Aeschinanthus shine tsire-tsire na ornamental daga dangin Gesneriaceae. Daga harshen Hellenanci, sunan yana fassara a matsayin "fure mai gurbata", wanda aka bayyana shi da siymmetric, mai siffar mai launi na corolla. Tsirrai na gida sune wurare masu zafi na Kudancin Asiya (Indiya, Vietnam). Yana jin girma a cikin yanayin dakin. Dankin yana da banbanci sosai kuma baƙon abu, sabili da haka zai zama abin ado na ban mamaki na ɗakin. Tsarin harbe-rikitenta masu rikitarwa za'a iya tsayawa su a cikin nau'i na daji ko a yarda ya faɗi cikin yardar kaina daga tukunyar ɓoyayyen. Tun da ka karanci ka'idodi masu sauki, abu ne mai sauki ka sami ci gaban aiki da kuma fure mai kyau daga eshinanthus.
Bayanin Shuka
Aeschinanthus tsufa ne mai tsufa. Florists kira shi blooming da na fure foliage. Gaskiyar ita ce a tsakanin fure, mai ganye mai haske tare da kyakkyawan haske ba ya jawo hankali ba kaɗan. A cikin yanayin halitta, eshinanthus shine tsire-tsire mai epiphytic. Yakan zauna akan katako daga cikin manyan bishiyoyi da sikeli, amma ba ya ciyar da hatsarinsu.
Shootsasasshen harbe da ke fitowa kewaye da itaciya da manyan rassa, kamar itacen inabi. Tsawon mai tushe mai yatsun gidan shine 30-90 cm. Dogon, matakai masu santsi ake sanya su, kuma a cikin nodes an rufe shi da ganyayyaki kishiyoyi tare da gajerun petioles. Fleshy leaf faranti masu kyau a sifa tare da gefuna mai santsi da ƙarshen ƙare. An fentin launin shuɗi mai haske kuma wasu lokuta ana rufe su da wani tsari. Tsawon takardar ya kai 10-12 cm, kuma faɗin faɗin ya wuce cm 3-4.
Endsarshen harbe a yayin furanni an rufe shi da shinge elongated da aka tattara a cikin goge mai kwance. A buds a cikin hanyar elongated shambura saboda burgundy bracts kama shambura na lipstick. Sau da yawa, saboda wannan, ana kiran tsire-tsire "lipstick" ("lipstick"). Tushen bututun yana da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, kuma yadudduɗe ruwan lemo mai shuɗi ya zamewa gefen furannin. Dogon farin fure mai ɗorewa daga tsakiyar fure mai fure.
Jinsunan Eschinanthus
Halin halittar eschinanthus ya bambanta. Ya ƙunshi kusan nau'ikan tsire-tsire 200. Koyaya, babu fiye da 15 daga cikinsu ana amfani da su a al'ada.
Aeschinanthus marmara (dogo mai tsayi). Shuka tare da ganye na ado na rataye m harbe daga tukunya. A kansu kusa da juna suna internodes. Ganyayyaki masu duhu marasa duhu suna da launi mai launi. An zana jigilar hasken mara haske daga tsakiyar jijiya zuwa gefuna. An goge baya a wasu launuka masu launin ruwan kasa. Furanni na wannan nau'in basu da kyan gani. Fafaren bakin ruwa, ko da bayan buɗewa, masu launin kore ne.
Aeschinanthus yana da kyau (kyakkyawa). Ofaya daga cikin tsire-tsire mafi mashahuri tsakanin masu noman furanni suna da harbe-harbe masu sassauƙa waɗanda aka rufe da ganye mai launin shuɗi-fure mai fure. Tsawon ganye tare da gefen nuna shi ne cm 10. msarin kai har zuwa tsawon cm 50 ya sauko ƙasa. A ƙarshen lokacin furanni, adadin inflorescences na fure 9-12 fure. Jiki mai laushi mai laushi suna fitowa daga bututu mai bakin ciki.
Aeschinantus Twister. Wani fasali na wannan nau'in sune ganye mai duhu mai duhu. Da alama suna rufe da murfin kakin zuma. Ganyayyaki, kamar harbe, yana da fasalin mai kama kuma yayi kama da curls. A cikin axils na ganye, orange-ja furanni asymmetric fure.
Aeschinantus Mona Lisa. M yadudduka masu sarkakiya suna rufe da kyawawan ganye kore ganye tare da m m. Wani sanannen tsohuwar jijiya yana tsaye a kansu. A lokacin furanni, dassels mai yawa na giya-ja tubular fure mai fure. A iri da yawa dauke ƙasa capricious.
Aeschinantus Lobba. Dogaye masu ɗorawa masu laushi suna fentin cikin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi kuma an cika shi da leavesan kananan ganye. Surfaceashin farfajiyar takardar yana da wuta (koren haske). A ƙarshen abin da aka shigar, furanni masu ɗumbin furanni masu launi iri-iri masu haske masu launin shuɗi, waɗanda ke fitowa daga kunkuntar ramin murfin katako mai buɗe ido, buɗe.
Kiwo
Yankin shuka yana buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai da yanayin greenhouse, saboda haka mafi yawan masu girki na fure ba su da amfani. Don girma eschinanthus daga tsaba, an shuka su akan m yashi-peat substrate kuma an rufe su da fim. Ana adana gidan kore a wani yanki mai sanyin dumama, mai dumama (+ 23 ... + 25 ° C). Kafin fitowar, ba a cire gilashin ba, kuma ana gudanar da ruwa ta hanyar tire. Lokacin da sprouts na bakin ciki suka bayyana, ana iska a kai a kai, amma kada ku yi sauri don cire tsari. Bayan makonni 2-3 na jaraba, ana iya cire gilashin kore. Seedlingsauran da suka girma sun yi nutsuwa a cikin wani akwati tare da nisan nisa na 3-5 cm tsakanin tsirrai ko a cikin karamin tukwane da dama.
A gida, eshinanthus mafi yawa ana yadu dashi ta hanyoyin ciyayi. A lokacin bazara da bazara, za a iya yanke itace daga firam na harbe. Ya kamata su sami nodes 1-2. Ana kula da ƙananan sashin tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka kuma nan da nan aka dasa shi cikin ƙananan tukwane tare da cakuda sphagnum, yashi da peat. An rufe ganyen tare da m hula kuma ana kiyaye shi da zazzabi kamar + 25 ° C. Lokacin da Tushen ya bayyana kuma seedling ya daidaita, an cire tsari kuma ana dasa shuki a cikin sabon tukunya da ƙasa don furen fure. Haka kuma, ana yada kwayar eshinanthus ta hanyar kowane ganye. An yanke su kamar yadda suke kusa da harbin.
Kula da tsiro
Domin eschinanthus ya girma kuma ya yi kyau sosai a gida, dole ne a kawo abin da yake ciki a duk kusancin yanayin da yake ciki. A cikin gidaje birane, wahalar ta ta'allaka ne da kula da gumi da zazzabi.
Nan da nan bayan sayan, an ba da shawarar fure don dasawa da juriya. An zaɓi tukunyar da ke da matsakaiciyar matsakaici tare da ramuka magudana don ita. Hadin kasar yana hade da wadannan abubuwan:
- takarda ƙasa;
- babban peat;
- kogin kogi;
- ƙwayar sphagnum;
- gawayi;
- kwakwa na kwakwa.
Dukkanin aikin dasa ana samun dacewa a lokacin bazara. Bayan hanya, shuka yana buƙatar ɗan shading da zafi sosai.
Haske Tsire-tsire suna ƙaunar haske, mai ba da haske. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga marmar eschinanthus. Ba a yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye a cikin ganyayyaki ba. Rana tana ƙone ta cikin bakin ciki mai sauri sosai kuma yana ƙone siffar.
Zazzabi Matsakaicin iska mai kyau ga shuka shine + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Itace tana buƙatar ambaliyar ruwa na yau da kullun, amma a cikin kowane hali ya kamata a barta a cikin daftarin. Hakanan ba za a yarda da canje-canje na zazzabi ba. Sabili da haka, a lokacin bazara, saboda sanyaya dare, ba'a ɗauki fure ba akan titi. Don cimma fure, ya zama dole a samar masa da lokacin hutawa. Don yin wannan, a watan Fabrairu, tsawon watanni 1-1.5, ana rike eschinanthus a zazzabi + + ... ... 14 ° C da kuma kyakkyawan haske.
Haushi. Babban zafi shine mabuɗin don nasarar haɓakar tsire-tsire masu zafi, don haka ana fesa eskhinantus a kai a kai kuma yana wanka a cikin ɗakin dumi.
Watse. Soilasa a cikin tukunya kada ta bushe sama da kashi ɗaya bisa uku. Yawancin lokaci ana shayar da tsire-tsire sau 1-2 a mako. Dole ne a cire ruwa mai wucewa kai tsaye daga sump. Ya kamata a tsarkaka ruwa kuma a kiyaye shi da kyau a ɗakin zazzabi.
Taki. Daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, ana ciyar da eskhinantus sau 1-2 a wata tare da maganin ma'adinan ma'adinai don tsirrai. Ana amfani da suturar miya ta sama ga ƙasa a nesa daga mai tushe.
Mai jan tsami. A cikin hunturu, musamman idan aka ci gaba da ɗumi da ƙarancin haske, ana fallasa harbe kuma an shimfiɗa shi sosai. Sabili da haka, ana gudanar da pruning a cikin bazara. Tare da ita, zai fi kyau a jira har sai fure ya cika. Cire har zuwa sulusin da mai tushe, bushe ganye da bakin ciki fitar da lokacin farin ciki harbe. Amma har iya yin kwabe ba zai iya tsare eskhinantus din har abada ba. Sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 5-6, furen yana sake farfadowa.
Cutar da kwari. Duk da ƙaunar danshi da ruwa, mutum dole ne ya lura da ma'aunin, in ba haka ba eschinanthus zai buge shi da launin toka ko tushen lalacewa. Mafi yawan kwari da aka fi sani shine mealybug, thrips da aphids. Zasu iya yada daga ƙasa yayin dasawa. Maganin maganin kashe kwari yana taimakawa kawar da cututtukan fata da sauri.
