Poinsettia kyakkyawa ce mai tsayi har abada daga dangin Euphorbia. Wannan bishiyar Mexico tana jan hankali da ganye mai haske wanda, kamar manyan taurari, kewaya furanni. Itatuwa na fure a lokacin hunturu kuma ana amfani dashi azaman Kirsimeti mai dadi. An yi imani da cewa poinsettia yana jawo wadata da wadatar arziki ga gidan. Koyaya, ba kowa ne ke samun nasarar sake yin fure ba, don haka bayan hutu yawancin "taurarin Kirsimeti" suna cikin shara. Godiya ga 'yan shawarwari masu sauki, poinsettia zasu gamsar da masu gidan na dogon lokaci mai zuwa.
Bayanin Botanical
Poinsettia itace mai yaduwa ne. A cikin gandun daji na Mekziko, tsayinsa na iya kaiwa zuwa 3-4 m, amma furanni na cikin gida sun cika girma. Dankin yana ciyarwa da taimakon fezrous rhizome. Sama sama da ƙasa suke, madaidaitan harbe.
Kyakkyawan kambi ya ƙunshi ganye da yawa. Sassan thean ganye masu haske ko m ba zai yi daidai ba ko yadudduka, ya nuna zuwa ƙarshen bakin su. Mafi sau da yawa, ganye yana fentin duhu kore tare da ratsan wuta mai sauƙi tare da jijiyoyin. Tsawon farantin takardar shine 10-15 cm.
Poinsettia blooms a cikin hunturu, tare da ɗan gajeren hasken rana. Yana wucewa daga mako biyu zuwa shida. Furen kansu suna cikin ƙananan kantuna kuma suna jawo hankalin kaɗan. Wata lafazin haske mai ƙarfin zuciya. Kwancen kwandon shara mai kwalliya mai kwalliya sama da babban kambi. Poinsettia tsaba sun haɗu a cikin ƙananan kwalaye. Bayan fure, fure da ɓangaren ganyayyaki sun faɗi kuma lokacin hutu zai fara.
Mafi yawanci ana samun su a cikin al'ada poinsettia mafi kyau. Ganyenta mai yawa ya zama kambi mai kambi. Bracts masu launin ja da kama taurari masu haske. Masu shayarwa sun buge da nau'ikan kayan ado da yawa na ƙara girman launuka tare da ganyayyaki masu launin launuka masu yawa:
- Carousel ruwan hoda - veins masu launin kore ana iya ganinsu a kan bracts masu ruwan hoda;
Carousel ruwan hoda - Wuta na Cortez - tsire-tsire tare da manyan ganye masu launin shuɗi a kewayen furanni;
Cortez wuta - Jingle Karrarawa Sonora - nau'ikan da suka bambanta tare da shunayya mai burgundy, braids da aka rufe da farin ratsi;
Karrarawa sonora - Regina - a saman ganye tare da hasken lemun tsami tint, kore veins ana gani;
Regina - Whitestar - iri-iri tare da dusar kankara-fari.
Whitestar
Dokokin Sayo
Ya kamata ku zaɓi poinsettia tare da ƙasa mai laushi da matsakaici mai yawa na rufe buds. Irin waɗannan bushes mafi kyau jure wa karbuwa zuwa sabon wuri. A gida kuna buƙatar neman wuri mai haske tare da yawan zafin jiki na +18 ... + 22 ° C. Tsarin dalla-dalla zuwa shuka suna contraindicated. Makonni uku, suna ƙoƙarin kada su dame poinsettia, to, ana ɗaukar karbuwa cikakke ne. Ana iya dasa tauraron Kirsimeti cikin ƙasa mai dacewa. Idan ka bi waɗannan ka'idodi masu sauƙi, to tabbatattun abubuwa na poinsettia zasu kasance tsawon watanni.
Kiwo
A cikin yanayin muhalli, poinsettia ana yadu dashi ta zuriya. Tana bada yawan yaduwar kai kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Yana da kusan yiwuwa a cimma zurfin maturation na houseplant, sabili da haka, a gida, ana yin yaduwar poinsettia a cikin hanyar ciyayi.
Don tushen tushe a farkon bazara, ana yanke cutukan apical kusan tsawon cm 10. An dasa su cikin kwantena tare da cakuda yashi-zurfin zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm kuma ana kiyaye su a zazzabi na + 22 ... + 26 ° C. Rooting zai ɗauki makonni 2-3. Yana da mahimmanci a kai a kai ruwa. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, tsirran ba zai yi rawar gani kamar girma ba kuma ba zai yi fure ba. Yana da mahimmanci kada a runtse da zafin jiki na ɗakin a ƙasa + 16 ° C. A tsakiyar kaka, matasa poinsettias suna dasa su cikin tukwane mara zurfi har zuwa 20 cm fadi tare da kasar gona don tsirrai.
Dokokin Canje-canje
Poinsettia raɗaɗi dashi, don haka wannan hanya ana aiwatar da ita kawai idan ya cancanta. A watan Mayu, kafin fara aiki ya fara aiki, an cire daji daga tukunya kuma a canja shi zuwa sabon akwati ba tare da lalata tsohuwar kurar ba. A kasan tukunya, an saka kayan magudanar ruwa da kuma cakuda ƙasa da aka gama. Yakamata ya hada da wadannan abubuwan:
- kogin kogi;
- peat;
- takardar ƙasa.
Bayan dasawa, an dakatar da saka riguna na tsawon watanni 2, tunda sabuwar ƙasa ta ƙunshi isasshen abubuwan gina jiki ba tare da su ba.
Hawan poinsettia
Poinsettia mafi yawanci sayo blooming, amma ba kowa ba ne ya san yadda ake kulawa da kyau ba bayan bushewar furanni. Yana da mahimmanci shirya tsire-tsire don lokacin sanyi. A ƙarshen Fabrairu, lokacin da katakon ƙarfe ya fadi, toka ya kamata a yanke. Harbi ba ya wuce cm 12-15 a tsayi kuma yakamata ya kasance sama da ƙasa .. A hankali an rage ɗimbin ruwa har ƙasa da ƙurar ke bushewa gaba ɗaya. A lokacin dormancy, ana shayar da poinsettia ne kawai idan ganyayyaki suka fara bushewa. Daga tsakiyar-bazara, harbe da matasa masu ganye na rayayye fara girma. Kuna buƙatar canja wurin fure zuwa wuri mai haske kuma kuyi ruwa akai-akai.
Don cimma bayyanar furanni don hutun Sabuwar shekara, daga watan Satumba poinsettias suna ba da duhu da tsawon dare. Kowace rana da maraice, an rufe daji da kayan baƙar fata na opaque na tsawon awanni 14-15. A farkon Disamba, ana iya samo buds akan tukwicin rassan. Yawancin lokaci a wannan lokaci na shekara ranar ya riga ya isa, saboda haka ba a buƙatar tsari. Kuna iya sanya shuka a kan windowsill, amma bai kamata ya taɓa gilashin sanyi ba. Lokacin da fure suka bayyana, ganye kore kewaye dasu da sauri juya zuwa launuka mai haske kuma poinsettia yana ɗaukar kyan gani.
Kula da tsiro
Don yin poinsettia kama da kyau da kuma Bloom a kai a kai a gida, da grower zai buƙaci wasu fasaha. Kulawa ya hada da zabar wurin da ya dace. A shuka fi son dakuna da diffused haske. Hasken rana kai tsaye kada ya fadi akan ganye.
Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 18 ... + 24 ° C. Sanyaya a ƙasa + 16 ° C, da kuma yawan zafi fiye da + 27 ° C, yana haifar da rashin lafiya har ma da mutuƙar shuka. Yana da mahimmanci don kare bushes daga hawa da sauka a cikin zafin jiki da kwarkwata. Ko da saduwa tare da gilashin taga gilashin sanyi yana cutar da lafiyar su.
A shuka yana buƙatar zafi mai zurfi, amma spraying ganye ne fraught tare da bayyanar mummuna aibobi. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da iska mai iska, sanya busassun yumɓu da ke kusa da tukunya ko fesa ruwa a wani ɗan nesa daga kambi.
A lokacin da ciyayi masu aiki da fure, poinsettia ne a kai a kai kuma ana shayar da yalwa. Sosai kawai yakamata ya bushe. Ya kamata a zana ruwan da yake cikin kwanon don guje wa ci gaban tushen lalacewa. Don ruwa, ana amfani da ruwa mai dumi, saboda supercooling na Tushen yana haifar da faɗuwar ganye.
Poinsettia an ciyar da abinci tare da mahaɗan ma'adinai don tsirrai na cikin gida. Daga Mayu zuwa Agusta ana amfani da su ga ƙasa kowane ranakun 10-14. A lokacin furanni da dormancy, babban miya yana contraindicated.
Tare da kulawa da ta dace, poinsettia ba ta fama da cututtukan tsire-tsire ba, amma ana iya aukuwa ta hanyar kwayoyi. Her kambi m ne lokaci-lokaci farmaki ta gizo-gizo mites, sikelin kwari, mealybugs. Daga kwari na taimakawa fesa ko wanka a karkashin ruwa mai rauni. Yana da amfani mu bi da maganin kashe kwari.
