tsirar.
Strawberry gashin-baki na iya zama kafe kai tsaye a cikin tukwane da ƙasa mai gina jiki
Raba Bush
Mafi sau da yawa, ta hanyar rarraba daji, ana yada yadudduka, yana ba mustan mustach ko ba su ba kwata-kwata. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan hanyar bayan babban harin hunturu na tsirrai. An raba tsararren tsire-tsire zuwa cikin ƙaho, daga daji guda ɗaya, gwargwadon shekarunsa, girmansa da yawan amfanin ƙasa, zaku iya samun shuka 10. Dogayen bushes ba su dace da wannan hanyar ba, suna haifar da raunanan seedlings, kuma ba za ku iya jira amfanin gona ba kwata-kwata.
Yawancin lokaci dasawa a ranar girgije:
- Zabi strawberry bushes ba girmi shekaru uku.
- An shirya wurin da kyau, an rufe shi, daga iska mai karfi.
- Sun tono ƙasa a wata daya kafin dasawa, takin tare da humus (1 kg ta 10 sq M). Idan ƙasa ta acidic ce, ana amfani da lemun tsami (daga 350 zuwa 500 g a 1 sq. M na ƙasa mai nauyi-matsakaici, gwargwadon acidity na ƙasa).
- A ranar hawan saukowa, an zubar da kwararan ruwa da ruwa.
- Ana yin shara a ƙasa daga ƙasa, a wanke Tushen a cikin guga na ruwa mai gudu.
Tushen daji igiyar ciki dole ne a wanke shi da ruwa
- A hankali raba tushen da wuka ko hannu cikin sassa da yawa.
An yanka Tushen Strawberry tare da wuƙa cikin guda.
- Ta tona ramuka zuwa zurfin 30 cm, yi ƙwanƙwasa a ƙasan.
- Riƙe seedling da hannu guda, na biyu daidaita Tushen a cikin ramin. Daga nan sai su yayyafa ruwan wuta da ƙasa kuma a matse shi da hannunsa don kar a rasa rami a cikin rami.
- Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere bai wuce 30 cm ba, kuma tsakanin layuka - 50-70 cm.
Rarraba bushes dasa bisa ga shirin 30 zuwa 50 cm
- Aiwatar da ƙasa mai layi ɗaya, layi biyu, har ma da kafet, watau abu mai ƙarfi.
- Dole ne a shayar da tsire-tsire masu shuka, kuma ya kamata a yayyafa ƙasa da ash ko peat.
Yaushe yafi kyau dasa shukar strawberries
Don dasawa, matasa, masu lafiyayyen seedlings tare da tushen buds ko tare da tushen tsarin da aka riga aka ci gaba, amma ba tare da furanni ba, ana ɗauka, tun da tsire-tsire mai fure ba shi da tushe sosai a cikin sabon wuri. A bushes kada ta kasance burbushi ta hanyar kwari da cututtuka.
Mafi kyawun kayan kwalliya don strawberries sune kayan lebur, albasa, tafarnuwa, karas, da ganye. Bai kamata ku dasa strawberries a cikin gadaje ba inda dankali da tumatur da barkono da kabeji suka girma a gabanta.
Ruwan bazara na dasawa
Mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki strawberries shine bazara:
- har yanzu akwai sauran danshi a cikin ƙasa;
- matasa tsire-tsire a lokacin bazara suna da lokacin ɗaukar tushe, haɓaka tsarin tushen, da kuma sanya fure mai fure don lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
A cikin bazara, ana shuka strawberries a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu, tare da kasar da za a shirya a cikin fall. Sun tono wani mãkirci na dasa a kan bayonet shebur, a hankali zaɓi Tushen weeds, ƙara rotted taki, takin ko humus. Humus, gwargwadon narkar da ƙasa, na iya buƙatar kilo 10 10 a kowace 1 sq. m
A cikin bazara, ana shuka strawberries a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu.
A farko, kuna buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun don samar da seedlings tare da danshi. Yawancin danshi ba ya halatta, saboda yana haifar da ci gaban ƙone da birgima. Don hana haɓakar cututtuka, ƙasa an yayyafa shi da itacen ash.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki mai bazara
Baya ga rigakafin cutar, ash shine tushen potassium na tsirrai.
Autumn strawberry dasa
Kuna iya dasa strawberries a farkon kaka, a ƙarshen watan Agusta da farkon Satumba. Babu shakka ab advantagesbuwan amfãni na dasa kaka:
- wanda ya dace da ƙarshen lokacin bazara kuma, gwargwadon haka, kasancewar lokacin kyauta don aiki;
- ruwa sama da kullun a wannan lokacin, wanda ke rage ruwa.
Bushes tare da manyan berries ana alama a gaba a lokacin bazara. Ana ɗaukar ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace daga tsire-tsire masu lafiya masu shekaru biyu waɗanda ke samar da berries mafi kyau kuma suna ba da' ya'ya sosai. Yawancin lambu suna shuka strawberries a ƙarshen watan Agusta ko farkon Satumba: tsire-tsire dole ne su sami lokaci don ɗauka sosai kafin farkon yanayin sanyi mai santsi (seedlings dakatar da haɓaka a yanayin zafi ƙasa da 5 ° C). A ƙasa an shirya ba daga baya fiye da kwanaki 15 kafin dasa.
Bidiyo: Juyawa a cikin bazara
Zai fi dacewa a yi jujjuyawar Strawberry a cikin girgije mai duhu ko da maraice a zazzabi wanda bai fi 20 ° C ba: ga matasa tsirrai, zafin rana mai lalacewa.
Abin da dokoki dole ne a bi
Domin tsire-tsire don ɗaukar tushe sosai kuma suna ba da girbi mai albarka, yana da muhimmanci a san wasu ƙa'idodi:
- seedlings ya kamata a sami akalla ganye uku da tushen tsawon kusan santimita biyar;
- idan Tushen ya fi tsawon santimita biyar, dole ne a datsa don dasa shuki mai sauƙi. Babu buƙatar tsinke su - Tushen lanƙwasa a cikin ƙasa ba zai ba da ci gaban seedling ba, wanda a ƙarshe zai haifar da asarar yawan aiki;
- Dole ne a zubar da ƙasa da ruwa kafin aikin, ana aiwatar da dasa "a cikin laka";
- a cikin shuka iri da aka shuka daidai, maɓallin girma (abin da ake kira zuciya) ya kamata ya zame tare da ƙasa. Idan an yi dasa shuki cikakke, shuka yakan tashi sama da gado kuma zai iya bushewa. 'Ya'yan itacen da aka binne a lokacin dasa shuki na iya yin huda.
Don madaidaicin shuka da aka shuka, yakamata ya kasance tushen girma ya zama ƙasa tare da ƙasa.
Kulawar Strawberry bayan Juyawa
Shuka bushes za a iya mulched tare da hay, rotted taki, freshly yanke ciyawa, sawdust ko fim. Mulching rike da ƙasa sako-sako da kuma m, kuma accelerates da ripening na berries. A cikin shekarar farko, yawanci seedlings basa buƙatar ƙarin saman miya.
Bishiyoyi suna girma a wuri guda don shekaru 3-4. A wannan lokacin, yana ɗaukar abinci mai yawa daga ƙasa, yawan kwari da cututtuka suna ƙaruwa. Saboda haka, lambu ya lokaci-lokaci canza wurin narkar da wannan capricious, amma irin wannan m Berry. An shirya shiri don gaba don dasa shuki matasa, kuma an bazu gadaje masu yaduwa tare da dasa kayan lambu.
