Stalk (cerastium) shine tsire-tsire na perennial herbaceous a cikin dangin Clove. An fara gano shi a gabar Tekun Balkan, amma an samu nasarar fure fure a Eurasia, Afirka da Ostiraliya. An horar da shi a Rasha. Halittar yana da nau'ikan halittu sama da ɗari. Kyakkyawan fasalin sune madawwamiyar azurfa da ganye, da kuma furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara. Kayan lamuran itace suna kama da kifin dusar ƙanƙara. Ko da lokacin da furanni ya ƙare, murfin maras ban sha'awa yana jawo hankalin da yawa kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa lokacin sanyi. Wani ciyayi yana ba da wuri mai faɗi. Ba shi da wahala a kula da ita, kawai a karanta wasu ka'idodi masu sauki.
Bayanin Shuka
HALITTAR HALITTAR ya ƙunshi tsire-tsire na shekara da shekara da keɓewa. Furen yana ciyar da ɗimbin wuta, ran wasa na sama. An dauke shi da ƙarfi sosai saboda rassan kwance, waɗanda ke ba da izinin stalk don shimfiɗa shi tsawon nisa. Creeping, kafa ko tashi rassan rassan daga gindi. Ana yin zane da zane a cikin inuwa mai launin shuɗi-kore kuma an rufe shi da ɗan gajeren zango.
Ganyayyaki masu adawa suna zama a tsaye akan kara ko kuma suna da gajerun petioles. An nuna farantin filawa, tsallake ko lanceolate farantin ganye a ƙarshen kuma yana da gefuna masu kauri. Za'a iya fentin ganye a cikin koren duhu ko azurfa. Akwai nau'ikan ganye tare da danda ko ganye mai yawa. Don laushi na ganye, wani lokacin ana kiran sa ciyawar "kunnuwa na ƙwaya".
Daga farkon shekaru goma na Mayu, yalwataccen fure da tsawaita farawa. Furanni na iya sake fitowa a watan Yuli. A buds suna a ƙarshen harbe. Faɗin su diamita 1-2 cm. Corolla ya ƙunshi farkuna biyar da ƙusoshin a cikin nau'i na bakin ciki da gajeriyar shafi. A ƙarshen ƙarshen, ana iya ganin sa alama a cikin nau'in tauraro mai haske biyar. An rufe furannin fararen yadudduka da wasu launuka masu tsawo na kore ko launin ruwan kasa. Daga gefen furannin kusan zuwa tsakiya akwai yankan.
A sakamakon pollination, 'ya'yan itacen ripens - kwalin iri na siffar silima. Ya ƙunshi tsaba masu ban tsoro da launin ruwan kasa. Abin lura ne cewa daga Latin “cerastium” an fassara shi da “fure mai ban tsoro”.
Iri ciyawa
HALITTAR Japolis suna da yawa sosai, amma lambu na gida musamman ya faɗi ƙauna tare da varietiesan nau'in kayan ado.
Filin firam (cerastium vulgaris). Itataccen tsire har zuwa 40 cm tsayi yana da duhu kore harbe da ganye. An rufe su da gajeru, mara nauyi. Unda'idodin ganye da aka zagaye ko ƙetare suna da ƙananan petioles. Flowersanan furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai launin fari tare da buɗe ido mai launin rawaya a watan Mayu kuma ya wuce har zuwa watanni 4.
An ji warbler. Tsarin tsiro mai tsiro 20-30 cm yana densely mai cike da murfin azurfar. Tare da tsawon tsawon harbe akwai ƙananan ganye na lanceolate. Fulawa ya fara a cikin watan Mayu kuma zai iya zuwa kwanaki 35. Girman daskararren furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara-ƙasa ba su wuce 1 cm ba.Rage iri-iri yana girma a hankali kuma kusan ba ya faɗaɗa komai.
Bieberstein shaho Jirgin kasa ya zama wani labule mai laushi, kamar labule mai kama har zuwa cm 20. Ganyayyaki masu launin kore mai launin shuɗi da mai tushe sun rufe da gajeriyar fayel amma mai yawa. A ƙarshen mai tushe, ƙananan laima mai ƙarfi inflorescences Bloom. Girman dansandan corolla yana da kusan cm 1.5. Yana fure a watan Mayu da Yuni. Yana girma sosai kuma yana buƙatar tsayayye ƙuntatawa.
Alpine stalk. Tsarin shuka ya kafa, tsirar bishiyoyi har zuwa santimita 15. Ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi-kore masu launin suna tare da tsawon tsawon harbe. Furanni masu nunin furanni masu nisan har zuwa 2 cm a farkon watan Mayu. Petals suna da ƙarfi a cikin kashi biyu.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa kuma mafi sauƙi don yaduwar ƙwayar itace ita ce shuka iri. A cikin ƙasa buɗe, ana shuka iri a watan Oktoba ko tsakiyar watan Afrilu. A watan Maris, zaku iya shuka shuka don shuka. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kwantena tare da haske, ƙasa mai dausayi. An rarraba ƙananan tsaba a farfajiya kuma suna shayar da ƙasa. Ya kamata a sanya kwandon a wuri mai cike da hasken wuta kuma a kiyaye shi da zazzabi na + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Harbe yana bayyana a rana ta goma. Yana da mahimmanci a shayar da tsirrai da matukar kulawa don kar su yi birgima. Lokacin da growa thean tsiran suka girma zuwa 5 cm a tsayi, ana rayuwarsu cikin tukwane daban na tsire-tsire 2-3. A cikin bude ƙasa, ana shuka shuka seedlings a ƙarshen Mayu ko kuma a farkon watan Yuni.
Ana iya yaduwar nau'in tsiro na tsiro a cikin hanyoyin tsirrai:
- Raba daga daji. A lokacin bazara, lokacin da tsire-tsire ke fara tashi, ɓangaren labulen ya rabu kuma, tare da dunƙulewar ƙasa, an watsa shi zuwa sabon wuri.
- Rooting cuttings. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin bazara, kafin a fara fure, ko a watan Agusta, bayan kammalawa. Yanke mai tushe suna kafe a cikin bude ƙasa. Rana kafin a yanke, an shayar da ciyawar ta yalwa sosai har sai an harba firam ɗin da danshi. Kafin kafuwar tushe, ana kiyaye seedlings a ƙarƙashin kaho.
Dokokin saukarwa
Domin kututture ya girma zuwa kyakkyawan labule, ya wajaba a kula da zaɓin wuri da ingancin ƙasa. A kasar gona ya zama haske da crumbly. Ya kamata a riga an haƙa shi zuwa zurfin 15-20 cm kuma a karya manyan Clods. A cikin loamy, stony ko yashi loamy ƙasa, kuna buƙatar yin takin, abin da aka yanka da peat kadan. Yayi nauyi mai nauyi gauraye da yashi mai yawa. Ana shuka busassun a cikin ƙananan ramuka daban tare da nisan cm 25-30. A cikin kwanakin farko bayan dasa, ya kamata a shayar da tsire-tsire sau da yawa.
Godiya ga tari mai yawa, ciyawar ba ta wahala daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Tana ƙaunar wuraren da ke da kyau-sosai kuma tana iya rashin lafiya a cikin inuwa mai ɓoye ko kuma a wurare masu inuwa sosai. Saboda ƙazanta da ƙarancin ruwan sha, magudanan ruwa da iska mai ƙarfi ba sa tsoron ta.
Kula da tsiro
Kula da sandar yana da sauƙin isa. Ya kamata a shayar dashi sosai. Sai kawai a cikin matsanancin zafi ana iya ƙara karamin adadin ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe. Itace tana da tsayayya da fari kuma yawanci tana gamuwa da ruwan sama na halitta.
An lokaci-lokaci ana shawarar sassauta kasar gona kusa da shuka. Wannan yana taimakawa iska ta shiga cikin tushen kuma yana kawar da ciyawa. Saboda haka cewa kasar gona bayan ban ruwa ba a rufe da ɓawon burodi, ya kamata a mulched a cikin bazara.
A cikin ƙasa mai kyau, ciyawar ba ta buƙatar taki. Mai rauni tsire-tsire za a iya ciyar da sau ɗaya yayin lokacin furanni. Don wannan, ana amfani da abubuwan haɗa ma'adinai don tsire-tsire masu fure.
A hankali, ciyawar ɗan ƙasa tana faɗaɗa kuma ba kyan gani ba. Don guje wa wannan, a cikin bazara, an yanke ciyawar zuwa rabin tsawon harbe.
Abincin yana da tsayayya ko da tsananin sanyi. Yankin yayi sanyi ba tare da tsari a tsakiyar Rasha da ma wasu yankuna na arewacin ba. Idan kayi amfani da fim, bushes ɗin zai iya aure kuma ya mutu. A jira na matsanancin yanayin sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara, ana rufe plantings da rassan spruce. A cikin bazara, Tushen wani lokaci yakan lalace saboda yawan danshi bayan dusar ƙanƙara.
Bishiyar tana tsayayya da cuta kuma ba kwari ke cutar da ita ba. Kawai tare da m Stagnation na ruwa a cikin ƙasa na iya tushen rot ci gaba.
Amfani
Shuka itace kyakkyawar ƙasa. Anyi musu ado sau da kafa, falo da kuma wuraren bude lambun. Varietiesananan launuka masu tsayi na azurfa sun dace da zane-zanen tsalle-tsalle masu tsalle-tsalle, dutsen gwaiwa ko kuma masu haɗuwa. Idan girman shafin ya ba da izini, yana da kyau ba da ƙungiyar spruce babban yanki. Yana samar da murfin kawai mai ban mamaki, wanda a cikin manyan filayen ƙasa suna samun fara'a ta musamman. A lokacin zafi, lokacin farin ciki yana kama da ɗumbin dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi.
Staƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan yana gudana tare da tulips, daffodils, calendula, daisies, stonecrops da karrarawa. Lokacin ƙirƙirar tsari na fure, yana da mahimmanci la'akari da cewa itaciyar tayi girma cikin sauri. Zai iya nuna hali mai ƙarfi ga wasu tsirrai.
Yana da al'ada al'ada dasa fure ba wai kawai a cikin ƙasa buɗe ba. A farfajiyar ko baranda, furannin furanni tare da rataye na azurfa suna da ban mamaki. Ya kamata a sanya furanni masu ƙushin ƙaramin kusa kusa da wurin hutawa.
Amfanin hawthorn
Dukkanin sassan da ke cikin tsiro suna da wadatar abinci a cikin saponins, coumarins, phenolcarboxylic acid, da flavonoids. Ana yin girbin albarkatun ƙasa yayin lokacin furanni. Ana amfani da kayan ado a matsayin magani, don kuma dawo da rigakafi, yaƙi da ƙarancin bitamin, conjunctivitis da basur. A cikin magungunan mutane, ana amfani da ciyawar ciyawa don hana cutar kansa.
