A baki currant daga cikin iri iri Kernel nan da nan ya jawo hankalin tare da girman rikodin na berries, wanda ya kai santimita biyu a diamita, da kuma ƙanshin ƙanshin wari. Sakamakon juriya da zafi da dusar ƙanƙara, iri-iri sun yaɗu ba kawai a ƙasarta ta Yammacin Siberiya ba, har ma a yankin Turai na ƙasar.
Kernel - Altai iri-iri na manyan-fruited baki currant
Yadrenaya iri-iri an ƙirƙira shi ta hanyar shayarwa na Gorno-Altaysk a ƙarshen karni na karshe kuma nan da nan ya zama abin mamaki tsakanin lambu saboda girman ficewar .an itacen. Da sauri yada cikin Russia da makwabta kasashe, har yanzu ana ɗauka ɗayan manyan 'ya'yan itace currant na baƙar fata currant.
Kernel - babban-fruited da albarka iri-iri baƙar fata currant
Mountain Altai an san shi da yanayin yanayin ƙasa mai tsananin kyau tare da tsananin sanyi da kuma lokacin bazara. Saboda haka, Kernel ya fi sauran nau'in halittar baƙar fata da ke rayuwa a wurare masu zafi da bushe a kudanci. Yana girma da kyau a cikin lambuna na arewacin. Koyaya, shahararrun girbi na 5-6 kilogiram a kowane daji, kazalika da rikodin berries mai santimita biyu, suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin asalin Altai da kuma yankuna na kusa da Siberiya tare da currant.
Manyan berries na Yadrenoy currant nan da nan suna jan hankalin
Vigorous - tsakiyar-ripening iri-iri tare da dan kadan elongated ripening berries. Bushes ne yada matsakaici, tare da matsakaici girma girma, ba yiwuwa ga thickening. A ganye ne biyar-lobed, m, ba pubescent, duhu kore, wrinkled. Furanni masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi. A cikin kowane goga daga 6 zuwa 12 manyan isassun berries an ɗaure. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 3 g, samfurori na mutum sun kai g 5-6. berries ɗin na baƙi ne, tare da manyan tsaba masu yawa da fata mai kauri, mai kamshi sosai. Ku ɗanɗani daga m zuwa mai dadi da m. A safarar berries ne maras. An adana su ko da a cikin firiji don babu fiye da kwana uku. Babban amfani da amfanin gona shine daskarewa da sarrafawa don matsawa da "raw jam" (currants mashed da sukari). Lokacin da gwangwani, berries na ƙanshi mai ruwan acid na Yadrena an haɗe shi da kyawawan 'ya'yan itaciyar berry, ripening a lokaci guda, gooseberries, da farkon nau'in apple.
Za'a iya amfani da ganyen 'ya'yan ƙanshi na baƙar fata kamar yadda ake amfani da kayan yaji don kayan shayar, kayan salting da namomin kaza.
Daga m berries aromatic na currant shi dai itace mai ban mamaki jam
Bambancin halaye: ribobi da fursunoni - tebur
| Abvantbuwan amfãni | Rashin daidaito |
| Haihuwa da yawan aiki | Rashin cikawa |
| Manyan Vitaminanyen Fitsari masu ɗumbin Vitamin | Moarancin motsi |
| Babban yawan haihuwa | M dandano na berries, lokacin farin ciki fata, manyan tsaba |
| Resistancewar zafi da sanyi | Rashin daidaituwa na bushes |
Fasali
A cikin yanayi, blackcurrant yana girma tare da bankunan koguna da koguna, a gindin kogin da koguna ke gudana a cikin bazara, amma ba a taɓa samun su a cikin fadama ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin wuraren ruwa na ruwa, an shirya rarar magudanar ruwa ko an dasa currant akan ƙananan makoki. Ba zai yi tsiro a cikin ƙasa mai gishiri ba da ma kan acidic. Tare da acidity a ƙasa 5.5, shafin yana haɗuwa da farko tare da gari dolomite, 200-300 g a 1 m2 tono ko yin huɗa.
A cikin arewa, ya kamata a dasa currants a cikin wuraren buɗe rana. A cikin yankuna masu zafi da bushe, yana jin daɗi a cikin inuwa m har ma a cikin tuddai na arewacin, waɗanda basu da dacewa sosai ga sauran kayan amfanin gona.
A cikin wurare masu zafi, busassun, ana shuka currants a cikin inuwa m, ƙasa kuma an mulched da sawdust don adana danshi.
Vigorous - wani iri-iri ne mai saurin haihuwa wanda baya buƙatar pollinators. Kodayake tare da dasawar haɗin gwiwa na nau'ikan da yawa, ƙaramin haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa shima mai yiwuwa ne ga Yadrenoy.
Akasin mashahurin camfi, da yawa daga bushes iri na wasu nau'ikan da ke girma a kusa ba zai shafar dandano na berries ko girmansu ba.
A cewar wasu lambu, blackcurrant yana da mummunar illa a cikin cherries da cherries girma kusa, don haka dasa su mafi kyau daga juna. Maƙwabtaka da tsohuwar bishiyoyi da kyankyasai (catnip), wanda ke jujjuya murhu mai walƙiya, kwaro mai haɗari na currants, yana da amfani.
Kotovnik (catnip) - shuka mai da ƙanshin lemun tsami wanda yake jujjuya ƙwanƙwaran harshen wuta mai lahani ga currant
Wajibi ne a dasa shuki a cikin bazara, makonni 2-3 kafin a fara jin sanyi. A lokacin dasa shuki, currants suna ɗaukar tushen talauci sosai kuma suna rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci.
Mafi kyawun tsire-tsire sune shekara-shekara, tare da rassa 2-3 da tushe mai tushe mai yawa. Idan bushes yana da tushen buɗe tushen, ana sa su cikin jaka tare da ƙasa mai laushi ko aƙalla a nannade a cikin rigar raga kafin dasa.
A lokacin da dasa shuki, ba sa saka lemun tsami, ko takin zamani na ma'adinai, ko ciyawar sa, don kar a ƙona tushen seedlings.
Kyakkyawan currant seedlings suna da ganye lafiya da tushen sa
A cikin yankin da ke da ingantaccen ƙasa tare da ƙasa mai dausayi, ƙaramin rami ya isa shuka, isa ya saukar da tushen da buhunan 0.5 na humus. Lokacin dasa shuki a kan busasshiyar ƙasa, tono ramuka har zuwa rabin mitsi mai zurfi da fadi da yawa, ƙara buladi biyu na humus ko takin zuwa kowane ɗayan. Idan kana son shuka kamar bushes guda biyu, zaka iya tono ramuka kafin aiki a shafin. Lokacin dasa masana'antu, suna haƙa a gaba saboda yawan aiki mai yawa. Mafi karancin nisa tsakanin bushes a jere shine mita 1. Nisa tsakanin layuka ya dogara da kayan aikin da ake amfani da su, amma ba kasa da mita 2.
'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace a cikin shuka ana shirya su a hanya mai kyau, suna zurfafa tushen 5-5 cm a ƙasa na ƙasa
Hanyar don saukowa:
- Tona rami na girman da ya dace.
- Mix ƙasa daga gare ta tare da humus.
- Zuba karamin tudun wannan cakuda a kasan fossa.
- Sayar da seedling a wani kusurwa na 45 °, ajiye tushen wuya 5-8 cm ƙasa da ƙasa farfajiya.
- Yada tushen seedling.
- A hankali rufe sauran ƙasa.
- M zuba guga na ruwa daga watering iya tare da bututun ƙarfe a karkashin seedling, ba tare da eroding ƙasa.
- Nan da nan bayan an dasa, a ɗan lokaci yanke duk rassan seedling, barin 2-3 a kan kowane reshe sama da ƙasa.
Kula da tsiro
Currants suna da tushen tushen jiki, wanda aka lalace cikin sauƙi ta hanyar haƙa da kwance kuma yana wahala sosai tare da rashin danshi. Sabili da haka, yana da bu mai kyau a ciyawa ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bushes tare da kowane kayan da aka gyara. A kan tsiro mai inganci ya dace mu rufe hanyoyin da kayan rufi ko fim ɗin baƙar fata, wannan yana kawar da haɓakar ƙasa da ciyawa.
Kyakkyawan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu kyau: bushes suna thinned a cikin wani yanayi mai dacewa, ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsu an mulched tare da humus, aisles an rufe shi da fim ɗin baƙar fata
A cikin gidajen rani, inda ba kawai amfanin gona yake da mahimmanci ba, har ma da kyakkyawan kallo, wannan zaɓi shine mafi kyau duka:
- Kowane daji an bayyana shi a cikin da'irar tare da diamita na 60-80 cm.Idan ana so, zaku iya shinge shi da tubalin ko dutse. A cikin wannan da'irar, ƙasa tana mulmula da wani lokacin farin ciki na murhun itace, sawdust, nutshells, bambaro ko kuma a ɗan sarƙa ciyawa da busar ciyawa.
- Duk sararin samaniya tsakanin da'irar currant ana amfani da shi ne daga ciyawar daji, wanda mai sa ciyawa, ko datse ko kuma zazzage kawai yake hawa. Ciyawa ta ciyawa ana barin ta a wuri ko a cakuɗe a ƙarƙashin currants.
- A lokacin bazara, ciyawa daga karkashin daji tana da kyau a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Ana zuba guga na humus ko takin mai kyau a ƙarƙashin kowane shuka da aka liƙa, bayan wannan ciyawa ta koma wurin sa. Idan ya cancanta, ƙara sabon Layer na kayan rufewa. Ba lallai ba ne don maye gurbin ciyawa ta ciyawa gabaɗaya, sannu a hankali ana turɓowa kan tabo kuma ita kanta ta zama takin zamani mai kyau. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, tare da rashin humus, zaka iya ƙara 30-40 g na nitroammophoska a ƙarƙashin kowane daji, amma sakamakon zai zama mafi muni.
Idan baku kwararre ba kwararren masanin ilimin halittar dabbobi, manta game da ciyar da foliar da currants tare da takin ma'adinai, mullein da digawar kaji har abada. Don ƙwararrun 'yan lambu ba isasshe, sakamakon shine ɗayan kawai: ganyayyaki ƙona ko asalinsu, tsire-tsire masu lalacewa.
Ciyawa ciyawa a ƙarƙashin currants: m da m muhalli
Game da zargin "rashin jituwa" na currants da lawns: ba za mu iya bada izinin samuwar Turf kai tsaye ƙarƙashin bushes ba. Wani lokacin farin ciki na ciyawa (ko wani) ciyawa yana hana haɓakar ciyawa, kuma nan da nan ƙarƙashin bushes, a yankin da babban taro na tushen currant yake, ƙasa tana kwance da danshi.
Idan saboda wasu dalilai ba za ku iya ko ba sa so ku yi amfani da mulching ba, to ana iya girke hanyoyin. Amma ga ƙasa dama ƙarƙashin bushes akwai kawai manual loosening ba zurfi fiye da 5-7 cm - wani aiki sosai m da tedious. A lokaci guda, kashi ɗaya na takin zamani yana ƙaruwa da kwata.
A lokacin da watering, a ko'ina moisten dukan yankin na akwati da'irar
A cikin yanayin bushewa, currants suna buƙatar shayarwa, musamman a wannan lokacin daga ƙarshen fure zuwa farkon ɓarna na berries. Da babu ruwan sama, shayar sau ɗaya a mako a cikin guga na ruwa a kan daji, a ko'ina moistening dukan surface na akwati da'irar. A lokacin canza launin da berries kuma kafin girbi, shi ne mafi alh notri ba ruwa, sabõda haka, 'ya'yan itãcen ba crack. Bayan an girbe, ana ci gaba da sha har sai tsakiyar watan Agusta. A cikin kaka mai bushewa bayan faɗuwar ganye, ban ruwa na ruwa na bulo uku na ruwa kowace daji yana da kyawawa.
Kulawar dasa kayan abinci - bidiyo
Currant pruning
Blackcurrant shine tsire-tsire na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Ko da tare da rigakafin tsufa na yau da kullun, yana da ma'ana don kiyaye bushes girmi shekaru fiye da shekaru goma a gonar. A cikin Yadrenaya iri-iri, suna tsufa musamman da sauri idan aka kwatanta da sauran iri daban-daban, kuma ana ƙirƙirar berries na masu girma dabam ne kawai akan rassan matasa da ƙananan tsire-tsire.
Lokacin girkin, tsoho, mara lafiya, ya karye, an cire rassan da ke kwance a ƙasa
Yadda za a datsa:
- Na farko pruning na currants ne da za'ayi nan da nan lokacin da seedling dasa, lokacin da duk rassan suna taqaitaccen by 2-3 buds sama da ƙasa.
- A farkon shekara bayan dasa, harbe da yawa suna haɓaka daga waɗannan buds. A cikin bazara na shekara ta biyu suna yankan rabi.
- Daga shekara ta uku, ana gudanar da kayan kwalliya bisa ga ka'ida ta gaba: a kowace shekara a bar 2-3 mafi karfi sabbin tasoshin basal kuma a yanke su a tushe na tsofaffin 2-3. Slices ana yin su a matakin ƙasan ƙasa, ba tare da barin kututture ba.
Lokacin yankan a ƙarƙashin tushe, ana yin yanka a matakin ƙasa, ba tare da barin kututture ba
- Da farko dai, suna cire duk bushewa, sun karye kuma a zahiri marasa lafiya. Kuna iya yin wannan a kowane lokaci. The mafi rauni fi na harbe (bushewa fita, lalacewa ta hanyar kwari) gajarta zuwa sashi lafiya.
- Zai dace mu datsa cikin sharuddan biyu:
- a cikin bazara, lokacin da duk lalacewar hunturu da ƙwararrun ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwayoyi na cikin kwari sun zama sananne;
- a ƙarshen Berry tarawa, lokacin da yawan amfanin kowane reshe da ƙarfin girma ne bayyananne bayyane.
- Idan an samar da sababbin harbe-harbe fiye da yadda ake buƙata, an datse ƙarin waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin tushe. Kyakkyawan daji da ya kafa daidai ya ƙunshi rassa 10-12 na shekaru daban-daban.
- A cikin manyan bushes, ana yanke tsoffin rassan da ke kwance a ƙasa. A da kyau kafa currant daji ba ya bukatar wani goyon baya.
Properlywararren daji mai ƙarfi da aka kirkiro na currant baya buƙatar tallafi
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Kernel iri-iri yana da tsayayye ga ƙwayar cuta ta gama gari a Siberiya, amma tana wahala sosai daga anthracnose. Game da kashin koda, bayanin ya sabawa: da farko iri-iri sun kasance masu jure wannan kwaro a mahaifarta, amma idan aka girma a yankin Turai na ƙasar, anfi fuskantar cutar sosai. Matakan sunadarai masu tasiri basu wanzu akan yawancin cututtukan cututtukan fata ba, saboda haka, bincika tsire-tsire na yau da kullun da lalata ƙwayoyin kwari suna da mahimmanci.
Babban matakan kare currants daga kwari da cututtuka - tebur
| Take | Ta yaya ya bayyana? | Abin da za a yi da shi |
| Aphids | Matasa ganye akan firam na harbe an juya kuma an rufe su da ƙananan kwari masu laushi. | Tsunkule abin da ya shafa ya kuma lalata tare da aphid. |
| Gilashin | Smallan ƙaramin malam buɗe ido tare da fuka-fuki bayyananniya, masarauttansu suna rayuwa kuma suna ciyarwa a cikin harbewar currant, suna sa su bushe. |
|
| Wuta | Moan ƙaramin launin toka-mai launin ruwan kasa-kamar malam buɗe ido. Kwakwalwarta suna ciyar da tumatir, suna ƙara cobwebs. |
|
| Kodan kaska | A cikin bazara, da mite-shafi kodan ba Bloom, amma suna inflated da bukukuwa, kamar kankanin shugabannin kabeji. |
|
| Terry | Wata cuta mai haɗari da kwayar cutar kwayar cuta wacce ke juyawa da furanni masu launin zuwa taurari masu rarrafe tare da ƙananan kanti. | A kashe ciyawar da ta bushe. |
| Septoria | A ƙarshen bazara, aibanan duhu mai duhu tare da kyakkyawan fili tsakiyar cibiyar ya bayyana akan ganyayyaki. |
|
| Anthracnose | Speanan saƙo mai launin ruwan kasa suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, ganye mai rauni da ke ƙasa ya bushe ya faɗi ya faɗi. | |
| Ball tsatsa | Abin sani kawai yana shafar currant a kusanci zuwa marshes sedge. A cikin bazara, tubercles na rawaya ya bayyana akan ganye. Tare da mummunan lalacewa, ganyayyaki da berries suna da rauni kuma suna faɗuwa. | |
| Harafin tsatsa | Yana shafar currant kawai a kusanci zuwa itatuwan itacen al'ul na Cedar (Siberian cedar). A lokacin rani, aibobi rawaya suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki, kadan daga baya an rufe ƙananan gefen su tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda |
Karin kwari da cututtuka na currant - gallery
- A aphids na harbe tare da Twisted ganye dauke da aphids dole ne a pinched kuma hallaka
- Gilashin launin fata - karamin malam buɗe ido tare da fuka-fuki
- Gilashin gilashin suna zaune a cikin rassan currant, suna haifar da su bushe
- Currant mousse - ƙaramin, malam buɗe ido mai santsi, mai kama da asu
- Mummunan itacen wuta-bishi yana ciyar da fure mai tushe, yana ɗaure su da cobwebs
- A currant buds shafi kaska suna inflated da bukukuwa, ganye ba su Bloom
- Currant terry ne mai cutar rashin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri
- Tare da septoria, aibobi tare da farin tsakiyar suna bayyana akan ganye
- Lokacin da mummunar cutar anthracnose ta shafa, ganye yakan bushe ya faɗi
- Kara tsatsa ya shafi currants a kusanci zuwa sedge marshes
- Gurbata tsatsa - sananniyar cuta ta currant da itacen al'ul (itacen al'ul na Siberian)
'Yan lambu sun sake yin nazari game da ire-iren Yadrenaya
Na ce ban kwana da wannan karatun ba. Berry yana da girma, amma yana daɗaɗawa sosai ba bisa ƙa'ida ba a goga, idan kun jira cikakken ripening, to, na farko zai yi garaje. Ee, kuma dandano shine mediocre.
Nab//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=7873
Rashin daidaituwa ta wata hanya,, idan don kaina, don compotes. Idan aka kwatanta shi da Selechenskaya-2, Yadrennaya yana da alamar dandano mai ɗanɗano da m. Zai yi aiki don aiki, kuma a gare ni ya narke a gaban kowa. Amma abokai, suna zuwa ziyarar, suna mamakin girman.
Tsarinka//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=7873
Ta hanyar Berry - mafi girma. Tewanin Berry mara ƙanƙanci gaskiya ne. Amma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da kyau. Gyara duk biennial harbe. A bara - yana ba da girbi mai kyau na manyan ɗakuna masu adalci ɗaya. Babban koma baya shine masaukin harbe harbe da aka girka tare da amfanin gona. A safarar berries ma yana so mafi kyau.
Sergey Protsenko//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?s=47ea6a9e2cad5b3febe6b46f25ea902b&t=7873&page=2
A wannan shekara, tare da mummunan bazara, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta buga -11 a cikin buɗe furanni, Yadrenaya iri-iri sun tabbatar da cewa ma'aikaci ne amintacce.Wasu nau'ikan ba su yi fure ba, kuma wannan nau'in an kawai gudana tare da furanni. Don haka zan iya ba da shawarar shi zuwa arewa. Sosai tayi murna da ita.
CTU//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?s=47ea6a9e2cad5b3febe6b46f25ea902b&t=7873&page=2
Bambancin Yadrenaya ya riga ya wuce kansa. Komawar ya shafe shi sosai kuma yawan adadin mulkin mallaka na shekaru 1-2 ne. Baya ga bugawa, Nucleus yana da kayan lalata, watau, wani lokacin harbi tare da berries ƙanana ya girma kuma daji a hankali yake ɓulɓula.
Victor Bratkin//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=5155&start=30
Duk da kasawar, Yadrenaya iri-iri za su zama sananne a tsakanin masu lambu har tsawon lokaci mai zuwa. Berriesoshinta mai ƙanshi mai ƙanshi cikakke cikakke ne don daskarewa da sarrafawa, kuma juriyarsa don zafi da sanyi yana ba ku damar shuka wannan iri-iri a yankuna ba tare da yanayi mai kyau na aikin lambu ba.
