Clusia - bishiyoyi masu shuki na bishiyoyi da shukakkun bishiyoyi da suka girma a yankuna na wurare masu zafi da ƙasa mai nisa na Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka. Masu yawon bude ido suna son barin rububin ganye a cikin ganyen clusia, a nan gaba ana gajiya da adana su na dogon lokaci. A cikin ƙasa, clusius yakan bishiyoyi da yawa mita tsawo, kuma a cikin latitude akwai manyan da dada iri domin girma bonsai. Shuka tana faranta rai tare da ciyawar fure, kyawawan furanni da taurari masu ban mamaki.
Bayanin
An ba shi suna bayan masanin kimiyyar Yaren mutanen Holland Carlus Clusius, Clusius dangi ne na Clusian daban. Daga cikin nau'ikan da yawa, akwai clots da ke girma a cikin ƙasa da siffofin epiphytic. Tushen tushen yana da alamar hali, manyan Tushen a hankali sun zama katako kuma sun mamaye babban yanki a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Sabbin tsire-tsire na iya samo asali daga asalin sawu.
Mai tushe mai tushe daga tushe da kuma tsawon tsawon shi. A shuka yana da koren matasa kore, wanda aka hankali an rufe shi da haske launin ruwan kasa haushi. Clusia milky juice an dade ana amfani dashi don dalilai daban-daban. Ya yi aiki don ɗaure sassa a aikin jirgi, ya kuma taimaka kawar da corns da sauran cututtuka.
Ganyayyaki masu launin fata mai yawa suna da ɗan gajeren petiole kuma suna kan kan mai tushe kuma. Farfajiyar farantin ganye mai laushi, kore mai haske. Ganyayyaki suna da siffar m ko lanceolate tare da kafaffen baki da ƙarshen nuna. Tsawon kowane ganye na iya zama daga 8 zuwa 20 cm, kuma faɗin faɗin ya kai cm 5-8 Ana samun ire-irensu da ƙananan ganye.
Furen Clusia yana da ban sha'awa, kayan karafenta sun yi kauri sosai kamar an rufe su da wani abu mai laushi. A cikin yanayin halitta, fure yana ci gaba a duk shekara. A buds bude da dare kuma ninka da safe. Kowane toho ya ƙunshi furanni 4-9 masu zagaye, fentin fari tare da ruwan hoda ko shuɗi. Diamita na kowane fure shine 4-5 cm.
Bayan pollination, 'ya'yan itacen ripens a maimakon da toho. Lokacin da aka rufe, yana kama da akwati mai launin fari wanda aka rufe da launin fatar kore. Diamita na 'ya'yan itace 5-8 cm. Yayinda yake karawa, fatar ta zama launin duhu, kuma' ya'yan itacen suna buɗe a siffar tauraro. A ciki, ana samun jan dusar kankara da kuma tsaba masu yawa. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na inedible, ruwan' ya'yan itace a cikin fata zai iya haifar da haushi.
Tsarin iri
Iyalin suna da nau'ikan sama da 150, amma babu tarin yawa wanda za'a iya kiyaye shi a gida.
Clusia ruwan hoda (fure) - mafi mashahuri nau'in. Wannan itace mai tsayi ko bishiya mai tsayi tare da manyan harbe da fure na fure. Fleshy ganye suna kan gajerun petioles kuma suna da zagaye ko rhomboid siffar. Matsakaicin tsayi da nisa na ganye shine cm 20. launi launin faranti ɗin yayi tsauri, koren duhu. Lokacin da matasa masu tushe suka lalace, an kirkira ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami mai launin shuɗi, wanda, lokacin bushewa, ya zama bayyananne. Single furanni bayyana a kan matasa apical harbe. Abubuwan fure suna fentin fari ko ruwan hoda, kuma asalin yana da launi mai rawaya mai haske. Diamita na kowane fure shine 8 cm.
Clusius lanceolate Yana dasa shuki mai fure ko ɗan ƙaramin itace har zuwa m 3. Tsawon ganye na lanceolate mai launin fata shine 7-8 cm Kowane fure ya ƙunshi filayen fure 4-8 kuma ya kai diamita na 5 cm. Kusa da kusurwar, furanni ana fentin ja ko burgundy, da gefuna riƙe fararen launi.
Clusius babba ne siffofin manyan bishiyoyi har zuwa 3 m tsayi da m 1.2 M. Ganyayyaki masu yawa ko ganyayyaki 8-18 cm tsayi an haɗe su da tushe ta gajeru, matsanancin ƙwaya mai tsayi. Furannin furanni akan harbe an tattara su a kananan inflorescences of 3-5 guda. Diamita na kowane fari ko fure mai fure shine 5-8 cm.
Kiwo
Clusia ya fi kyau yaduwa a kan tsire-tsire, ta yin amfani da saka filayen da kuma dasa shuki na apical. Yankakken yakai kimanin 15-20 cm tsayi ne a cikin ruwa ko ƙasa mai yashi-peaty. Ana bada shawara don kula da tushen su tare da maganin ƙarfafawa (tushe, heteroauxin). A lokacin tushen, shuka yana buƙatar daki mai iska mai laushi. Wajibi ne a kula da yawan zafin jiki baya kasa da + 25 ° C. Rooting na iya wuce kusan wata daya.
Tushen sararin sama an kafa shi gaba ɗayan tsawon lokacin mai tushe na suturar mutum. Suna aiki don samun abinci mai gina jiki daga iska kuma su shiga tare da wasu bishiyoyi. Bayan tuntuɓar haushi ko ƙasa mai dausayi, sai gaɓoɓin filiform suka fara girma da samun tsarin denser. Bayan haɓakar rhizome, zaku iya yanke tarkowa da dasawa a cikin tukunya daban.
Tsarin iri yana da matukar aiki da kuma rashin aiki. Tsaba da sauri rasa germination, don haka shuka ne da za'ayi nan da nan bayan tarin a cikin rigar cakuda peat da yashi. Dankin yana buƙatar kula da yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa da gumi. An rufe akwati da fim kuma aka bar ta a wuri mai haske. A tsakanin makonni 4-6, harbe masu wuya suka bayyana. Ana iska dasu a kullun, amma ana sa su a ƙarƙashin fim har sai 4 ganye na ainihi sun bayyana kuma kawai sannan sun kasance sun saba da yanayin yanayi.
Kulawar Clot
Don kula da clusia a gida bai da wahala sosai, kuna buƙatar zaɓar madaidaiciyar wurin da ita. Zai fi kyau saya da clusia a cikin bazara, sannan tsari na sufuri, dasawa da karbuwa zai wuce kusan babu tsammani. Don dasa shuki, zaɓi ƙasa mai ƙoshin haske. Kuna iya amfani da cakuda abubuwanda aka haɗa:
- maganin cututtukan fata;
- yashi;
- peat;
- ciyawar ganye;
- coniferous ƙasa.
A kasan tanki na kwance magudanar ruwa. An zaɓi tukunya ta girman ko tare da ɗan gefe. Kowane juyawa shine babban damuwa ga Clusia, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar wannan hanyar sau da yawa. Idan za ta yiwu, yi amfani da hanyar narkarda yayin adana tsohon earthen coma.
Clusius yana buƙatar dogon hasken rana da watsa hasken. Zai fi kyau sanya shi a wani nesa daga taga ko amfani da sills na yamma da gabas. A cikin hunturu, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da fitila. Kurmi yana buƙatar yanayin zafin jiki na + 20 ... + 25 ° C. A lokacin rani, in babu mahimmancin sanyi a daren, ana bada shawara a cire tukwane a kan titi. Zaɓi wuraren ba tare da abubuwan zane ba.
Clusia fi son iska mai laushi kuma yana da kyau ya fesa ruwa tare da ruwa mai ɗumi. Ruwa da shuka sau da yawa, amma a cikin kananan rabo. An yarda bushewa na sama da ƙasa na ƙasa, amma ba a yarda da taɓar danshi ba.
Daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, clusia yana buƙatar taki. Kuna iya amfani da kayan adon ma'adinai na duniya. Itace mai lafiya yana buƙatar rabin rabi na taki wanda aka haƙa a ruwa don ban ruwa. A cikin hunturu, babu buƙatar takin bushes, an kuma rage rage ruwa.
A lokacin bazara, ana bada shawara don yanke rassan busassun furanni kuma tsunkule tukwicin harbe. Itace matsakaici mai sauƙi don ɗauka kuma yana baka damar samar da kambi mai kyan gani.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Clusia yana da tsayayya ga yawancin kwari da cututtuka. Babban matsalolin suna da alaƙa da kulawa mara kyau. Tare da rashin haske, ganye na clusia ya juya ya zama ja ya faɗi. Gyara yanayin zai taimaka ƙarin hasken wuta.
Tare da wuce kima watering, a whitish fungal shafi siffofin a kan ƙasa farfajiya. Zai iya yada zuwa Tushen tare da harbe-harben ƙasa kuma ya haifar da lalacewar shuka. Ya kamata a bushe ƙasar a kai a kai kuma a kwance, kuma a cire wuraren da suka lalace gaba ɗaya.
A cikin yanayi mai zafi da bushe, ana iya samun abubuwan fashewar gizo-gizo, scutellum, ko mealybug akan clots. Don magance kwari, ya fi kyau amfani da kwari nan da nan.
