Ahimenez wata itaciya ce mai tsiro mai kwari wacce take zama a cikin dazuzzukan da ke da zafi a Kudancin da Amurka ta Tsakiya. Yana cikin gidan Gesneriaceae. Coveredan kurmin katako mai laushi yana rufe da ganye mai duhu, kuma a lokacin furanni, a cikin ciyawar lush, yawancin manyan, masu kama da gramophone, buds na launuka masu ɗorewa. Don ciyawar ciyayi da aka gamsu da kyakkyawa na ban mamaki, ya kamata a bi ka'idodin kula da Achimenes sosai.
Bayanin Shuka
Ahimenez ne mai herbaceous perennial tare da fleshy harbe. Tsawon tsararren tsire-tsire yawanci baya wuce cm 30. Wani sabon abu mai rhizome tare da nodules na rulong (rhizomes), waɗanda ke rufe da ƙananan sikeli, yana buɗe ƙasa. M, mai tushe mai tushe girma sama da ƙasa na ƙasa. Da farko suna bunkasa ne a tsaye, amma daga baya za suyi. Ana rufe saman harbe da duhu ko launin fata mai launin shuɗi.
The mai tushe an rufe rare ganye petiole. A saman, ana iya fentin takardar mai laushi mai laushi mai haske a cikin koren duhu, mai ruwan hoda ko shunayya. A baya akwai takaice villi. Takaddun ganye suna da siffar katako mai cike da suttura da gefen nuna. Juyawar jijiyoyin a bayyane suke bayyane.
A ƙarshen Mayu, furanni da yawa sun bayyana a daji. Kowane corolla yana da dogon kunkuntar bututu da 5 karfi da lanƙwasa, rarrabe tare da gefuna da petals. Ana samo fure a kan daban-daban a cikin axils na ganye. Girman danshin furanni shine cm 3-6 .. Launin furanni fari ne, launin rawaya, ruwan hoda, shunayya, ruwan alkyabba. Fulawa ya ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Satumba. A gida, achimenes na iya yin ninki biyu.
Tsarin rayuwa
A farkon bazara, lokacin da matsakaita matsakaita kullun ya tashi kuma sa'o'i a rana ya karu, matasa suna fitowa daga rhizome. Suna karuwa da sauri cikin girma. Zuwa watan Mayu, an riga an fara ganin fararen fure kuma an fara farawa. Furanni suna farawa a farkon lokacin bazara. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa, haske mai haske da takin gargajiya.
A farkon kaka, da furanni a hankali Fade da girma na harbe slows downasa. A tsakiyar Oktoba, cikin ganyayyaki a hankali juya launin ruwan kasa da crumble. Harbi kuma bushe tare da su. Don hunturu, kawai rhizomes ya rage. A lokacin dormancy, ana iya adanar shuka a cikin kayan kwalliya mai sanyi, mai sanyi. Ana yin amfani da ƙasa lokaci-lokaci tare da karamin rabo na ruwa tare da gefen tukunyar.
Nau'in da nau'in Achimenes
Asalin halittar Achimenes yana da kusan nau'ikan 50 da nau'ikan kayan ado da yawa. Kashi kaɗan daga cikinsu ana samunsu a shagunan fure. An gabatar da babban tsari mafi girma a cikin shagunan kan layi, saboda haka masu girban fure sun fi son siyan ahimenez akan layi, suna nazarin hotuna a cikin kundin. Daga cikin dukkan bambancin, ana ɗaukar nau'ikan da ke ƙasa masu ban sha'awa.
Ahimenes mai dogon haske. Itace tana samar da daji mai yaduwa zuwa kimanin cm 30. yingarya, fitsarar mai tushe da mai tushe. An rufe su da whorls na oblong ko lanceolate ganye. Tsawon ganye ya kusan cm 9. A lokacin furanni, babba (har zuwa 6.5 cm a tsayi) fure-shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-fure a ranar Achimenes. Popular iri:
- Chiapas - furanni ana fentin launin shuɗi;
Chiapas - Juaregia - kwalliyar shunayya mai haske a gindi daga fararen fure.
Ahimenez Juaregia
Ahimenez ya karye. Itace tana da siffar fure. Gashinan furannin suna kama da ushan itacen wuta. Launin yana mamaye tabarau na ruwan hoda ko fari.
Achimenes matasan. Iri-iri tare da yawan fure da matsakaici-sized. An samu wakilai ta hanyar tsallakewar abubuwa dabam-dabam. Popular iri:
- Ambroise Verschaffelt - a kan fararen furannin suna da bakin jijiya.
Ahimenez Ambroise Verschaffelt - Rose Pink - furanni masu launuka masu ruwan hoda;
Ahimenez Rose - Blue - ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi masu haske;
Ahimenez Blue - Zuciyar Rawaya - furanni tubular mai zurfi tare da fenti mai zurfi ana fentin su a cikin launin rawaya ko terracotta launi.
Ahimenez Rawaya kyakkyawa
Ahimenez mai girma ne. Wannan nau'in shine mafi girma. Tsawon daji ya kai cm 60. Manyan ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi-kore suna lullube da shuɗun furanni masu haske tare da diamita har zuwa 6 cm da tsawon tube har zuwa cm 10. Furen an kafa shi a cikin axils na ganye tare da tsawon tsawon kara, suna launin ja.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Yaduwar achimenes ta hanyar ciyawa shine mafi dacewa. Hakanan yana ba ku damar adana nau'in halitta da halaye na tsire-tsire. Kowace ƙwayar cuta a cikin shekara guda tana ba yara 3-5 waɗanda zasu iya zama tsirrai masu 'yanci. A farkon lokacin bazara, kafin a samar da harbe-harbe, ana tono Achimenes rhizomes daga ƙasa kuma a dasa su a cikin kananan tukwane dabam. Idan kuna buƙatar samun tsire-tsire da yawa, zaku iya yanke kowane rhizome zuwa sassa 2-3. Sanya yanke da aka yayyafa da gawayi.
A watan Mayu-Yuni, ana iya yaduwar Achimenes ta hanyar yanke. Don yin wannan, yanke ƙananan harbe 8-12 cm tsawo tare da 1-2 internodes. Suna kafe a cikin kwalin ruwa. Ana bada shawara don canza ruwa kowane kwana 1-2. Lokacin da ƙananan Tushen suka bayyana, ana shuka shuka a cikin ƙasa mai dausayi. Kuna iya dasa tushen nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, amma don kwanaki 7-10, ana kiyaye seedlings a ƙarƙashin wata tafiya.
Tsarin iri shine mafi cin lokaci. A watan Maris, ana shuka iri ba tare da shiri na farko ba a cikin kwandon cakuda yashi. Ana yayyafa ƙasar da ruwa kuma an rufe shi da fim. Rike greenhouse a zazzabi na + 22 ... +24 ° C. Harbe yana bayyana a tsakanin kwanaki 12-16. Tare da samuwar ganye na hakika guda biyu, seedlings sun nutse cikin tukwane daban.
Shuka dasa
Ana shawarar dasawar Achimenes kowace shekara. A lokacin dormancy, rhizomes ba a haƙa shi ba, amma ana kiyaye shi a cikin tsohuwar ƙasa. A watan Fabrairu, kafin farkon haɓaka mai ƙarfi, ana cire su kuma an sanya su a cikin ƙasa mai kyau. A cikin sabon tukunya, baƙaƙen yashi, yumɓu mai yumɓu ko ginin bulo an aza su ƙasa. Isasa ta ƙunshi:
- takarda ƙasa (sassa 3);
- ƙasa mai ruwa (sassan 2);
- kogin kogi (1 bangare).
Da farko, an zuba ƙasa a cikin tukunya a 2/3 na tsayi, sannan sai an sanya rhizomes a kwance. 5-10 mm na duniya yana yayyafa a saman su kuma a shayar a hankali. Kafin samuwar harbe-harbe matasa, yana da amfani don rufe tukwane da fim ko gilashi.
Dokokin Kulawa
Achimenes a gida yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali. A shuka fi son mai haske diffused haske. Za a iya sanya tukwane a kan fararen gabas ko yamma, kazalika a cikin zurfin dakin kudanci. Tare da rashin hasken rana, mai tushe suna da elongated sosai kuma an fallasa su, duk da haka, sunflower ba a so.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 22 ... +25 ° C. A lokacin tsirrai masu aiki, bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da +20 ° C ba, in ba haka ba inji ya fara rauni. Yana da amfani mutum ya ɗauki Achimenes zuwa gonar ko baranda don bazara. Suna ƙoƙarin samar da yanayin tsayayye. Motsa jiki ba sa yin haƙuri da sanyaya dare da kwarkwata. Yayin dormancy, rhizomes za'a iya kiyaye shi a + 10 ... +15 ° C.
Don tsire-tsire masu zafi, zafi mai zafi yana da mahimmanci, duk da haka, fesa ganyayyaki ba su da mahimmanci. Kuna iya sanya furanni kusa da aquariums, marmaro ko wuraren ɗakin ajiyar yanayi. A cikin rashi, yi amfani da kayan kwalliya tare da ɗakunan leyara da yumɓu masu haɓaka.
Ya kamata a shayar da Achimenes akai-akai. Baya yarda da yawan bushewar kasar gona. A cikin hunturu, kasar gona kawai ana ɗan ɗanɗano kusanci zuwa ganuwar tukunyar. Ya isa a zuba cokali biyu na daskararre sau ɗaya a mako. Tun daga bazara, sannu a hankali ana yawaita ruwa. Wuce ruwa ya kamata barin tukunya da yardar kaina. Duk lokacin bazara ana shayar da ƙasa da ruwa mai ɗumi da taushi. A cikin faduwar, ana rage rage ruwa a hankali.
Daga ƙarshen Maris zuwa tsakiyar Satumba, ya kamata a haɗa Achimenes sau biyu a wata. Yi amfani da gidaje na ma'adinai don tsire-tsire na cikin gida na fure.
Cutar da kwari
Tare da yawan wuce haddi, musamman a cikin dakin sanyi, cututtukan fungal suna haɓakawa a kan tushen da harbe. Akwai damar ajiye fure. Wajibi ne don cire gutsattsuran fashewa, bi da ragowar kambi da ƙasa tare da maganin kashe-kashe da kuma sake nazarin yanayin tsarewa.
M sau da yawa aphids, mealybugs da gizo-gizo mites zauna a kan lush greenery. Tun da yake ba a so a yi wanka da fure, ana kula da ita da kwari daga kwari.
