Shuke-shuke

Gyara raspberries da nau'ikansa: yadda ba za a yi kuskure tare da zaɓin ba

A kusan kowane matsugunni, ana samun busheshen rasberi. Ana ƙaunar da tsofaffi da yara don dandano mai daɗin ɗanɗano, ƙanshin da ba a ɗaurewa, kayan kida. Don tsawanta da fruiting na shuka, don sa amfanin gona ya yawaita, don samun damar jin daɗin labarai kafin ƙarshen kaka mai yiwuwa ne idan kun shuka raspberries na gyaran iri.

Abin da ke gyara rasberi

Rasberi shine tsire-tsire da ƙaunataccen lambu na ƙasar mu. Yana da wani daji tare da perennial rhizome da biennial fruiting harbe. Babban bambanci tsakanin raspberries na gyaran iri daga nau'ikan talakawa shine yiwuwar samun amfanin gona ninki biyu a shekara. A berries ripen biyu a kan harbe na shekara ta biyu na rayuwa (wanda yake shi ne na al'ada ga raspberries), kuma a harbe na yanzu shekara.

Kalmar "remontant" ta zo zuwa harshen Rashanci daga Faransanci (sake tunani - sake-farawa, sake tashi). Remontance yana da asali ba kawai a cikin raspberries ba, har ma a wasu tsire-tsire na lambu: strawberries, strawberries, wasu 'ya'yan itace citrus da na itace-fure-fure.

Siffofin gyaran nau'ikan rasberi

Masu shayarwa sun shayar da nau'o'in al'adu masu yawa, amma dukkaninsu sun hade ta wadannan abubuwan:

  1. Yiwuwar fruiting a farkon shekara bayan dasa. Wannan shi ne saboda saurin ci gaba na harbe waɗanda suke da lokaci zuwa takin, sannan kuma lignified. A cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwar shuka, amfanin gona ya tsiro duka biyu akan rassan matasa da kuma rasunan da aka dasa a shekarar da ta gabata.
  2. Kwanan ripening na berries akan harbe na shekaru daban-daban basu dace ba. Don haka, a cikin lokacin bazara ɗaya, mai lambu zai iya samun amfanin gona rasberi guda biyu. Amma saboda wannan, ya zama dole don sani da lura da ayyukan aikin gona wanda ya wajaba don narkar da ire-iren kulawa. Misali, kar a manta a dauko tumatir cikakke akan lokaci da kan lokaci, in ba haka ba to lalata kayan shuka zai yiwu.
  3. Slow m. Dandana lambu san yadda sauri overgrown talakawa raspberries ba tare da ta dace kula iya juya zuwa m thickets. Lokacin dasa shuki iri iri na gyarawa, wannan tsari za'a shimfida shi tsawon lokaci tsawon shekaru.

Semi-remontant (na karya-remontant, tare da alamun remontance) raspberries

Kamar yadda sunan ya ɗauka, irin wannan rasberi yana haɗaka da kaddarorin biyu na remontant da iri-iri mara yawa. Wannan fasalin ya ta'allaka ne da cewa harbe-harbe na shekara ta yanzu na irin wannan shuka suna da 'ya'ya, amma ba gaba ɗaya ba, amma kawai saman (kusan na uku). Lowerashin ƙananan zai samar da amfanin gona kawai shekara mai zuwa. A zahiri magana, saman raspberries ne remontant, kasa ne talakawa.

Lokacin zabar raspberries na Semi-dindindin iri-iri, kuna buƙatar la'akari da halaye na yankin girma. A cikin yankuna na arewacin kasar, kambin gyara lokacin harbi na iya samun lokacin yin fure a cikin kankanin lokacin bazara. Sannan raspberries za su fara kawo 'ya'yan itace a shekara mai zuwa, a matsayin iri-iri mara gyara.

Idan harbin ya yi fure, amma ba su da lokacin yin ripen, to dole ne a cire wannan ɓangaren na shuka, tunda babu furanni da 'ya'yan itace a cikin shekara mai zuwa.

A cikin yankuna na kudanci, nau'in gyaran rabin zai iya yin hali kamar iri iri na gyarawa, watau, suna da lokaci don samar da albarkatu duka a jikin harbe na shekara da na shekara da na bara.

Yankin da aka gyara na ƙarshe wanda ya ci nasara a kan ƙauna da amincin lambu na Rasha shine gilashi mai rahusa. Baya ga alamun Semi-remontability, ana rarrabe shi ta launi mara kyau da dandano mai kyau na berries.

Manyan furanni na wani sabon abu mai launi zasu yi ado da kowane irin shiri

Mafi kyawun irin remont raspberries

Daga cikin ire-iren ire-iren ire-iren da masu ba da kayayyaki ke bayarwa, zabar wanda ya dace a dukkan fannoni ba karamin aiki bane mai sauki. Wajibi ne a la'akari da yanayin yanayin yanayin shuka da ƙasa, kazalika da ka'idodin fasahar fasahar noma da halayen nau'ikan da aka zaɓa.

Na farko irin remont raspberries

Ana iya yin gyaran girma ta hanyar girma tare da tsammanin samun amfanin gona biyu ko ɗaya a kowace kakar. A cikin shari'ar farko (mafi dacewa don yankuna na kudancin ƙasar, inda dogon lokacin rani ya ba da shuka yiwuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa) a cikin ƙarshen kaka ko farkon bazara, an cire trimmed na fruiting na harbe. A berries iya ripen a cikin sauran shoot na gaba shekara ta tsakiyar watan Yuni. Yunkuri na biyu na girbi zai kasance a kan rassan da suka girma a wannan shekara.

A lokacin da girma remont raspberries daya amfanin gona a cikin fall, da daji ne gaba daya trimmed zuwa tushen. An girbi kaka a kan matasa harbe na yanzu shekara, amma fruiting fara daga baya (marigayi Yuni - tsakiyar Yuli, dangane da tsarin namo).

Augustine

Inean bishiyar Augustine iri dake bushewar shahararrun shayarwa I.V. Kazakov da S.N. Evdokimenko. An bambanta ta da rikitaccen ƙazamin daji (1.2 - 1.6 m), wanda yawanci ya ƙunshi harbe bakwai madaidaiciya. A cikin Tsakiyar Tsakiya da Tsakiyar Yanki na countryasa na ƙasar, raƙuman farko na fruiting na iya faruwa bayan 10 ga Yuni, na biyu - bayan 15 ga Agusta, ci gaba har zuwa farkon sanyi. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa pathogens da cutarwa kwari. Ku ɗanɗani halayen berries masu matsakaici-sized ana kimanta su akan 4 akan ma'aunin maki biyar. Aikace-aikacen duniya ne: daga sabo zuwa amfani bushewa.

Augustine berries suna zagaye, mai yawa, maroon

Ina son wannan iri-iri domin harbe su ne in mun gwada da low kuma babu bukatar trellis. Kuma berries na wannan iri-iri suna da ɗanɗano mai dandano, kuma, duk da matsakaiciyar girman berries, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da matuƙar girma, kamar yadda ake kafa harbe-harbe masu yawa tare da inflorescences. Na kuma lura cewa ire-iren siffofin suna da yawa na ci gaba kuma sabili da haka wajibi ne don daidaita yawan harbe-harbe na shekara ta yanzu wanda ya fi girma.

Nikolay

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Hercules

Iri daban-daban na duniya, ana saninsa da yawan aiki mai girma (yana kaiwa daga kilogiram 2.5 zuwa 4 daga gandun daji ɗaya). Dajin yana da tsayi (1.6 - 2.0 m), amma a lokaci guda m, ba yaduwa ba. The harbe na rasberi Hercules suna da ƙarfi, marasa jituwa, madaidaiciya; yawansu bai wuce 3-4 a daji ba. Saboda wannan, bushes iya yi ba tare da garter. A iri ne halin da unpretentiousness ga girma yanayi, wato, abun da ke ciki na kasar gona da mita na ban ruwa. Baya ga wannan fasalin, raspberries Hercules yana ƙaunar masu lambu don juriyarsu ga cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa.

Hercules Rasberi yana zaune har zuwa sunanta tare da duka tsayin daji da girman berries

Bishiyoyin suna da yawa, suna yin awo 6. Ta dandano, ana basu maki 4 daga 5, amma akwai sourness da aka ambata. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da raspberries na wannan iri-iri don canning na gida (adana, jams, compotes), inda ba a jin acid na berries saboda ƙari na sukari, kuma an bayyana ƙanshinsu da cikakke.

Binciko iri-iri na Hercules - bidiyo

Barka

Rasberi Rasvyana ya bambanta da sauran iri. Thorny spikes a kan harbe ake rauni nuna, wanda ƙwarai facilitates girbi. Bushes yana da ƙarfi, barga, har zuwa 2 m, tsayi sosai. Otsan buɗe ido suna tsayayya wa masauki. Yana da yawan harsasai masu yawa. Buƙatar shayarwa, a cikin zafi, busasshen rani, berries da ganye na iya bushewa a ciki. Wuce hadadden danshi na iya cutar da shuka.

Fruiting, kamar yadda a cikin mafi yawan farkon cikakke iri, na iya fara a farkon tsakiyar Yuni. Manyan (waɗanda suka kai gram 11) 'ya'yan itãcen marmari suna riƙe da harbe, kar a crumble cikin iska mai ƙarfi. Baya ga abubuwan da ke sama, Brusvyana ta sami ƙaunar masu lambu don juriyarta ta sanyi. Tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari.

Berries su ne manyan, conical a siffar.

A lokacin da horar da raspberries Brusvyana ya kamata la'akari da ƙanshin ƙanshin da ke fitowa daga daji. Wasu kafofin suna ɗaukar warin da cewa ba su da daɗi kuma suna danganta shi da halaye marasa kyau na iri-iri.

A berries na iri-iri suna halin karuwar yawa, saboda abin da suke riƙe da su na conical siffar ko da bayan shafe tsawon dafa abinci, saboda haka ana amfani da Brusvyana ɗayan mafi kyawun iri don matsawa. Haɗin ɗanɗano na berries suna da kyau: mai daɗi, m, tare da ƙarancin rashin farin ciki na sourness.

Binciken Brusvyana cultivar - bidiyo

High-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri remont raspberries

Kowane lambu yana son samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na berries. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zaɓar waɗancan nau'ikan da aka yiwa alama "mai bada ƙarfi".

Bryansk divo

Relativelyarancin matasa da aka samu ta hanyar shayarwa a shekara ta 2001. Isan daji yana da matsakaici-matsakaici, yana kaiwa 1.3 - 1.8 m ba ga tsawo, yana da matsakaita da harbe shida 6-8 Bryansk diva yana buƙatar harbe harbe. Rasberi yana kuma neman akan ƙasa: ya fi dacewa da girma a kan yashi mai haske da yashi mai loamy mai amfani da hasken rana. Ilsasa mai nauyi tare da kasancewa ta kusa da ruwan ƙasa bai dace da narkar da wannan iri-iri ba. Da ake samu suna da yawa, amma ana fara samun ɗan lokaci kaɗan kaɗan fiye da a cikin nau'ikan da aka nuna a sama (yawanci ana girbe berries daga ƙarshen Yuni-farkon Yuli har zuwa farkon sanyi). A cikin rigar, damuna, lokacin mamaki Bryansk na iya fama da cututtukan fungal; juriyar cutar tana da matsakaici. Ba ya son fari, lokacin da ya girma cikin yankuna na kudanci, ban ruwa na ruwa a busassun yanayi yana da kyawawa.

Bryansk diva ya kasance iri-iri na rasberi na rassa ne

Yawan amfanin wannan nau'in rasberi yana da yawa, tare da fasaha mai dacewa ta noma shine 3 - 3.5 kilogiram na berries daga daji. Berries na Bryansk diva suna da yawa (a kan matsakaici 6 grams, matsakaicin nauyi - 11 gram), siffar elongated-cone (har zuwa 4 cm tsayi), dandano mai dadi tare da ɗan ɗimbin acidity da ƙanshin mai ƙanshi mai laushi.

A peculiarity muhimmi a cikin raspberries na Bryansk divo iri ne shi ne ci gaban 'ya'yan itace twigs, biyu daga kowane shoot kumburi.

Penguin

Ba daidai ba daidaitaccen nau'ikan remont raspberries, halin babban yawan aiki. A daji ne low, kai kawai 1.5 m ba ga tsawo, da karfi kafa kafa harbe tare da taqaitaccen internodes. Raspberries na wannan iri-iri sune ainihin kayan ado saboda yawa da ɗaukar nauyin 'ya'yan itãcen. Berries suna matsakaici a cikin girman (4 zuwa 5 grams).

A kananan size daga cikin rasberi penguin aka biya diyya da lambar

Ratinganɗana kuɗin ɗanɗano shine matsakaici - maki 3.7 daga 5. 'Yan lambu ma lura da rashin ɗanɗano rasberi. Babban hasara na iri-iri shine ƙarancin juriya na sanyi.

Binciken bambancin Penguin - Bidiyo

Wanne iri ne za a iya kiransa daɗin daɗi

Yawan zaƙi na berries yana tasiri ga dalilai da yawa: danshi ƙasa, yawan kwanakin rani a lokacin da ake ɗumatuwa, ayyukan aikin gona da kulawa da kyau. Amma dandano kuma ya dogara da nau'ikan da aka zaɓa.

Polka

An san iri-iri tun daga shekarar 1993. Tun daga wannan lokacin, yawancin 'yan lambu na kasar Rasha sun yi nasarar nuna godiyarsa. Rasberi Polka bincike daya daga cikin tunani iri na remont raspberries. Kare ne mai matsakaici (har zuwa mita 1.8 a tsayi) daji, galibi yana kunshe da tsararraki 7-10 masu ƙarfi waɗanda basa buƙatar garter. Spikes suna da rauni bayyana. Yawan aiki shine kilogiram 2.5-4 na berries daga daji. Ba za a iya kiran Polka farkon iri-iri ba; yawanci, girbin amfanin gona ya fara a tsakiyar watan Yuli kuma zai ci gaba har sanyi. Polka berries na kyawawan launuka rasberi mai haske, mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa: tare da thickening a gindi da kuma kunkuntar hanci. Matsakaicin dandano shine mafi girma: maki 5 daga 5. Berries suna tsayayya da sufuri, suna da kyau don amfani sabo, don shirye-shiryen gida da daskarewa.

Tunani na gyara raspberries - Polka

Rasberi Polka berries suna tsayayya da sanyi: 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba za su sha wahala a zazzabi zuwa -2 digiri ba, bayan wannan tumatir ɗin nasu zai ci gaba.

A lokacin da girma da wannan iri-iri, ya kamata a tuna cewa irin wannan raspberries ba su yi haƙuri biyu low kuma high yanayin zafi. Fushin sanyi na Polka shine matsakaici - tana buƙatar tsari don hunturu. Kuma a cikin zafi, bushe lokacin bazaar, bushes buƙatar drip ban ruwa da shading.

Polka iri-iri bita - bidiyo

Iri irin rasberi ya dace da namo a yankuna

Don samun sharar gona ta hanyar shayarwa, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi iri-iri da suka dace don namo a cikin yankin musamman tare da wasu yanayin yanayi, takamaiman yanayin ƙasa da matakin danshi. Yanayin yankin dasa zai zama hukunci a zaɓin iri-iri.

Yankin Moscow

Yanayin Moscow, yankin Moscow da yankuna kewaye da shi ana saninsa da lokacin sanyi mai sanyi da kuma lokacin zafi mai zafi. Lokacin sanyi lokacin sanyi yake yawa. Saboda haka, don namo a cikin kewayen birni, raspberries dole ne ya kasance mai tsayayya da yawan zafin jiki kwatsam a cikin bazara da kaka.

Raspananan nau'ikan rashan na remontant waɗanda suka dace da namo a Yankin Moscow - hotunan hoto

Tabbas, zabar raspberries, zai zama da amfani don jin ra'ayi na waɗanda suka riga sun shuka iri-iri da ake so a cikin ɗakuna na bazara.

Ina son lu'ulu'u. Girbi ya cika gaba ɗaya. Berries na farko suna ƙarshen Yuli da farkon watan Agusta. Shawarwa, har zuwa 1.5 m babban abu ne. Dandano ya dogara da yanayin, kwanar da ta gabata a watan Satumba bai bambanta da lokacin bazara. Dandano ya dogara da yanayin, mai kyau, cikin rana da dumin yanayi yana da kyau sosai, ƙanshin su kuma na rasberi ne. Yawan amfanin ƙasa yana da kyau, yana da kyau don ciyarwa (sun kawo taki, ash, nitrophos a cikin bazara) da kuma rassan lanƙwasa. Yana haifuwa kullun, kodayake bashi da girma da yawa. Kamar wancan wasin.
Ba na tsayar da harbe-harbe, Na bar duk abin da ya karu, wasu sun fara farawa da wuri, wasu kuma daga baya. Sabili da haka, an kara fruiting. Zuwa Oktoba, komai na narkewa a cikina.

anina (yankin Tula)

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Rasberi "Hussar" Berry na farko da ya tsiro Yuni 3 - 5. Berries ya yaɗu na dogon lokaci (1 - 2 makonni) kuma bi da bi. Har sai mutum ya koma ja, sauran ba su girma kuma ba sa canza launi. Wannan baƙon abu bane a gare ni, saboda rasberi na daji-rabin, wanda na samo daga lokutan Soviet, ana farfadowa kamar mahaukaci. Ina da lokaci don ganin yadda ake zubar da berries tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Amma ... Ina son rasberi na Rasberi na more. Tana da zaki kamar zuma, amma wannan ... Ba ta bane. M, m da kyau sosai (duk da cewa kowane Berry yana da siffar mara tsari), amma babu. Ina son kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa, musamman ma cikakke. Wanan ya tsaka tsaki na Kuma wani wanda yake ƙaunar wannan yana iya son sa. Saboda wannan na sanya ta 4.

izhoga

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Ural da Urals

Theaddarawar zaɓi don zaɓar iri-iri a wannan yankin zai kasance juriya ta dusar ƙanƙara. Ba kowane iri-iri ba ne zai iya jure tsawon lokacin sanyi da kuma yanayin sanyi na wannan yankin.

Daban-daban na remont raspberries masu dacewa don girma a cikin Urals da kuma a cikin Urals - gidan hoto

Siberiya

Wannan yankin an san shi ba kawai don tsananin sanyi lokacin sanyi ba, har ma lokacin bazara mai zafi. Ya kamata a zaɓi nau'in rasberi na rasberi sosai a hankali, la'akari da juriyarsa ba kawai don yin sanyi ba, har ma da lokacin zafi. Babban mahimmanci zai zama ɗan gajeren girma. Dukkanin nau'ikan da aka gabatar a ƙasa suna da tsayayya ga sanyi, wanda ke sa su dace da namo yanayi a cikin mawuyacin yanayin Siberiya.

Raspanyan nau'ikan rashan na remontant waɗanda suka dace da namo a Siberiya - gidan hoto

Shekaru 5 da suka gabata, Na dasa shuki na 2 na remont raspberries na nau'in CHIF. Yanzu bushes da yawa sun mamaye yanki kusan murabba'in mita 3. Berry yana da girma, ɗanɗano yana da daɗi, amma babba ne. Ana faɗaɗa ripening kuma ba shi yiwuwa a tara adadin tanreble na berries, kamar yadda a cikin nau'ikan talakawa. Yawan amfanin gonar bai wuce kashi 60% ba.

ANI (Yankin Novosibirsk)

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Yankunan Tsakiya da Kudancin Rasha

Matsakaicin sanyi da kuma lokacin bazara mai tsayi a cikin wadannan yankuna suna ba wa 'yan lambu cikakke dama don shuka amfanin gona da yawa, gami da remont raspberries. Amma kar ku manta cewa wasu nau'ikan ba su yi haƙuri da zafi, lokacin bazara na Kudancin Rasha ba.

Reananan nau'ikan bishiyoyi na remont sun girma a kudu na Rasha - hotunan hoto

Ina son apricot Mai yawa berries kuma har sai frosts. Don dandana - komai na musamman, amma ba mara kyau ba, a 4+. Duk da yake yana da ɗumi, yana daɗaɗa mai daɗi, sannan mai daɗi da m, amma ina tsammanin kusan dukkanin raspberries suna nuna halayen wannan. Yana haihuwa da kyau ta hanyar harbe. Yana buƙatar m garters, daga yalwar berries - ya faɗi akan (An ɗaure ni da ƙwayar tumatir, Na mamaye wani yaji kuma ya mamaye kaina). Tare da yin ruwa na yau da kullun, berries sun fi girma. A bara, na yanke duka bangare na iska don hunturu, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa wannan shekarar da berries ɗin ta fara farawa a ƙarshen, a farkon watan Agusta, mai yiwuwa (ban rubuta shi nan da nan ba, amma yanzu ban iya tunawa daidai). A wannan shekara, ban yanyan ba - Zan ga yadda nake nuna halaye a shekara mai zuwa.

Furika (Rostov-on-Don)

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Daga kwarewar sirri an tabbatar da cewa yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don zaɓar iri-iri ba, har ma don siyanta daidai. Don siye, zaɓi shagunan amintattu da wuraren kiwon lafiya. A cikin akwati kada ku sayi seedlings daga masu sayarwa bazuwar waɗanda ke kasuwanci kai tsaye daga motoci. In ba haka ba, kuna haɗarin samun ƙwayar da ba a sani ba.

Yin zaɓin da ya dace lokacin sayen Rasberi na gyaran gidanka na rani mai sauƙi ne. Abin sani kawai kuna buƙatar sanin fasalin nau'ikan gyaran da yin la'akari da abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli waɗanda ke tasiri narkar amfanin gona na 'ya'yan itace (gami da rasse) a yankin ku.