Gatzania wata itaciya ce mai kyawo mai kyau daga dangin Aster. Asalin haihuwarsa shine Afirka ta Kudu da Arewacin Ostiraliya. A lokaci guda, furen yana girma sosai a cikin kowane lambun tare da isasshen zafi da rana. Gatzania kuma ana kiranta African Chamomile da Midday Gold. Suna bayyanar da bayyanarsa da ikon bayyana a tsakiyar rana. Manyan furanni masu haske da launuka daban-daban na ruwan hoda da rawaya tare da kyakkyawan launi akan ɗakin dabbobi suna da kyan gani. Sabili da haka, kowace shekara ana ƙara shuka shuka a gadaje na fure da kuma a wuraren shakatawa.
Bayanin Botanical
Gatzania tsire-tsire ne na herbaceous tare da sanda na rhizome. Sauyi mai rikitarwa, mai rarrafe, mai rarrafe reshe mai ƙarfi kuma ya tashi; suna da tsari mara ƙarfi. Tsawon shoot ba ya wuce cm 30. Girke-girke da mai tushe sun cika da jijiyar azkar. Kodayake suna da yawan gaske, suna rushewa cikin sauƙi. Ruwan madara ana asirin sa a hutu.
Ganyayyaki masu ƙarewa 20-35 cm tsayi ana shirya su dabam. Suna da siffar lanceolate. Fuska mai laushi mai haske ne ko kore mai duhu. A baya, lokacin farin ciki shine ya ba wa takardar takardar launi ta azurfa. Ana iya ganin jijiya ta tsakiya tare da tsawon tsawon ganye. Kafin fure a kan bushes bayyana dissected a ƙarshen ganye.
Gatsaniya blooms a watan Yuni-Agusta, watanni 3.5 bayan shuka. Single manyan inflorescences-kwanduna Bloom a kan dogon santsi peduncle. Sun ƙunshi layi ɗaya na fure da aka nuna da fure mai ƙoshin fure, a cikinsu akwai furanni masu tubular da shuɗi. Halin halayyar wuri mai duhu mai banbanci ne a gindin furannin. Furanni na buɗe a sarari kawai. A ranakun girgije, har da yamma, petals suna rufe. Haka kuma, ba wai kawai suna kusa da zuciyar ba ne, har ma ninka tare da kullun tsakiya. Zurfin diamita na inflorescences ya kai 9-12 cm.
Ana sanya fentin dabbobi a fari, ruwan hoda, ja, rawaya, ruwan lemo. Suna da monophonic ko kuma suna da ratsi a tsaye. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, furanni za su yi nasarar juna a duk shekara. A lokaci guda, har zuwa fure 35 na iya saukarwa akan babban daji. Bayan pollination, 'ya'yan itãcen ripen - m achenes da Crest. Abubuwan farin fata da fari na layi 6-12 mm mai tsayi tare da karamin farin tuft.
Iri gatzania
Halin halittar gatan gasa ya haɗu da tsirrai sama da 40. Kodayake a tsakanin lambu, nau'in matasan sun fi shahara, wanda ya bambanta da launi mai haske da girman inflorescence, siffar ganye da girman harbe.
Gatsaniya matsananci. Perennial shuka tare da m, masauki kara. Yana girma zuwa 30 cm a tsayi kuma an rufe shi da duhu kore kore ganye. A lokacin rani, kwanduna masu buɗewa tare da diamita na 4-6 cm a tsakiya. A tsakiyar akwai furanni masu launin rawaya da launin shuɗi, waɗanda ke kewaye da furannin da aka nuna launin fari, ruwan hoda, launin ruwan kasa ko shuɗi.
Gatsaniya tsawon lokaci. Itace shekara-shekara tare da layi, ƙananan ganye. A watan Agusta, dogo mai tsayi tare da furanni masu launin rawaya-mai launin shuɗi tare da diamita har zuwa 7 cm girma a ƙarshen mai tushe.
Gatsaniya matasan. Groupungiyar tsirrai tare da kaddarorin kwalliya. Kusa da zuwa kasan, wani lokacin farin ciki mai hade da ganye wanda ke da tarin tarin silvery. Fure mai launin rawaya-lemo mai haske ko ruwan hoda mai kauri tazarar ya kai cm 9. Tsarin ban mamaki da zobe mai duhu a zuciyar suna bayyane a farfajiyar. Iri:
- Tiger - ƙaramin tsire-tsire tare da ganye mai duhu feathery ganye da manyan inflorescences, an rufe shi da rawaya da ruwan lemu;
- Triad rukuni ne mai yawan gaske wanda ya tanadi inflorescences har zuwa 12 cm a diamita tare da furen monophonic mai launin shuɗi, jan-ja, ruwan lemo da fararen furanni, waɗanda ke kewaye da kyawawan ganye mai launin toka-kore.
Hanyoyin kiwo
A cikin yanayi mai santsi, ko da gatsaniya na dogon lokaci yakan girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, saboda haka yaduwar ƙwayar zuriya a gida ya fi karɓa. Sabõda haka, a gonar gatsaniya da ewa ba bloomed, da tsaba suna sown ga seedlings a tsakiyar Maris-Afrilu. Don yin wannan, shirya kwantena mai zurfi tare da ƙasa mai isasshen ƙasa mai rauni acidity. An isar da manyan tsaba a farfajiya na ƙasa tare da nesa na 2-3 cm kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙaramin adadin ƙasa. Farfa aka fesa daga kwalban da aka feshe tare da kayan zahiri.
Lingsalingsan itace suna girma a wuri mai haske a zazzabi na + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Sanya iska da fesa ƙasa yau da kullun. Tsaba yana girma cikin kwanaki 10-15. A cikin akwati mai zurfi, ana iya shuka seedlings ba tare da ɗaukar hoto ba, amma a cikin akwati mara nauyi, hanya ta wajaba, in ba haka ba tsawon tushe mai tushe zai tanƙwara kuma ci gaban zai rage gudu. Ana ɗaukar abin tarawa a cikin tukwane na peat, wanda a sa'ilin suke shuka tsiran giyaniya a gonar.
A tsakiyar watan Mayu, 'yan seedlings suka fara yin taurara da rage zafin jiki zuwa + 12 ... + 16 ° C. A lokacin rana, zaku iya ɗaukar tsire-tsire a waje, amma a kiyaye su a hankali daga zane-zane.
Manyan bushes na perennials za a iya yaduwa vegetatively. Ya kamata a yanke tsari na gefen tare da ganye da yawa kusa da gindi kamar yadda zai yiwu. Ana kula da yanki tare da "Kornevin" kuma ana dasa peran a cikin karamin tukunya tare da ƙasa mai laushi. An yanka furen a kai a kai kuma a sa su ƙarƙashin hasken da aka bazu. Tushen yana bayyana bayan watanni 1-1.5, bayan haka zaku iya watsa matasa gatzany a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin tukunya mafi girma.
Shuka da kulawa da shuka
A filin buɗe ido, ana zaɓi tsire-tsire yanki mai cike da hasken wuta ba tare da zane ko iska mai ƙarfi ba. Ana iya dasa Gatsaniya a gonar lokacin da yanayi yayi sanyi da rana (ƙarshen Mayu, Yuni). Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kuyi hankali kada ku lalata tushen, saboda haka ya fi kyau dasa furanni tare da tukwan peat.
Soilasa ta zama haske da abinci mai gina jiki. Kafin dasa shuki an haƙa shi cikin ƙasa kuma, idan ya cancanta, an gabatar da yashi da takin. Kusancin ruwan karkashin kasa zuwa tsirrai ya ke. Nisa tsakanin plantings a gonar yakamata yakai 20 cm.
Gatzania furen fure ne ga masu lambun lambu. Da kyar tana bukatar kulawa. Tsire-tsire suna yin haƙuri da fari sosai, saboda haka za a buƙaci ruwa kawai tare da tsawan tsawan rashin ruwan sama. A cikin bude ƙasa, tsayin itace mai tsayi yana bada izinin tattara ruwa daga babban zurfi, amma ana buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena. A wannan yanayin, yanki na ruwa ya zama ƙarami. Hakanan wajibi ne don kwance pallet ɗin a cikin tsari mai dacewa.
Ba yawan ciyayi da yawa tare da gatsaniyu ba, don haka weeding ba zai zama dole a yi sau da yawa ba. Amma sakaci wannan taron ba shi da daraja. Sau ɗaya a wata, kuna buƙatar kwance ƙasa kuma ku fitar da ciyawar.
Ana shayar da dasa kowace wata tare da maganin ma'adinin ma'adinai tare da babban abun ciki na potassium da phosphorus. A kan kasa mara kyau, ana yin sutturar miya a lokacin furanni sau biyu sau biyu.
Dukda cewa ba sau da yawa ba, amma masu fulawar furanni na iya samun matsala wacce gatsaniya bata yi fure ba. Babban dalilin wannan shine karancin hasken wuta. Yawancin lokaci watanni 3.5 suna wucewa daga shuka zuwa farkon fure. A wannan lokacin, ya zama dole don samar da tsawan hasken rana da sa'o'i da yawa na hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da phytolamps. An ba da shawarar yanke wloted inflorescences a cikin dace lokaci domin tarawar ba su vata ƙarfi a kan abincinsu. Ba da daɗewa ba sabon toho zai buɗe a maimakon ciyawar.
A cikin ƙasa tare da sanyaya, gatsaniya ta mutu. Shafin yana haƙa, kuma duk ciyayi sun lalace. A cikin bazara, gonar fure yana cike da sababbin seedlings. A cikin kaka, gatsaniya daga gonar za a iya haƙa shi kuma a dasa shi cikin kwantena waɗanda aka ɗauka zuwa loggia ko zuwa ɗakin. Zazzabi cikin gida ya kamata ya fadi kasa + 10 ° C. Idan tsire-tsire suna da isasshen haske, fure zai ci gaba har a cikin hunturu. In ba haka ba, buds za su daina bayyana, amma itacen da yake cike da ciyawar zai kasance.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
A cikin yanki mai rana tare da sako-sako da ƙasa mai cike da ruwa, gatsaniya baya jin ciwo. To, a lõkacin ruwa stagnates, Tushen iya sha wahala daga rot. Don adana tsirrai a wannan yanayin kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Wajibi ne a lalata kututtukan da ke da cutar domin cutar ba ta yaɗu ba.
Gatsaniya kusan ba ya wahala ko da kusa da inji mai cutar. Lokaci ne kawai wasu lokuta slites, gizo-gizo gizo-gizo ko aphids zauna a kai. Bayan magani tare da maganin kashe kwari, kwari da sauri sun shuɗe.
Gatzany a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi
Gatzania yana da kyau domin yin kyan bayan fage na lambun fure, yin adon kan iyakoki da baranda a cikin akwati. Wannan tsire-tsire maras shinge kuma ya dace da tsaunukan Alpine. Tana da lokacin furanni mai tsayi kuma yana daɗaɗaɗɗen kore mai girma wanda ke ɓoye ƙasa gabaɗaya. Littlean rana masu launuka masu launuka masu yawa da yawa suna sa lambun ta zama mai launi tare da jan hankalin masu wucewa-da.
Gatsaniya ya tafi lafiya tare da Iberis, blue ageratum, arctotis, lobelia. Ana iya dasa shi a tsakiyar tsakiyar ciyawar kore, ƙirƙirar kayan ado da launuka iri-iri daga furanni masu launuka daban-daban.
