Cypress shine shuka mai kullun fure daga dangin Cypress. Dangane da nau'in, ana iya wakilta ta bishiyoyi ko bishiyoyi tare da dala ko yada kambi. Kodayake an rufe rassan da allura, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna thermophilic. Homelandazarsu ta asali ita ce tushen ƙasa da tekun Rum, Crimea, Caucasus, Himalayas, China, California, Lebanon, Siriya. Kyautar Laconic da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa suna jawo hankalin yan lambu da yawa. Tabbas, kullun yanar gizo suna da matukar kyau, amma ba kowa bane ke da damar haɓaka ta, amma ƙaramin itace akan shafin har ma a tukunya yana isa ga kusan kowa.
Bayanin Shuka
A waje, bishiyar bishiyar perennial itace ta 18-25 m ko wani shuki (1.5-2 m high). Matsayin kambinsa ya bambanta sosai. Cypress yana girma da sauri a farkon shekarun, sannan kuma ya ƙara imentsan sakonni. Rayuwarsa tsawon lokaci yana da tsawo. Akwai samfurori waɗanda shekarunsu suka wuce 2000. Trunks suna madaidaiciya ko mai lankwasa. An rufe su da bakin laushi mai santsi. A kan matasa harbe, yana da haske launin ruwan kasa, amma a tsawon shekaru ya samo launin toka-launin ruwan kasa da furrowed irin zane.
Rassan da ke zagaye da zagaye ko zagaye hudun an rufe su da kananan ganye. A wani ɗan shekaru tsufa, sun rage a baya, sannan a matse su sosai ga harbe-harbe. A hankali, ganyayyaki masu kama da wutan suna zama da mayya. A farfajiya na waje, zaka iya ganin tsagi a fili (glandon mai). Wasu lokuta yakan bambanta ba kawai don taimako ba, har ma da bambanta edging. Tsawon farantin launin kore-2 mm ne.
Cypress nasa ne da wasan motsa jiki na wasannin motsa jiki. Ana samun maza da mata na gado (dutsen dutse) akan kowane ɗayan. Gabobin maza (microstrobils) suna kama da ƙaramin sanda tare da ganye mai haifar da ƙwaƙwalwa (sporophyll). A nan kusa wata mace ce mai samar da kwayoyin halitta - megastrobil.
Bayan pollination (a cikin fall na gaba shekara), mai siffar zobe ko ovoid cones tare da m scaly surface ripen. Suna girma kusa da reshe a kan tushe mai yawa. A karkashin silar Sikeli akwai wasu tsaba da aka matse juna. Suna kwance kuma suna da reshe. Amfrayo na iya samun cotyledons 2-4.
Iri Cypress
Saboda ƙarancin lamba da kuma warewar wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyin, masanan kimiyya ba zasu iya zuwa tsarin rarrabuwa ba. Tsarin halittar ya hada da nau'ikan tsiro 14-25. Hakanan akwai wasu biyan kuɗi da iri iri don namo ornamental.
Arizona cypress. Furuciya mai jure yanayin sanyi mara nauyi tare da kambi mai yada kwari yana girma 21 m a tsawo. A duhu launin ruwan kasa lamellar haushi a hankali exfoliates. Matasa matasa suna rufe da launin toka-kore mai launin ganye tare da nuna baki.
Cypress koyaushe ne. Dankin mai sanyi wanda zai iya tsayawa sanyi da fari mai kamannin itace a jikin bishiyar har zuwa 30 a tsayi tana da rawanin dala. Ya ƙunshi hawa rassan da aka matse sosai da akwati. A lokaci guda, maɓallin gangar jikin ba ya ƙare cm 60. Matasa suna rufe kyawawan ganye na shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai duhu. Rounded cones suna da taupe. Ripening, flakes diverge kuma har zuwa 20 tsaba ana samun su a ciki.
Babban bishiyar lemo mai amfani. Mazaunin California yana girma cikin tsayinsa ya kai mita 20. Yana ɗaukar kamannin bishiyar tare da kututturen juji. Gangar jikin matashin tsiro ne a tsaye, amma sannu a hankali rassan sun tanƙwara kamar zage-zage zato ko babbar ƙararrawa. Iri:
- Goldcrest Wilma - ƙaramin ciyayi na itace ko bishiya har zuwa 2 m a tsayi an rufe shi da allurai mai lemun tsami;
- Variegata - allura akan harbe-harbe matasa tare da farin stains;
- Cripps - matasa subulate ganye na spaced daga rassan.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Cypress yaduwa ta tsaba da ƙwaya. Sowna'yan itace da ke yabanya suna shuka ne kawai a cikin bazara. Don yin wannan, fruitsan itacen da suka buɗe suka rarraba da kuma sakin kayan dasa. An daidaita shi a cikin firiji don watanni 3-4. Bayan haka ana nutsar dasu na tsawon awanni 12 a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi tare da ƙari na haɓaka masu haɓakawa kuma an shuka su cikin ƙananan tukwane daban-daban ko a cikin akwati tare da nisan 4 cm. Don shuka, suna amfani da cakuda ƙasa na musamman don conifers. Abun da ke ciki na ƙunshi cikin haske na yanayi. Don haka hasken rana kai tsaye bai sauka a kansu ba. Zazzabi ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin + 18 ... + 21 ° C. Ana fesa saman ƙasa a kai a kai. Tare da tsayi na seedlings na 5-6 cm suna nutsewa. Tushen tushe yana zurfafa zuwa matakin da ya gabata. A cikin shekarar farko, karuwar zai kasance 20-25 cm.
Don cuttings amfani da Semi-lignified apical harbe. Yana da kyawawa cewa suna da diddige (wani ɓangare na haushi na gangar jikin). An cire ƙananan foliage, kuma ana kula da yanki tare da ash ash. Sannan suka tsoma shi cikin Kornevin. An binne yankan zuwa sulusin tsayi. Danshi kasar gona da kyau da kuma rufe shuke-shuke da m hula. Kowane kwanaki 2-3, ana cire matsuguni kuma an cire condensate. Rooting yana ɗaukar watanni 1.5-2.
Shuka da kulawa a gida
Ko da manyan nau'ikan tsirrai na cypress sun dace da haɓakar cikin gida. Duk asirin shine jinkirin girma. Zai ɗauki shekaru da yawa kafin itatuwa su daina dacewa da gidan. A rhizome na shuka ne m, saboda haka dasa ne da za'ayi kawai kamar yadda ya cancanta, tare da adana daga earthy coma. Wiwi ya zama isasshen ɗaki da karko. Isasa ta ƙunshi:
- ƙasa mai narkewa;
- peat;
- tukunyar ƙasa
- yashi.
A ƙasa, kayan magudana daga haushi mai fashewa, yumɓu mai yumbu ko bulo mai fashewa dole ne a sanya shi.
Haske Cypress yana buƙatar hasken rana mai tsawo da haske amma haske ya bazu. A ranakun zafi, kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye ya zama tilas. Hakanan ya kamata ka shayar da dakin yawanci ko ɗaukar shuka a waje. A cikin hunturu, ana buƙatar ƙarin wutar lantarki.
Zazzabi Kodayake cypress yana zaune a kudu, yana da wahala a yi haƙuri da zafi sama da + 25 ° C. Wintering ya kamata ya zama mai sanyaya (+ 10 ... + 12 ° C). A cikin daki kusa da kayan aikin dumama, rassan za su fara bushewa.
Haushi. Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar zafi sosai, saboda haka ana fesa su a kai a kai ko sanya su kusa da maɓallin ruwa. Ba tare da wannan ba, allurai na iya murƙushe su bushe, wanda ke nufin cewa daji zai daina zama mai kyan gani.
Watse. Ba a yarda ambaliyar ruwa na kasar gona ba, saboda haka, ba da ruwa a yanar gizo a kai a kai, amma ba ma yawa sosai. Shouldasa ta bushe kawai a farfajiya. A cikin hunturu, a ƙananan yanayin zafi, an rage ban ruwa.
Takin A watan Mayu-Agusta, ana shayar da mashigar cikin gida tare da bayani na ma'adinai a kowane wata. Manyan riguna suna ci gaba a cikin hunturu, amma kuyi kowane mako shida. Hakanan, don inganta bayyanar, zaku iya ƙara "Epin" a cikin kambin da aka fesa ruwa mai kambi.
Noma waje
Tsarin bishiyar sanyi mai tsaurin sanyi ana iya girma koda a tsakiyar Rasha, kar a faɗi yankuna masu zafi. Kafin sauka, shafin ya kamata a shirya. Don wannan, an haƙa ƙasa tare da Turf, peat, yashi da ƙasa. An haƙa rami mai zurfi fiye da rhizomes don zuba wani lokacin farin ciki Layer na kayan magudanar ƙasa. Da farko, ya kamata kuyi nazarin halaye na zaɓaɓɓen iri iri don ƙayyade mafi kyawun nisa tsakanin tsirrai. Ya kamata ya fi girma da kambi domin tsire-tsire ba sa tsoma baki kuma kada ku ɓoye juna.
Zai fi kyau saukowa a cikin bazara, yayin da yake riƙe da ƙammar ƙura. Samfurorun samari an gina su ta hanyar katako. A nan gaba, ana iya cire shi. Don samun kyakkyawan shuka a cikin lambu, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da aka kunna.
A ƙasa ba za a iya bushe, don haka watering ne da za'ayi quite sau da yawa. Evaporating, danshi yana cike iska, wanda shima yana da mahimmanci. Idan babu ruwan sama, ba a cika guga na ruwa ba mako-mako a gindin bishiya. A kan kwanakin zafi, ana shayar da ruwa sau biyu. Ana baza rawanin a kai a kai.
Fertilizing matasa tsire-tsire ana aiwatar sau biyu a wata, daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da maganin superphosphate ko mullein. Farawa daga shekaru 4-5 na rayuwa, an rage girman miya. Ana yin su sau 1-2 ne kawai a shekara, a damuna da damina.
Don ba da bushes siffar, suna a kai a kai sheared. A watan Maris, an cire rassa mai bushe da bushe. Fewan duringan lokutan lokacin aiwatar da aski mai gashi. Ba fiye da 30% na harbe an cire su a lokaci guda. Tare da taka tsantsan, kuna buƙatar datsa da tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, saboda zasu iya yin tasiri sosai a cikin hunturu. Amma aski da aka za'ayi a faɗuwar yakan motsa bayyanar matakai a kaikaice da kuma lokacin rawanin rawanin. Wannan kuma yana da kyau.
A cikin hunturu, koda za a rufe nau'ikan sanyi mai sanyi, duk da cewa wasu daga cikinsu na iya tsayayya da lokacin sanyi zuwa gajere zuwa -20 ° C. A ƙarshen kaka, kafin farkon lokacin sanyi, ana amfani da daskararren filin danshi Watering sa shi yalwatacce. A cikin hunturu, bishiyoyi da ƙananan bishiyoyi an rufe su da kayan da ba a saka ba, ƙasa kuma a tushen an rufe ta da ganye. Yawancin lokaci, dusar ƙanƙara yana aiki azaman mai ƙarancin zafi, amma kuma yana ɗaukar haɗari. Dwararren dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙarfi na iya karya rassa, saboda haka ya kamata a murƙushe su lokaci-lokaci. Tall pyramidal tsire-tsire suna ɗaure tare da igiya sannan an goge su.
Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa
Cypress yana da kyakkyawan rigakafi. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, ba ya rashin lafiya kwata-kwata. Idan ƙasa ne a kai a kai ambaliya, tushen rot na iya haɓaka. Don magance shi, ana yin maganin kashe-kashe, an canza kayan aikin gona kuma an yayyafa kambi Epin.
Daga cikin kwari, scabies da gizo-gizo mites mafi yawan lokuta suna bayyana. Yin rigakafin kamuwa da cuta shine yayyafa ta yau da kullun da hura iska. Lokacin da kwayar cutar ta zauna, an kula da shuka tare da Actellic.
Idan rassan suka bushe a yanar gizon, wannan yana nuna isasshen hasken da zafi. Haka matsalar take iya tashi daga canje-canje kwatsam a zazzabi. Don kada shuka ya ji rauni, ya kamata ba sau da yawa sake tsara shi daga wuri zuwa wuri. Don ƙarfafa ƙwayar bishiya, an ƙara ɗan Zircon a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa.
Amfani da yanar gizo
Ana amfani da gandun daji da bishiyoyi tare da kyawawan siffofi masu ban sha'awa a cikin zane mai faɗi. Suna samar da shinge ko shinge. Single monumental shuke-shuke a tsakiyar Lawn duba ba kasa da kyau. Varietiesa'idodin Creeping sun dace don yin ado da manyan duwatsun dutse. M bishiyoyin Kirsimeti na cikin gida zasu cika ɗakin da ƙanshin mai daɗi da bambanta kayan adon.
Ana samo man ƙanshi mai guba daga allurar wasu nau'in. Ana amfani dashi don halartar aromatherapy da kuma dalilai na likita, azaman maganin antiseptik, antispasmodic, tonic da antirheumatic wakili.
Kamshin busasshen bishiyar kwari da kwari da kwari. Sprigs za a iya yanka kuma dage farawa daga cikin gidan. Shukewar Shuka itace kyakyawan abin kariya kuma ana saninsa da kyan abubuwa masu ban tsoro. Ko da a tsohuwar Misira, ana amfani dashi don yin jigilar jini. Haske da katako mai karfi ana kuma godiya. Nasihu da tsarin da aka yi da gidan yanar gizon suna amfani da dogon lokaci.
