Brigamia wani ɗan fure ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ya yi kama da ƙaramin itacen dabino. Yawancin lokaci ana kiranta dabino na Hawaii (a wurin da aka samo asali). A kan tudun volcanic na tsibirin Hawaiian, ba haka ba da daɗewa zaku iya haɗuwa da babban yanki na brigamy. Kodayake a cikin yanayin halitta na brigamy wanzu sama da shekaru miliyan miliyan, sun fara noma kwanan nan. Yana barin, dabino yana da matukar wuya, amma yana bijiro da halaye masu mahimmanci, yana mamakin yadda ya girma da kyau.
Bayani Gabaɗaya
Brigamia shine tushe mai kyau na dangin Bellflower. Tana amfani da daskararren tushe (caudex) don adana ruwa da abubuwan gina jiki. Caudex yana da ƙarfi sosai a gindi kuma yana narkewa a hankali. Haushi na karamin shuka ana zane shi a cikin sautunan launin kore, amma a hankali ya zama mai launin toka. Farfajiyar ganye da ganyayyaki suna da laushi. Don haka ana kiyaye shuka daga ƙafewar wuce kima.
A cikin yanayin halitta, dabino na Hawaii ya kai tsayin 2 m, amma lokacin da ya yi girma a cikin gida da wuya girma ya kai mita 1. Kowane tsire-tsire yawanci yana da guda ɗaya, ɗan ƙara kaɗan, tushe. Wani lokaci, sakamakon lalacewa, wata hanyar haɓaka na iya haɓaka kuma dabino ya zama bidi'a. Irin wannan baƙar fata a cikin hoto kuma a zahiri yana da kyan gani. Wasu masana da gangan suna neman sabon tushe, amma irin wannan ƙoƙarin ba koyaushe ake samun nasara tare da nasara ba.
Ganyen an kafa shi ne kawai a saman akwati, yana ba wa shuka irin kamannin-dabino. Yayin da caudex ke tsiro kuma ganyayyaki ya faɗi, akwai alamun taimako wanda zai ƙara kwatankwacin shuka zuwa itacen dabino. Ganyen suna da launin toka, ko oval ko m. Bar ganye tare da kakin zuma shafi an haɗe su a tushe tare da gajerun sanduna kuma ana fentin su a cikin koren haske. Tsawon takardar ya bambanta daga 12 zuwa 20 cm, kuma faɗin shine 6-11 cm.
Lokacin fure yana faruwa a farkon kaka, amma yana faruwa ne kawai tare da isasshen haske. Itace tayi fure a kowane shekaru 2-4, farawa daga shekaru biyu. Stemsananan tushe mai tushe a cikin axils na ganye, wanda sannu-sannu girma zuwa cikin tsoro inflorescences. Girman panicle kawai ya kai cm 15. Furen furanni a cikin siffar ƙararrawa 5-an fentin su a cikin rawaya, cream ko farar fata. Sun fitar da kamshi mai zafi irin na vanilla da zuma. A kan kowane shinge, an tsara alamun 3-5, waɗanda aka buɗe bi da bi.
Sakamakon pollination a cikin furanni, ana ƙirƙirar ƙananan 'ya'yan itace a cikin nau'i na esuated capsules har zuwa 2 cm tsayi .. Capsules suna dauke da tsaba masu yawa tare da fata mai laushi ko fata mai laushi. Tsawon tsaba shine 8-12 mm.
Gwagwarmaya don adana nau'in
Na dogon lokaci, brigamy ta ji daɗi kusa da dutsen mai fitad da wuta na Hawaii, amma kamannin mutum ya kusan goge shi daga fuskar duniya. Matsalar ita ce nau'in kwari guda ɗaya tare da proboscis mai tsayi sosai zai iya watsa furanni. Take hakkin daidaiton yanayin halittu ya haifar da halayen kwari kuma brigamy ba zai iya samar da tsaba don haifuwar al'ada ba.
Tunda itacen dabino ya yi girma sosai, a kan tsaunin dutsen, yana da matukar wahala mutane su aiwatar da aikin pollin. Masu hawa sama, cikin haɗarin rayukansu, sun ba da gudummawar bugun jini kuma sun sami tsaba don haɓaka a cikin gidajen katako.
A yau, yawancin samfurori na brigamy ana rarraba su ta duniya ta hanyar masu shayarwa na Dutch. Sukan yi kama da tsire-tsire kuma suna amfani da wasu hanyoyin zaɓu don hana ɓacewar irin wannan kyakkyawan wakilcin dutsen. Yanzu ba shi da wuya a sayi brigamy, kodayake ana sayar da shi ne a cikin manyan kantuna.
Iri daban-daban
Brigamia (dabino na Hawaii) ba ya bambanta sosai. Zuwa yau, iri biyu ne kawai aka sani:
- Brigamy Rocky. Mafi yawan gama gari a cikin gida kuma yana da tushe mai kauri. Yawancin fure-fure na fari a fararen furanni kuma yana da tsaba tare da santsi mai laushi.
Dutsen Brigamy - Brigamia yana da ban mamaki. Yana da suturar kumburi guda a duk tsawon tsayin daka. Furannin fure sune cream da rawaya, kuma an rufe tsaba da fata mai laushi.
Brigamia yana da ban mamaki
Kiwo
Ya fi dacewa da yaduwar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyi. Idan ka yanke shawarar fara cinikin brigamy, zaku iya siyan tsaba a Intanet ko a babban shagon furanni. Tsaba suna soaked har rana guda a cikin ruwan dumi, sannan kuma an shuka shi a cakuda yashi, perlite da peat. A cikin makonni 1-3, ana ajiye tukunya a wuri mai duhu da dumi, kuma ana shayar da kullun. Lokacin da seedlings suka girma zuwa 2.5 cm, an daskare su kuma a dasa su cikin tukwane daban. Yana da mahimmanci don samar da tsire-tsire matasa tare da yanayin greenhouse tare da babban iska da zazzabi.
Kuna iya cimma nasarar haifar da harbe-harben matasa akan shuka. Don yin wannan, a hankali lalata ɓangare na jeri. An yanka harbi a hankali kuma an ba shi izinin yanayi na kwanaki 1-2. Sannan dasa shuki a cikin yashin yashi kuma ya rufe da fim. A cikin tsammanin tushen, ana sa greenhouse a cikin ɗakin da ke cike da isasshen iska tare da kullun.
Kulawar Gida
Don cikakken girma da fure na brigamia, kulawa dole ne cikakke. In ba haka ba, dole ne ku yi mamakin: me yasa brigamy yake saukar da ganye? A karkashin kowane damuwa, inji ya fara rabu da ganye kuma yana iya rasa ciyayi gaba ɗaya. Wannan baya nufin brigamy ya mutu. Stalaƙƙarfan faranti na iya kasancewa mai dorewa tsawon lokaci kuma ya yi sabon kambi.
A cikin yanayin yanayin iska mai mahimmanci, yana da mahimmanci don samar da yanayin greenhouse. Tana tsoron zanewa da matsanancin yanayin zafi, kuma tana fama da bushewar iska. An fallasa shuka a wuri mai cike da wuta, amma a kan windowsill ana iya kone shi. Idan kun sanya tukunya da itacen dabino a cikin lambun ko a farfajiya, iska mai-kyau zata taimaka wa kare ganye daga lalacewa. Yayin ƙirƙirar farfajiyoyi, brigamy ba zai iya motsawa ko juya shi ba domin tushen hasken koyaushe yana gefe ɗaya. In ba haka ba, buds za su faɗi ba tare da buɗewa ba.
Mafi kyawun zazzabi don brigamy shine + 25 ... + 27 ° C. Sanyaya yana haifar da raguwar ci gaba da lalacewar tushe. Ruwa da dabino na Hawaii ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, amma yi amfani da ruwan dumi (+ 23 ° C) don wannan. Ana yin ruwa sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a kan kwanakin zafi - sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 5. A cikin hunturu, da shuka kullum jure wa hutu a watering har zuwa 6 makonni. Daga watan Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, an kara hada kankara sutturar ruwa zuwa ban ruwa na brigamia.
Don tayar da shuka lokacin da ganyayyaki suka zama launin toka a brigamia, zaku iya shirya sauna mai ɗumi ko ruwa mai ɗumi. An wanke ganga tare da jiragen ruwa masu ɗumi, sannan sai an rage tsawon awanni 5 a cikin gidan wanka tare da tururi mai yawa. Wutar da ke cikin dakin ba za a kashe ta yayin aikin ba.
Brigamia yana tsayayya da cuta, lokaci-lokaci kawai ana iya shafawa ta hanyar rot. Itatuwan tsire-tsire masu ban sha'awa suna jawo hankalin aphids, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, fararen fata da sikelin. Idan an samo kwayar cutar kwaya, nan da nan za ku iya kula da shuka da maganin kashe kwari (maganin rana, acarin, sulfarone) ko maganin sabulu.
Amfani
Brigamia fure ne na gida kuma yana iya zama ainihin ado na lambun dutse ko greenhouse. A gida, mazauna suna amfani da ganyenta da ruwan sha a matsayin wakili na shayarwa da warkarwa, amma ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai karfi yana haifar da itching da haushi.
