Ginura wata itaciya ce mai tasowa daga dangin Aster wacce ke da ganye mai laushi wanda aka rufe da babban karen. Pewararrunsu na yau da kullun suna kwance a cikin canza launin sabon abu. Cilia sune shunayya, Lilac ko ruwan hoda. Wannan yana jan hankalin mai yawa ga shuka, duka daga masu farawa da kuma lambu da suka kware. Ginura a gida yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali, domin daji ya girma sosai kuma yana jin daɗin sabon harbe. Babu asirin da yawa kuma suna da sauƙin Jagora.
Bayanin Botanical
Halittar ginura ya hada da ciyawa da ciyawa. Matasa harbe mafi yawanci suna da madaidaiciyar siffar, amma ƙarshe wilted. Dankin yana ba da kansa sosai don gyarawa akan tallafi, amma ana iya amfani dashi azaman amel. Don launi da tsawon harbe, ana kiran ginur "tsuntsu shudi" ko kuma "macen da wutsiya."
Gashinann yana da sashin layi na hudu kuma suna iya isa zuwa tsawon mita. Koyaya, matsakaicin matsakaici ba tare da tallafi ba ya wuce cm 30. An kafa hanyoyin Lateral akan rassan, suna taimakawa ƙirƙirar kambi mai kauri da ƙari.
Triangular ko m ganye suna located a kara kusa, suna haɗe da gajerun petioles. Samfurann dake gindin kara suna da girma babba, tsayin su ya kai cm 20. Fentin faranti da gefuna da aka sassaka ana fentin su cikin duhu kore. Violet, purple ko lilac pubescence mafi rinjaye a bayan ganye, har da gefenta da kuma gefen jijiya.
Lokacin fure na ginura yana faduwa ne a watan Disamba-Mayu, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayi masu kyau na iya ci gaba cikin shekara. A ƙarshen mai tushe ko a cikin axils na ganye, corymbose inflorescences da yawa rawaya, shunayya, ja, kore ko fure mai fure. Furannin furanni masu launin shuɗi ko lemo suna da sifar sifa. A buds exude wani m pungent ƙanshi cewa ba kowa zai so. Saboda haka, furannin da ba a gama buɗe ido ba sukan fashe, suna jin daɗin ɗanɗano ne kawai.
Bayan fure, yadudduka iri mai kwalliya tare da kyawawan tsaba masu launin fari, tare da wutsiyoyi marasa lafiya akan ƙarshensu.
Nau'in Ginura
A cewar kungiyoyin kimiyya, kusan akwai nau'ikan 50 a cikin halittar ginura, amma 'yan kalilan ne ke girma cikin al'ada.
Ginura orange ne. Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi game da. Java A wata bishiyar bishiyoyi masu kwari tare da harbe-harbe, akwai ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi tare da matsi mai ruwan hoda. Fushin da ba a barinsa yana da haƙoran hakora daban-daban a kowane gefe. Inflorescences a cikin nau'i na kwanduna sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni tare da ƙananan karafa. Furanni ana fentin launin shuɗi.
Ginura wicker. Dankin ya zama ruwan dare gama duniya a Gabashin Afirka kuma ana rarrabe shi da ƙananan ganye da aka sassaka da launin shuɗi mai haske. Drooping mai tushe densely pubescent da Lilac tari. Tsawonsu bai wuce santimita 60 ba. Fari mai launin shuɗi ko hasken lemo yana ƙare a ƙarshen harbe.
Ginura pinnatis Wani tsiro mai ƙarancin magani wanda aka saba da shi a Kudancin China. Ya na da dogon zango mai haske, ana rufe shi da ganye mai haske. Inflorescences suna kan tsayin daka na kafaɗun kafaɗa, suna kama da ja-orange ƙwallan daidai. Don al'adunsa na tonic, ana kiran pinnatipore ginura sau da yawa "ɓataccen-ginseng."
Ginura ta tashi. Wannan irin nau'in saukin da ake amfani dashi shine irin shuki. Ganyayyaki na petiole na yau da kullun suna da takamaiman gefuna kuma suna da launin launin fata-launin ruwan kasa. A farfajiya na farantin ganye, tare da jijiyoyin jikinsu, akwai launuka masu launin shuɗi.
Ginura variegate. An bambanta shuka da ganye daban-daban. Matashi mai ɗanɗano ya ɗanɗana fenti a cikin ɗan inuwa mai haske, amma a hankali duhu kofofin duhu suka bayyana a kai. A ƙananan ganye, ratsin ruwan hoda ya kasance kawai tare da gefuna.
Sake buguwa da dasawa
Sake bugun ginura ana aiwatar da ita ta hanyar ciyayi. Don wannan, an yanke cutukan apical tare da ganye 2-3. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da ganye mai ganye. Rooting yana aikata a cikin ruwan zãfi. Bayan kwanaki 7-10 a cikin yanayi mai dumi da haske, Tushen ƙaƙƙarfan ya bayyana a cikin shuka. An watsa shi cikin ƙananan tukwane tare da ƙasa don tsirrai.
Ya kamata a aiwatar da jujjuyawar Ginura a cikin bazara a kowace shekara ta 1-3. Ba a zaɓi tukunya ya yi girma da yawa ba, in ba haka ba furen zai himmatu wajen ƙara yawan tushen, kuma ɓangaren ƙasa na iya yin rashin lafiya har ma ya mutu. A kasan tukunyar ya sa wani yanki na kayan magudanar ruwa. An zaɓi ƙasa mai gina jiki da haske. Ana iya haɗuwa da abubuwanda aka haɗa:
- ƙasa turb
- takarda ƙasa;
- ganye humus;
- yashi.
Bayan dasawa, ya kamata a canja wurin ginur zuwa wani wuri mai dauke da hasken wutar lantarki na tsawon kwanaki da karancin ruwa. Sau da yawa shuka yana girma kuma yana shimfiɗawa, yana rasa tasirin ado. An shawarci masu siyar da kwararru da su sake farfado dashi a kowace shekara 2-3.
Zaɓin wuri
Zaɓi hanyar da ta dace don ginura zai taimaka rage kulawa da shi mara nauyi.
Haske Ginura hoto ne. Tana buƙatar zaɓar wuri mai zafin rana, amma a cikin tsananin zafi don inuwar ganye daga faɗuwar rana tare da labulen bakin ciki. Inganta ingantaccen akan windows ko gabas. A cikin hunturu, ƙarin wutar lantarki wajibi ne, musamman tare da abun ciki mai dumi. In ba haka ba, an ja da mai tushe kuma an fallasa su da sauri.
Zazzabi A lokacin bazara, ana kiyaye ginuru a + 20 ... + 24 ° C. Kuna iya sanya shi a baranda a buɗe ko a cikin lambu. Ya kamata a kiyaye wurin da kyau daga zane-zane da ruwan sama mai nauyi. A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a saukar da yawan zafin jiki zuwa + 12 ... + 14 ° C. Tare da raguwa a cikin lokutan hasken rana, sanyaya zai kare harbe daga shimfiɗa.
Haushi. Ginura ya san yadda za a daidaita da yanayin yanayin iska, amma yana jin daɗin kusa da gawarwakin ruwa (akwatin kifaye, marmaro, kandami). Spraying da wanka fley ganye ne wanda ba a ke so.
Siffofin Kulawa
Kyakkyawan ginura mai ƙarancin haske ne, kula da gida yana cikin ikon marowaci da ɗan ƙwarewa.
Watse. Ruwa furen a kai a kai. Ya kamata ruwa ya zama da dumi kuma ya tsarkaka. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da yanayin ƙasa. Ya kamata ya bushe da rabi, amma, ba a son ganyayyaki ya rasa turgor. Yana da kyau a shayar da ginura ta cikin kwanon rufi don kada ruwa ya tara ganyayyaki da kuma kusa da mai tushe.
Taki. A cikin bazara da lokacin rani, ana haɗuwa da ginura a kowace ranakun 10-14. Ragowar lokacin, ciyarwa ɗaya a cikin makonni 4-6 ya isa. Kuna iya amfani da ma'adinai na duniya da abubuwan haɗin kwayoyin. An shayar da su da ruwa mai yawa kuma an sanya su cikin ƙasa.
Mai jan tsami. Don samar da kambi mai kyan gani, dole ne a goge ginur a kai a kai kuma a haɗa shi. Yi wannan daga farkon shekarunsa, lokacin da furen ya bayyana ganye 4-5. Ya isa ka cire ɗan ganye da aka murƙushe tare da ƙugun yatsa don harbin zai bar ayyukan gewaye da yawa. A cikin bazara, zaku iya yin kayan kwalliya mai tsayi da amfani da kayan kazari don yaduwa. Don horar da ɗanɗana harbe mai tsawo, zaku iya ƙirƙirar baka na waya kuma ku gyara utsan itacen da zaren. Wasu 'yan lambu sun fi son girma fure a cikin tukunyar filawa, ba da damar lashes ya girma zuwa tsawon da ake so.
Cutar da kwari. Ginura na iya fama da cututtukan fungal idan da yawan ruwa yakan yi yawo a cikin ƙasa ko kuma ya tara ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki. Yana da wuya a ceci tsire-tsire mai taushi. Hanya daya tilo itace. Yana da mahimmanci kawar da naman gwari gaba ɗaya: maye gurbin ƙasa, goge tukunya da bi da kambi tare da fungicide.
A cikin bazara da bazara, ana iya samun daskararre, ƙulle gizo-gizo, thrips ko mealybug a kan shuka. Kwari-iska zai taimaka wajen kawar da cututtukan fata. Yakamata a saya su a cikin siran fesawa don miyagu masu ban sha'awa su kasance akan ganyayyaki.
