Ophiopogon kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire masu fure tare da furanni masu ƙyalƙyali. Yana samar da busassun ciyawa, wanda ya dace da tsarin namowa na cikin gida ko amfani dashi a cikin shimfidar wurare. Dankin yana cikin dangin Liliaceae kuma an rarraba shi a Gabashin Asiya: daga Himalayas zuwa Japan. Ophiopogon ya fi son shayar da girgije. Wannan sanannan tsararrun kuma sanannu ne a ƙarƙashin sunayen "lily na kwari" da "Lily na Jaman."
Bayanin Botanical
Tushen ophiopogon ba shi da tushe daga doron ƙasa. A branched rhizome kananan nodules. A cikin ƙasa, an samar da haɓaka mai yawa da yawa na tushen rosettes. Ganyayyaki masu layi suna da tarnaƙi masu santsi da gefen nuna Canjin launuka masu launin faranti na iya fitowa daga haske zuwa kore zuwa launin ruwan toka-launin ruwan toka. Tsawon ganyayyakin shine 15-35 cm, kuma nisa ba ta wuce 1 cm ba.
Ophiopogon a cikin hoto hoto ne mai yawa. Yana riƙe da ita tsawon shekara kuma ba sa ganye. Yawo yana faruwa a watan Yuli-Satumba. Madaidaiciya, shinge mai tsayi kimanin nisan cm 20 girma daga tushe na turf Fuskarsu ana fentin su a cikin burgundy. A saman tushe an kambi da ƙyalli mai fasali Flowersanan furanni suna da ɗan gajeren bututu na fure shida da aka fantsama a gindi. A buds masu launin shuɗi ne.
A ƙarshen fure, an rufe ciyawar ophiopogon tare da gungu na shuɗi-baki mai launin shuɗi. A cikin Berry akwai tsaba masu launin rawaya.
Iri daban-daban
Akwai nau'ikan 20 a cikin halittar Ophiopogonum, wanda uku kawai ake amfani da su a al'ada. Hakanan, shayarwa sun danganta wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan opiopogon.
Ophiopogon Yaburan. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa wanda ke haifar da ƙwanƙwasawa mai girma 30-80 cm.Dukan ganyayyaki sun ƙunshi yawancin layi, ganye mai launin fata. Gashin gefen farantin ganye yana sumba. Fuskarta ta waje ana fentin koren duhu, kuma tsokoki a tsaye ana iya ganin su daga ƙasa. Tsawon ganyayyakin zai iya kai cm 80 kuma faɗin faɗin cm 1. An bayyana inflorescence na 15 cm a kan madaidaiciyar farfajiya .. Yawancin furanni masu fukalar fari ko na fure mai haske a cikin siffar Lily na kwari suna fitar da laushi mai sanyin laushi. Yankunan
- varigata - a gefuna na farantin takardar yana da bambancin farin ratsi;
- aureivariegatum - raunin gefen ganyayyaki ana fentin launin shuɗi;
- Nusus - wani karamin sa'inda ke tsayayya da sanyi zuwa ƙasa -15 ° C;
- farin dragon - ganye suna kusan fentin farin tare da kunkuntar kore ratsi a tsakiyar.
Jafananci Ophiopogon. Dankin yana da fizrous, tuberous rhizome. Tsawon ganyayyaki masu wuya layin shine 15-35 cm, kuma faɗin faɗa ya zama mm 2 mm ne kawai. Takaddun ganye dan kadan zuwa tsakiyar jijiya. A kan gajeren zango akwai ɗan sako mara nauyi na cm cm cm 7. Smallananan, furanni masu ɗorawa ana zane a launi mai launin lilac-ja. Petals suna girma tare a cikin bututu 6-8 mm. Popular iri:
- m - siffofin low, kunkuntar labule;
- Kyoto Dwarf - tsawo daga labulen bai wuce 10 cm ba;
- Zinare Azurfa - wani farin fararen yanki yana tsakiyar faranti.
Ophiopogon yana da fara'a A shuka Forms low, amma sosai yada labule. Tsawon madauri mai kama da duhu-ganye ganye ne 10- 10 cm. Fuskokin ganye na wannan nau'in sun yi fadi da duhu. Wasu nau'ikan suna halin kusan ciyayi baƙar fata. A lokacin rani, daji an yalwataccen rufe da manyan farin ko furanni ruwan hoda, kuma daga baya - mai yawa duhu duhu.
Mafi mashahuri ne Ophiopogonum iri-iri na kwance-harbi Nigrescens. Tana samarda labule mai rarrafe har zuwa 25 cm tsawan tare da kusan baƙar fata. A lokacin rani, kibiyoyin na inflorescences an rufe su da fararen-farin furanni, kuma a kaka kaka an gama cike da duhu baki dayan berries. Dusar ƙanƙara mai tsaurin sanyi, zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi ƙasa zuwa -28 ° C.
Ophiopogon cikin gida. Karamin, kama-da-zafin-zafi don haɓakar cikin gida. Belted, nada faren ganye ana fentin cikin duhu kore. An kuma samo nau'in Variegate.
Kiwo Ophiopogon
Ophiopogon yana yaduwa ta hanyar ciyawar da hanyoyin iri. An dauki nauyin yaduwar kayan lambu Dankin ya ba da ra'ayoyi a kaikaice, wanda a cikin 'yan watanni a shirye suke don ci gaban mai cin gashin kansa. A cikin bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, an haye labulen kuma a yanka a hankali zuwa sassa da yawa. A cikin kowane rarrabuwa, aƙalla kantuna uku aka bari kuma nan da nan aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa mai sauƙi. A lokacin rooting, ya kamata a shayar da shuka a hankali domin tushen ba suyi ba. A cikin 'yan makonni, ciyawar za ta fara samar da ganyen matasa da harbe.
Yankin shuka zai buƙaci ƙarin ƙoƙari. A cikin kaka, shi wajibi ne don tattara cikakken ripened baki berries. An murƙushe su kuma an wanke su da ɓangaren litattafan almara. Nan da nan bayan an tattara tsaba, sai a kwashe su da yawa a cikin ruwa sannan a shimfiɗa a ƙasa a cikin kwalaye. An bada shawara don amfani da cakuda yashi. Manyan tsaba sun yayyafa shi da ƙasa, suka kuma shayar. An rufe masu zane da gilashi ko fim kuma a ajiye su a cikin daki mai sanyi (+10 ° C). Lingsalingsan da za su shuka su tashi ne bayan watanni 3-5. Lokacin da tsayi na seedlings ya kai 10 cm, ana iya dasa su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. A cikin lambun tsakanin tsirrai na kiyaye nesa na 15-20 cm.
Siffofin Girma
Ophiopogon cikin kulawa yana da fassarori masu sauƙin fahimta kuma yana da sauƙin daidaitawa ga yanayin da ake ciki. Hard foliage da kyau tsinkayen rana da m inuwa. Za'a iya girma iri na cikin gida a windows biyu na kudu da arewacin. Ko da a cikin hunturu, shuka ba ya buƙatar ƙarin haske.
Ophiopogon zai iya yin tsayayya da matsanancin zafi, amma ya fi son yanayi mai sanyaya. Daga watan Afrilu, za a iya ajiye kwafin cikin gida a baranda ko a gonar. A shuka ba ji tsoron zayyana da sanyaya dare. A cikin hunturu, a cikin ƙasa bude, tana hibernates ba tare da tsari kuma tana adana launi na al'ada na ganye a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara.
Watering da shuka yana bukatar m kuma yalwatacce. A kasar gona ya zama m kullum, amma stagnation na danshi ne contraindicated. A lokacin sanyi, lokacin sanyi, ana rage ruwa, bushewar ƙasa ta 1-2 cm An ba da izini mai laushi, ana amfani da ruwa mai tsabta don ban ruwa. Saboda ganye ba su bushewa, yana da mahimmanci don kula da zafi mai zafi ta hanyar fesawa. Kuna iya sanya ophiopogon kusa da akwatin kifaye.
Sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3, dole ne a yadu da labulen kuma a raba shi. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku lalata tushen m, don haka ana amfani da hanyar dasawa don dasawa. A cakuda:
- tukunyar ƙasa
- peat;
- ƙasar turf
- kogin yashi.
A kasan tukunya ko ramuka, ana yin layin juji da yumɓun yumbu ko ganyaye.
Ophiopogon baya fama da parasites, amma tare da yawan wuce haddi, tushen sa da ciyawar sa zasu iya shafar rot. Ya kamata a cire wuraren da suka lalace nan da nan kuma a kula da ƙasa da ƙwayar cuta.
Amfani
Ophiopogon ya dace da haɓakar cikin gida da lambun. Haske na haske zai yi kyau da windowsill, kuma ya girgiza abun da ke ciki na tsire-tsire tare da ganye mai fure. A cikin bude ƙasa, ana amfani da bushes a cikin wuraren musayar ra'ayoyi da yanki mai faɗi.
Ophiopogon tubers da tushen ana amfani da su a cikin likitancin hanji a matsayin magani mai kantad da hankali da rigakafi. A yau, masana magunguna suna yin nazarin kayayyakinsa kawai, amma bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, magungunan gargajiya na iya daukar ophiopogon cikin sabis.
