Celosia shine tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire daga dangin Amaranth. An san shi ne saboda ƙyalli da laushi mai cike da launuka masu haske. An fassara sunan furanni daga Girkanci a matsayin "rashin tsoro", "ƙonewa." Kuma da gaske launin rawaya, lemo mai zaki da burgundy yayi kama da harshen wuta. Wurin haifuwa na celosia shine Afirka da Kudancin Asia, inda yake kasancewa mafi girma a cikin ci gaban mutum. A cikin lambun, shuka yakamata ya haskaka wani matsayi na tsakiya, saboda yana jan hankalin mafi girman hankali.
Bayanin Shuka
Celosia shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara ko tsiro mai ban girma ko shuki tare da tsayin 30-90 cm. An rufe su da hasken kore mai santsi ko kuma ɗan ƙaramin haushi. A kan harbe, ganyen petiolate ba shi da kyau ko kuma m. Bã su da santsi mai haske m surface da m ko wavy gefuna. Wani lokaci akwai iri tare da ganyayyaki daban-daban, a saman abin da aka gani na azurfa ko ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Daga Yuli zuwa sanyi, celosia tana faranta rai da fure mai haske. A fi na mai tushe kuma a cikin axils na babba ganye, Multi-flowered inflorescences na tsefe, spikelet ko cirrus siffar Bloom. Sun ƙunshi ƙananan furanni na bisexual na fenti a ruwan hoda, rawaya, ruwan lemo, burgundy ko Scarlet. A cikin girman inflorescence 10-25 cm, furanni suna daɗaɗawa sosai da juna, don haka kasancewar ficikis da kuma siffar corolla ɗaya yana da wuyar rarrabewa. Calyx ya ƙunshi ƙarfe 3 na launi mai haske. A tsakiyar akwai 5 stamens, haɗin kai daga bututun membranous, da kuma tsohuwar ƙwayar ciki.
Bayan pollination da kwari, 'ya'yan itãcen sun haɗu - yawancin kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya tare da diamita har zuwa 4 mm. Kashi na sama na farfesa kaffarar, kamar murfi, buɗewa da tsaba har zuwa 2 mm tsawon zubo daga gare ta.
Nau'in Celosia
Halin halittar celosia yana da kusan shekaru 60 da nau'in perennial da nau'in kayan ado da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da girman, siffar inflorescences da launi. Bari mu bincika wasu daga cikinsu.
Farar fata celosia. Itace shekara-shekara tare da ciyawar mai ciyawa mai zurfi daga 45-100 cm mai girma.Ido-oval ko ganyayyaki masu yawa akan gajerun petioles suna kusa da ƙarshen tsayin dutsen. A watan Yuli, inflorescences mai haske suna girma a ƙarshen harbe. Siffar su ta dogara ne da tallafin.
Celosia (azurfa) tsefe. M fleshy mai tushe game da 45 cm high an rufe manyan haske kore ganye da lashe tare da laima ko zagaye inflorescence. A cikin inflorescence tattara da yawa kananan Fluffy furanni. A cikin sashin na sama, bangarorin sinuous da firinji suna bayyane, waɗanda suke da matukar damuwa a game da abin maye. A saboda wannan iri-iri ne da sunanta. Launi na inflorescences mai haske ja, burgundy ko orange. Suna Bloom a Yuli kuma sun dage har sai Oktoba. Nau'in kayan ado:
- Atropurpurea - tsirrai mai 20-25 cm mai tsayi yana da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da fitila mai haske, kuma ƙwaya mai haske ta ƙawata saman da ke;
- Nunin ciyawar itace ƙaramar tsiro tare da manyan duhu ganye da ja inflorescence.
Celosia (azur) paniculata. Itatuwan 20-100 cm babba ya ƙunshi madaidaiciya, mai rauni mai tushe mai tushe da babba, furen fure mai haske. A watan Yuli, babban firgice inflorescences na ruwan hoda, jan, rawaya ko ruwan launi mai launin shuɗi a sama da dunƙule. Iri:
- Flitz na Zinare - tsire-tsire har zuwa 80 cm tsayi yana rushe manyan ƙwayoyin ruwan lemo;
- Goldfeder - tsayayye tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi;
- New Duba - tsiro har zuwa 40 cm high an rufe shi da furen-furen furen-shuɗi da fure-fure mai launin shuɗi.
Spikelet celosia. Shuka ba ta shahara sosai har da lambu. Ya girma zuwa 1.2 m high da kuma narke thinner, spikelet-kamar inflorescences. An fentin su a cikin rawaya da ruwan lemo. Fading, coan murƙushe suna samun layin azurfa.
Girma da dasawa
Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da tsaba don yadu celosia. Don haka waccan fure ta celosia, jimawa, ana shuka shuki-farko. A ƙarshen Maris, ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwayoyin halittu da abubuwan haɓaka haɓaka ("Elin", "Zircon"). Ana cakuda cakuda vermiculite tare da ƙasa humus cikin akwatunan m. An rarraba iri a ko'ina a ƙasa. An guga man a cikin jirgin, amma ba a yafa masa kai ba. An tattara amfancen ruwa da ruwa kuma an rufe su da fim. Suna buƙatar haɓaka su a cikin wani wuri mai walƙiya mai haske da zazzabi na + 23 ... + 25 ° C. Domin kada ya samar da naman gwari, ana fitar da iskar gas a kullun kuma an cire ruwan sanyi.
A cikin mako guda, farauta mai ƙauna ta bayyana, wanda aka cire fim ɗin. Tare da samuwar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu, ana iya dasa shuki cikin tukunya daban ko a cikin akwatuna tare da nisan cm 5. A ƙarshen Afrilu, zazzage abun cikin ya ragu zuwa + 17 ... + 20 ° C. A cikin kwanakin dumi, ana ɗaukar seedlings a waje. Lokacin da yanayin sanyi ya ɓace, ana shuka shukar a fili, inda aka zaɓi wurin da ba tare da littataccen zane ba don tsire-tsire.
Soilasa ta zama mai haske, abinci mai gina jiki da rijiya. Ilsasa tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ƙaramin acidic ya fi dacewa. Ana ƙara lemun tsami Slag a cikin ƙasa mai acidic a lokacin tono. Mafi kyawun duka, celosia yana ɗaukar tushe a kan ƙasa wanda ya ƙunshi loam, yashi, taki da takin ƙasa. Rhizomes na shuka suna daɗaɗɗu, saboda haka ana shuka su tare da tukwane na peat ko dunƙule na ƙasa. Nisa tsakanin plantings ya dogara da tsawo na musamman iri-iri kuma shine 15-30 cm.
Kula da tsiro
Celosia yana buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai daga mai lambu. Tana matukar son yin ruwa. A ranakun zafi, ana shayar da furanni kowane kwana 1-2. Sosai ne kawai ya kamata ya bushe, amma kada ruwa ya ɓaci a tushen. Dankin yana thermophilic, gaba daya baya jure sanyi, amma koda zafi mai zafi yakan saba samu. Fulawa ta tsaya a lokacin da zazzabi ta sauka zuwa + 1 ... + 5 ° C. Irin wannan sanyi yana haifar da mutuwar shuka. Idan celosia ya girma a cikin kwantena, dole ne a shigo da shi kafin tsirin sanyi.
Tun kafin a dasa shi a cikin buyayyar wuri, ana shuka seedlings tare da hadaddun ma'adinai tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen da phosphorus. A watan Mayu, bayan dasa shuki a cikin fili, ana shayar da ruwa tare da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya sau 1-2 a wata. Organabiyoyin da suka lalace kawai sun dace, in ba haka ba celosia zai mutu.
Saboda iska ta shiga cikin tushen, ƙasa kusa da tsire-tsire lokaci-lokaci za a kwance kuma an cire ciyayi. Babban mai tushe, ko da yake suna da tsayayya, suna buƙatar garter. Iska ko ruwan sama mai ƙarfi zasu iya fashewa.
Celosia na manya yana da tsayayya wa cututtukan shuka, amma matasa matasa suna fama da cututtukan fungal, musamman daga ƙafafun baƙar fata. Yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa ruwa da hana ambaliyar ƙasa. Ruwa na ƙasa yana bushewa a kai a kai tare da ash ash. Aphids na iya tsayawa akan mai tushe da ganyayyaki. Suna kawar da ita tare da taimakon kwari. Ga waɗanda ba sa son sinadarai, fesa tare da maganin sabulu ya dace. Dukkanin hanyoyin kulawa da kwaro ana yin su da yamma, kusa da faɗuwar rana.
Amfani da celosia
Celosia ta buge tare da sabon abu mai kauri wanda yake da kyau a cikin sahun gida guda tare da shinge, kan iyaka ko ganuwar gidaje. A cikin gadaje mai yawa na fure, yana cikin tsakiyar ko kusa da gefen, dangane da tsayi da yawa. Tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin girma, musamman maɗauran celosia, ana shuka su a cikin kwantena da filayen fure don yin kwalliyar baranda da verandas, kuma ana amfani dasu azaman gidan fure. Fitowar celosia tana da haske sosai kuma tana da wahala a tattaro abokanta a cikin lambun fure. Tsire-tsire tare da furanni masu launin rawaya wani lokaci ana haɗuwa tare da ageratum ko furen furanni, da furanni ja tare da farin lobelia. Duk tsire-tsire suna da kyau a cikin gari tare da amfanin gona na hatsi ko ornamental-deciduous. Koda furanni masu bushe sukan riƙe tasirin ado, saboda haka ana yawan amfani dasu don yin abubuwan bushewa.
Baya ga kayan ado, celosia yana da aikace-aikace masu amfani. Matasan harbe na celosia za'a iya amfani dashi azaman abinci. An haɗa su a cikin salads ko jita-jita na gefe. Hakanan, celosia yana warkar da kaddarorin. Tea yana daga cikin ganyen ganyen da aka shuka, wanda ke taimakawa karfafa garkuwar jiki, yakar wasu cututtukan jini da inganta gani. Rinsing tare da decoction na bakin kogon ya rage kumburi kuma ya warkar da ƙananan raunuka.
