Buttercup - ganye mai laushi tare da furanni masu ban mamaki. Musamman mai ban sha'awa sune siffofin lambu tare da manyan kawunan mahaifa. A shuka ne a cikin iyali Ranunculaceae. Halittar yana wakiltar ba wai kawai ta hanyar nau'in ado ba, har ma da ciyawa tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ke cikin ruwan sanyi. Buttercups sun zama ruwan dare a cikin yanayin zafi da sanyi a cikin ɗaukacin Arewacin Hemisphere. Suna zaune a wuraren kiwo a cikin ruwa. Sunan kimiyya na ranunculus - "ranunculus" - ya fito daga kalmar "rana". An ba shi don iyawar girma a inda 'yan amphibians ke zaune.
Menene buttercup yayi kama?
Buttercup shine perennial ko shekara-shekara tare da harbe-harben madaidaiciya har zuwa 20-100 cm babba.Ya na da tsarin tushen fibrous, akan ayyukan da ake kafa tubersan itacen dabino, kamar gizo-gizo. A kan karayar da aka toka itace kuma wani tsiro tare da kafaffun faranti ko ananan faranti. Tana da launi mai haske-kore ko launin shuɗi mai duhu. Ganyayyaki ba sa bambanta cikin manyan girma, yawanci tsawon ba ya ƙeta 6 cm.
A watan Yuni-Yuli, kyawawan furanni masu fure a saman fika na mai tushe. Zasu iya zama mai sauƙi ko terry, mai kama da furanni na wardi da peonies. Yawan abubuwan fure suna da yawa na 5 (ƙasa da sau 3). Girman danshi mai danshi ya dogara da iri-iri kuma yana iya zama 2-10 cm.Kallan furanni suna da bambanci sosai (lafazi ko motley): kifi mai haske, shunayya, rawaya, ruwan lemo, cream, fari. A tsakiyar akwai aman stamens da pistils masu yawa. Lokacin fure yana kusan wata guda. A cikin furanni da aka yanke za su tsaya a cikin kayan ado na akalla mako guda.
Bayan pollination ta kwari, an kafa hadaddun 'ya'yan itace - tushen mai yawa. Ripening, sun fashe da kansu, suna sake fitar da tsaba na concyx. A kowane 'ya'yan itace akwai dozin.
Hankali! Ruwan Buttercup yana da guba. Sunansa ya fito daga kalmar "m", mai iya lalata dabba da mutum. Zai iya haifar da haushi akan fata da guba, don haka duk aikin yana gudana tare da safofin hannu, haka kuma ba sa barin dabbobi da yara su yi launi.
Tsarin gargajiya
Tuni a yau, fiye da nau'ikan tsire-tsire sama da 400 an haɗa su a cikin hanyar samar da man shanu, kuma jerin suna ci gaba da haɓaka.
Acid buttercup (makanta na dare). A herbaceous perennial 20-50 cm high kunshi kafa, branched mai tushe. Ganyayyaki is located tare da dukan tsawo na harbe, amma da wuya. Da ke ƙasa yana da girma, kusan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi. Takaddun labarai na sama suna da ƙarfi sosai, suna da layuka masu layi. A watan Yuni, furanni masu rawaya mai sauki tare da fure 5 masu yawa suka bayyana. A diamita, ba su wuce 2 cm.
Ruwan shayi mai launin zinare (rawaya). Mazaunin ciyayi mai cike da daskararre na tsiro 40 cm ba tsayi. Akwai kusan babu ganye a kan madaidaiciyar kara. Basal Rossette ya ƙunshi ganye na yatsun kafaɗun fure a kan doya mai tsayi. A saman shine tsinkayyen siyayyar ɗan mara baya. Flowersanan furanni masu launin rawaya suna da calyx mai ɗorewa da kuma nimbus mai siffa mai kararrawa. Suna Bloom a watan Afrilu-Yuni.
Creeping mancup. Itace mai tsiro mai tsayi tare da nauyin 15-40 cm ba ga tsayi yana da sauƙin kafe a cikin nodes sama da lambar ƙasa. An rufe ciyawar tare da ɗan tari. Petiole mai haske mai haske na fure yana girma tare da tsawon tsawon sa. 'Yancin furanni masu rawaya mai sauƙi sun kunshi 5 petals. An bayyana su a farkon lokacin bazara.
Buttercup yana da guba. Yarinya ko tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara tare da kafaffen, ciyawa mai tsiro ya girma 10-70 cm tsayi. A harbe ne openwork sau uku ganye tare da serrated tarnaƙi. Besasassun lobes suna masu launin duhu duhu. A watan Mayu-Yuni, ƙananan ambaliyar inflorescences tare da ƙananan (7-10 mm fadi) furanni masu launin rawaya masu haske suna bayyana a saman firam.
Ranunculus asiaticus (asiaticus). Perennial tare da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciyar tushe har zuwa 45 cm tsayi ke girma mai haske kore innescent ganye. A watan Yuli, furanni masu fure, keɓewa ɗaya ko kuma guda biyu cikin inflorescence. Suna da launi daban-daban kuma suna girma 4-6 cm a diamita.
Maballin garin ya bushe. Itace mai tsiro tare da ciyawa mai tsayi ko madaidaiciyar itaciya ya girma 20-50 cm a tsayi. Ganye yana da rhomboid ko siffar m. Leavesasan ƙananan ganye suna haɗe tare da dogayen zanguna, kuma babba na saman kan kara. Flowersanan furanni (0.8-1.2 cm) girma kadai kuma masu launin rawaya. Ruwan ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai guba ne kuma yana sanya fatar fata.
Buttercup ruwa. Mazaunin rafin da ke fadama a Australia saboda tsintsaye masu girma suna da girma sosai. Tsayinsa yakai cm 5-20. A kan shimfidar petioles da aka sassaka ganye mai kama da launin dusar kankara kore. Dankin yayi kama da na ado sosai kuma galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin aquariums.
Buttercup yana da yawa. A herbaceous perennial 40-80 cm a tsawo ta ƙunshi kafa, branched mai tushe tare da gajeren tari. Fingered foliage ma pubescent. Yana da elongated lanceolate lobes tare da incised gefuna. Kayan furanni masu haske masu rawaya masu kyau suna ƙawata shuka daga Yuni zuwa Agusta.
Buttercup Sayan. Itaccan fure mai fure mai kauri 20-30 cm mai tsayi yana girma ganyayyaki mai zagaye ko zuciya mai kama da sikari na 2-3 cm .. onesananan ƙananan suna kan dogayen petioles, babba suna da rauni. A farkon lokacin rani, furanni masu launin rawaya guda ɗaya mai ɗauke da kayan gashi mai laushi suna bayyana.
Buttercup Kashubian. Itataccen tsire-tsire tare da kara mai kai tsaye wanda aka zana kawai a cikin sashin layi na sama, tsayin 30-60 cm. Duk ganyen da ke zagaye ko sifar zuciya suna kan farfajiya ne a gindin harbin. Ganyen ganye babba-dabino ne, babba. Kadayan furanni na inuwa mai rawaya mai haske a diamita sune cm 2-3. Suna yin fure a watan Afrilu.
Maballin lambatu na ado
Wannan rukuni na tsire-tsire yana da matukar kyau kuma ya fi yawa a tsakanin lambu. Mafi ban sha'awa iri:
- Buttercup Masha. Itataccen tsire-tsire tare da kara mai har zuwa 30-40 cm tsayi, fure biyu furanni tare da fararen fure da kuma iyakar haske.
- Terry buttercup (peony). Manyan furanni masu fure da furanni kusa da ita.
- Faransanci Furanni-Semi-biyu ya ƙunshi layuka 2-3 na ganyayyun fure.
- Bahaushe. Simpleanan furanni masu sauƙi ko Semi-biyu.
- Freaky. Yana fure da furanni masu yawa.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Buttercup yaduwa ta zuriya da kuma rarrabuwa na rhizome. Tunda yawancin buttercups na ado ba su isar da propertiesan abubuwa da yawa ga zuriya, ana buƙatar tsaba da aka sayi don shuka.
Shuke-shuke seedlings. A saboda wannan, riga a karo na biyu na rabin Fabrairu ana shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye da yashi peat ko sako-sako da lambun gona da yafa masa tare da bakin ciki Layer na duniya. An shayar da su a hankali kuma an rufe su da kayan abu. Ana adana gidan kore a wuri mai haske tare da zazzabi na + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Harbe yana bayyana a cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin kwanaki 15-20. Daga wannan lokacin, an cire matsuguni kuma an canja tukunyar zuwa ɗakin wuta (+ 20 ° C). Ya kamata walƙiya ya bambanta, amma mai zafin gaske. Idan ya cancanta, yi amfani da phytolamps. Lokacin da ganyayyaki 4-5 suka bayyana a kan tsire-tsire, an amshe shi a cikin tukwane na peat dabam.
Kowace shekara, sabon haɓakar bututu yana haifar da asalin sa. Lokacin da aka haƙa rami a watan Satumba, sun rabu. A cikin hunturu mai sanyi, Tushen ba su tsira akan titi ba. Sun fi son daki mai sanyi (+ 19 ... + 21 ° C). A lokacin bazara, ana shuka cones a kan gadon filawa.
Ginin waje da kulawa
Buttercups ana shuka su ne a cikin lambu a ƙarshen Mayu, lokacin da yiwuwar sanyi a ƙarshe ya ɓace. Zaɓi wuraren rana ko dan duhu mai duhu tare da kyakkyawan kariya daga abubuwan zana. Rashin bayyanar rana zuwa hasken rana kai tsaye ba a so, tunda fure zai yi gajere kuma yalwatacce.
Shouldasa ta zama tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗano acidic. Abun da ke faruwa na lalataccen ruwan karkashin kasa ya shiga cikin tsari. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi ƙasa kwance, ƙasa mai sinadirai tare da matsakaicin zafi. An haɗu da shafin gaba kuma an shirya ramuka zuwa zurfin tushen tsarin. Nisa tsakanin tsirrai shine 15-20 cm. Ana zuba ɗan yashi ko vermiculite a ƙasan kowane rami. Ana saukowa mafi kyau tare da tukunya ko babban dunƙule na ƙasa tare da tushen wuyansa.
Nodules ana yin riga-kafi har sa'o'i 12 a cikin ruwa mai dumi tare da ƙwayoyin potassium da haɓaka haɓaka. An shuka su zuwa zurfin cm cm 8. An haɗa ƙasa kuma an shayar da shi sosai.
Arin kulawa da shuka ba mai wahala ba ne. Lokaci-lokaci, ciyawa gadaje, cire ciyayi da karya ɓawon burodi a farfajiyar ƙasa.
Watering ya kamata ya zama matsakaici. Sai kawai in babu hazo, ana shayar da gadon filayen sau biyu a mako. Tun watan Agusta, ana buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire sau da yawa akai-akai domin ƙwayayen ta girma kuma kada ta yi birgima. Tare da tsawan lokacin ruwa, ana rufe ciyayi da tsare.
Kowane kwanaki 15-20, an ciyar da garin samar da man hulɗa da cakuda ma'adinai. A farkon girma, ana amfani da mahallin nitrogen, kuma tare da isowar buds, suna canzawa zuwa potassium-phosphorus.
Don yin fure mai tsabta, nan da nan sai ka yanke furanni masu bushe.
Buttercups sune tsire-tsire masu zafi, saboda haka baza su iya yin hunturu a cikin ƙasa ba. A cikin bazara, lokacin da duk ɓangaren ƙasa ya fara bushewa, an tono tubers sama. An bushe da su a cikin wuri mai iska kuma a adana su cikin zane ko tukwane tare da keke.
Ranunculus ba shi da lafiya sau da yawa, galibi tare da cututtukan fungal wanda ke haɓaka tare da ambaliyar ruwa na ƙasa. Alamar farko ita ce fadowar fure da furanni da basu gama fure ba. Hakanan, launin ruwan kasa ko farar fata na iya bayyana akan ganyayyaki da mai tushe. Idan an gano wata cuta, ya zama dole a dakatar da shayarwa na ɗan lokaci kuma a aiwatar da maganin kashe-kashe.
Spider mites da nematodes zauna da shuka daga parasites. Idan yana da sauƙin kawar da farko ta amfani da kwari, to, nematodes suna da wahalar cirewa. Suna nan a cikin kyallen takarda. Zaku iya fitar da shuka gaba ɗaya kuma ku tsabtace shi sosai tare da tushen ƙarƙashin ruwan sanyi (50 ° C).
Dukiya mai amfani
Kodayake an dauki ranunculus a matsayin tsire-tsire mai guba, a cikin ƙananan yana iya samun sakamako mai tasiri akan jiki. Ana amfani dashi a cikin magani na gargajiya da na hukuma. Ruwan ya ƙunshi saponins, mai mai, mai, tannins, glycosides, ascorbic acid. Ingestion yana haɓaka samar da haemoglobin kuma yana daidaita tsarin jijiya. A waje, ana amfani da ganyayyaki da lotions tare da kayan ado da infusions na ruwa. Suna taimakawa wajen yakar cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, gout, lupus, scabies, calluses.
Yana da mahimmanci sosai kada ku wuce sashi, don haka ya fi kyau amfani da magunguna, maimakon shirya kai. Hakanan, maganin cakuda yana maganin cikin mata masu juna biyu da kuma masu shayarwa, da kuma mutane sukan iya cutar da jiki.
Amfani da lambun
Lambun Terry ko kuma buttercups mai sauƙi tare da manyan, launuka masu haske zasu zama kyakkyawa ado na gadon filawa. Ya danganta da tsayin dakarsu, ana amfani dasu a cikin gaba ko tsakiyar gonar fure, haka kuma a cikin filayen dutse, tsaunukan tsaunuka ko kuma wuraren haɗuwa. An samu nasarar shuka wasu nau'in cikin tukwane, kamar kayan gida. A cikin lambun furanni, man shanu ne mafi yawancin lokuta ana haɗuwa da karrarawa, furen masara, runduna, gandun daji na taɓaya.
