Bishiyar Strawberry a tsakiyar Rasha tana kawo amfanin gona guda ɗaya a kowace kakar, yayin da ingancinsa ke tasiri sosai ga abubuwan halitta na waje. Ruwan sanyi mai sanyi yakan kawo dukkan tsammanin rashin amfani. Berries girma unsweetened, ruwa da ƙanana. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, namo wannan amfanin gona na thermophilic a cikin gidajen katako da hotbeds sun jawo hankali sosai kamar yadda lambu mai son gwanaye da kwararru a harkar noman. Kuna iya shuka strawberries a cikin greenhouses a cikin bazara ko duk shekara zagaye. A lamari na biyu, ana girke berries ana sayarwa. Fasahar aikin gona na al'ada a cikin gidan kore ta bambanta da filin buɗe kan wasu fannoni, wanda yanki ke ƙaruwa, lokaci na shekara da sarari takamaiman an ƙaddara su.
Fasaha don girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse
Don namo strawberries a cikin greenhouse, ciki har da lokacin hunturu, rukuni biyu na dalilai suna da mahimmanci:
- rukunin farko - yanayin waje wanda ba'a canza shi ba don kowane iri. Dole ne a lura dasu duka tare da kayan gargajiya a cikin ƙasa, da kuma narkar da kore, a lokacin rani da damuna. Wato, waɗannan yanayi ne na halitta ba tare da abin da Berry kawai ba zai ba da 'ya'ya. A wani yunƙuri don samun amfanin gona a cikin gidan kore, da ƙanƙan da wuya muke ƙirƙirar yanayin da yake kusa da na halitta;
- rukuni na biyu shine sifofin da yakamata a yi la’akari da zabar nau'ikan iri.
Don kyakkyawan sakamako, duka rukunoni biyu suna da mahimmanci.
Dalilai na 'Ya'yan itacen Strawberry
Domin da Berry don farantawa duk shekara zagaye, yana da daraja sanin ƙarƙashin abin da yanayi fruiting faruwa duka a bude da kuma rufe ƙasa.
Tebur: 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Strawberry
| Dalilai | Siffar |
| Ruwan sama da ƙasa | Kyakkyawan yanayin zai zama zazzabi na +8 zuwa +24 ° C. A cikin aiwatar da haɓaka, ya zama dole don cimma ƙarancin zafin jiki daga ƙarami zuwa matsakaici. Wannan yana sanya yiwuwar a cikin matasai masu tsauri. |
| Haushi | Al'adar tana da hankali sosai ga yanayin zafi: yana da mahimmanci don kula da matakin 85% lokacin dasa kayan kuma rage shi zuwa 70% ta lokacin fure. Jin zafi sosai na iya haifar da rashin lafiya da rashin amfanin gona. |
| Darewar rana | Idan babu hasken rana, ba wani tsiro ɗaya da zai iya haɓaka ba. Yana ɗaukar awowi takwas na haske a lokacin furanni da sa'o'i goma sha shida lokacin fadowa. Nau'in gargajiya suna kula da cikar hasken rana; nau'ikan zamani basu da saukin kamuwa. |
| Pollination | Strawberries suna buƙatar pollinators - na halitta ko wucin gadi. Ba tare da pollination ba, ba shi yiwuwa a cimma tsarin 'ya'yan itace. Varietiesananun nau'ikan gyaran zamani suna ɗaukar kansu da kansu |
Babban halaye lokacin zabar iri-iri na strawberries don kiwo na kore
Babban mahimmanci a cikin narkar da strawberries a cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa shine zaɓi na iri-iri. Ba daidai ba zaɓi na iri-iri don namo hunturu cike da rashin jin daɗi da asarar amfanin gona. Sharuɗɗan ya kamata ya kasance yanki na haɓaka da kuma ikon fasaha na greenhouse. Ba a la'akari da su a wannan labarin ba.
Lokacin da ake noma strawberries a cikin wani sarari mai shinge na shinkafa, yana kuma da kyau a kula da abubuwan da ke ƙasa:
- pollination,
- farkon ripening
- daidaituwa na 'ya'yan itace ripening,
- mai saukin kamuwa zuwa hasken rana.
Pollination
Don samuwar strawberries, ana buƙatar pollinators. A cikin watannin da ke cikin shekara mai zafi, a ƙarƙashin sararin samaniya, pollination yakan faru ta halitta tare da sa hannun kwari. Koyaya, da wuya su tashi zuwa cikin gidan kore, saboda haka sanya hive da ƙudan zuma a ciki na iya zama ɗayan mafita.
A cikin watanni na sanyi, lokacin da kwari suka yi hibernate, suka fara zuwa aikin pollication na wucin gadi. Don yin wannan, tare da buroshi, pollen daga buɗe fure an canja shi zuwa wasu tsire-tsire. Dukkanin tsari ne mai sauki, amma dangane da girma manyan ɗimbin berries, yana da matukar aiki da tsayi.
Ana yin pollination na wucin gadi na strawberries tare da buroshi ko auduga.
Zabi na biyu don warware matsalar pollination shine zabi na nau'in pollination iri daban-daban. A wannan yanayin, ba a bukatar wani mutum na ingila a cikin wannan tsari, kuma babu buƙatar sa hannun kwari. Kusan dukkanin nau'ikan zamani na gyaran strawberries suna yin pollinated. Mafi shahararrun sune:
- Elsanta,
- Sarauniya Elizabeth II,
- Ostara
- Albion
- Sigose,
- Lyubava
- Fort Laremi,
- Mu'ujjizan Likhonosov,
- Geneva
Lokacin zabar iri-iri, la'akari da fasalin yankin ku. Ofaya daga cikin sanannun nau'in-pollinated a tsakanin lambu shine Sarauniya Elizabeth ta II, ƙwararrun matasa masu gyara nau'in tsiro iri-iri. Ya shahara da rashin daidaituwarsa kuma a lokaci guda babban yawan aiki. An nuna godiya ga iyalai don samar da ɗimbin fruitsa fruitsan itãcen marmari, don daskararru mai yawa mai ƙarfi waɗanda ke jure yanayin sufuri, da daskarewa da narkewar gaba.
Daga cikin gazawa, an lura da buƙatar suturar sati na manyan bushes da sauyawa na shekara na kayan abu. Sau da yawa ana amfani dashi don haɓaka a cikin greenhouse.
'Ya'yan Sarauniya Sarauniya Elizabeth II suna da kyakkyawan zaki da dandano mai kyau
Tabbas, sabbin nau'ikan gyara suna magance matsaloli da yawa, kamar su fitar da pollin a lokacin sanyi. Amma yana da daraja tunawa cewa suna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa, maimaita kai tsaye tare da abubuwa masu ma'adinai da takin ma'adinai, musanya ƙasa da bushes. Wannan ramuwar ba makawa ce don ci gaba da samun 'ya'yan itace.
Farkowa da wuri
A tsakiyar layi tare da yanayin rashin daidaituwa, yana da daraja kula da albarkatu tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin girma. Wannan ya shafi duka furannin ƙasa da na amfanin gona. Girma a farkon bishiyar bishiyoyi a cikin cimin zai buƙaci karancin lokaci, wanda ke nufin rage farashin ma'aikata, wutar lantarki da dumama a cikin hunturu.
Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan farkon da suka tabbatar da kansu a tsakanin magabata da ƙwararru, shine Marshmallow. Wannan nau'ikan samar da gwaggwabar riba yana ba da kilogram ɗaya na berries daga daji, ripens da wuri, yana tsayayya da fari da kwari. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna haƙuri kuma ana adana su na dogon lokaci.
Strawberry Marshmallow Bambanci - Farko da Ingantaccen mai yawa
Don ƙarin yankuna na kudanci, zaku iya ba da damar zaɓin albarkatu tare da lokutan rayayyun lokaci - na tsakiya da na marigayi. A wannan yanayin, za a kiyaye mahimmancin ci gaba da girbi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga tsarin noman strawberry na kasuwanci.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu ɗorewa
Wannan yanayin na iri yana da mahimmanci a cikin ayyukan masana'antu. Za ta ba da damar tattara berries a hankali. Ba za a sami buƙatar kallo na yau da kullun da akai-akai ba don bincika sababbin 'ya'yan itaciyar. Za a girbe kaka a wani lokaci ko kuma a wani lokaci na wani lokaci.
Matsakaici game da hasken rana
Varietiesanan gargajiya na gargajiya suna buƙatar tsawan hasken rana don yin 'ya'ya. Akwai iri wanda fruiting ba ya shafa da hasken rana hours. Idan a cikin yanayin yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 8 na haske a kowace rana don saita strawberries, kuma kimanin sa'o'i 16 don ripening, to, nau'in tsaka tsaki tsintsa ba tare da tsauraran matakan waɗannan yanayin ba. Irin nau'in gyaran zamani don mafi yawan lokuta suna da wannan halayyar. Koyaya, a lokacin noman hunturu na strawberries, a kowane hali, ya kamata ka nemi ƙarin hasken wuta tare da phytolamps.
Mafi shahararrun kuma a cikin buƙata irin waɗannan suna gyara irin nau'in strawberries na hasken rana a matsayin:
- Abarba
- Brighton
- Dutsen Everest
- Sarauniya Elizabeth II,
- Sarauniya Elizabeth
- Gwaji
- Kayan abinci na Moscow,
- Lamarin Ozark
- Furuci,
- Red mai arziki
- Sakhalin,
- Selva,
- Haraji
- Tristar.
Hoto na hoto: Reananan Ayyuka na Samun ofan Marmari na Tsabtace Rana na Yau da kullun
- Strawberry iri-iri Sarauniya Elizabeth II - ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun tsakanin masu fara lambu
- Strawberry Selva dan kadan ne mai saukin kamuwa da cutar
- Abarba Abarba Strawberry - Lafiyayyun Kayan Banbanci da Abarba Abarba
- Strawberry iri-iri Brighton ya zo cikin fruition da sauri
- Berries na Sarauniya Elizabeth iri-iri - m da mai yawa
- Strawberry iri-iri Gwaji - kai pollinated
- Strawberry iri-iri Moscow kayan masarufi sukan cika makonni 2 a baya fiye da sauran nau'ikan
- Bishiyar rawabi'a iri-iri Frenchan itace na Frenchan Faransanci daga Mayu zuwa sanyi
- Red Rich Strawberry yana samarwa - har zuwa 300 g a kowane daji
- Strawberry iri-iri Tribute bred a cikin Amurka
- Stristberry iri-iri Tristar - hunturu-Hardy, tare da manyan berries masa 25-30 g
- Strawberry iri-iri Mount Everest - mai girma
- Strawberry iri-iri Ozark kyakkyawa ya shahara saboda manyann furanninsa da ba a saba dashi ba.
Watering da ciyar
'Ya'yan itace, kamar sauran albarkatu na Berry, son danshi. Koyaya, danshi mai wuce gona da iri yana lalata tsire-tsire yayin fure da lokacin tumatir. Ka tuna cewa, ba lallai ne a bar ruwa ya faɗi akan ganye da furanni ba. Mafi kyawun bayani shine ban ruwa na ruwa na ruwa.
Hanya mafi kyau don ba da ruwa strawberries ita ce bushewa
Lokacin dasa shuki tsire-tsire, ana aiwatar da ruwa kowace rana. A nan gaba (lokacin fure da 'ya'yan itace) suna canzawa zuwa tsarin mulki bayan kwanaki 5-7.
A duk lokacin girma, ya zama dole takin tare da takaddun takaddun da ke dauke da nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium da magnesium. Kuna iya amfani da mafita na ruwa (g 80 na ammonium nitrate diluted a cikin 10 l na ruwa tare da superphosphate da 10 g na potassium gishiri).
Hanyar don girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse
Girma strawberries shekara-shekara a cikin greenhouses yana yiwuwa a hanyoyi da yawa:
- a kan gadaje;
- a cikin kwalaye, jaka, kwantena;
- hanyar hydroponic.
An shirya kayan dasa abubuwa a gaba. A watan Yuli-Agusta, ciyawar harbe - tumatir - mustach - tushen a bude ƙasa. Kafin sanyi, a watan Oktoba Nuwamba ko Nuwamba, an girma bushes zuwa ga greenhouse.
Don amfani da shekara-shekara, kore yana buƙatar dumama
Gidaje na fure don girma strawberries a duk shekara suna buƙatar dumama, haske da iska. Aduntatacciyar riko ga duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na aikin gona zai kawo gamsuwa ga girbin.
A cikin gadaje
Hanyar al'ada ta girma berries kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ta ƙunshi dasa bushes a jere 1 m fadi gwargwadon makirci na 15 × 15 cm ko 20 × 20 cm. Ana amfani da dasa ƙasa, loamy, mai arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki. Don shirya, ɗauka ƙasa mai ƙanshi na amsawar tsaka tsaki na acid ko ɗan ƙaramin acidic, ƙara takin da aka juya, sawdust, peat low, yashi. Matsakaicin rabo shine 7: 2: 1, inda sassan bakwai na ƙasa keɓaɓɓu, ɓangarori biyu na peat, ɓangare na babban yashi kogi. Don sauƙaƙe kulawa, dogayen layin an mulmula su da agrofibre.
Ka tuna cewa peat doki yana ba ƙasa ƙarin acidity, kuma don strawberries wannan ba shine zaɓi mafi kyau ba. Oarfafa ƙasa na yiwuwa ne ta hanyar ƙara cokali 2-3 na garin dolomite ko gilashin ash a guga na peat.
Zai dace don sanya gadaje tare da strawberries a cikin greenhouse tare da m 1 m fadi da rufe su da geotextiles da ciyawa
A tsaye namo
Ana iya aiwatar da shi duka a cikin akwati da a cikin kwantena ko ma jaka.
Wannan hanyar tana da fa'idarsa:
- Ajiye sararin samaniya, wutar lantarki domin sanyaya abinci da hasken wuta. Yaya yake aiki? A kan ɗaya daga cikin yanki na greenhouse, zaku iya sanya matakan dasa shuki da yawa. A lokaci guda, farashin dumama da hasken wutar lantarki ya kasance koyaushe ga yawan da aka bayar na greenhouse;
- dacewa - berries suna cikin limbo, wanda hakan yasa yafi sauki a kula dasu. Ba sa buƙatar yin hobbasa, suna da sauƙin yin iska.
Amma da dama rashin kyau ya kamata a la'akari da:
- inasa a cikin kwalaye ko kwantena dole ne a canza sau ɗaya a shekara;
- ya kamata a biya hankali ga danshi - kwalaye na katako sun bushe da sauri, kuma danshi a cikin kwantena na filastik na iya tsayawa;
- katako crates daga m lamba tare da rigar ƙasa da sauri kasa.
Lokacin shirya ƙasa don kwantena waɗanda aka yi da kayan daban-daban (itace, filastik), ikon su wuce da riƙe danshi ya kamata a la'akari da su. Ka tuna, ƙasa a cikin kwantena ta bushe da sauri fiye da gonar.
Karanta ƙari game da hanyar a cikin labarinmu: gadaje na tsaye: yadda ake samun amfanin gona mai yawa a cikin ƙananan yankuna.
Hoton Hoto: Tsararren Strawberry Girma a Hanyoyi daban-daban
- Jaka da aka shirya wa jakuna na girma ana sayar da su a cikin shagunan lambun
- Filastik kwantena na kwastom ɗin riƙe da ruwa mafi kyau
- Rayuwa na kwalaye na katako don yin girma strawberries yana da iyaka
Bishiyar Hydroponic Strawberry
Hanyar hydroponic shine abincin tsirrai mai amfani mai amfani. A wannan yanayin, Tushen ba su cikin ƙasa, amma kai tsaye a cikin maganin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin dakatarwa a matakai da yawa. Wannan yana ba ku damar rage adadin sararin samaniya ta hanyar shuka da haɓaka amfani da kayan aikin gandun daji. Kuma tabbataccen ƙari shine rashin sadar da ƙasa. An sani cewa ƙasa ce wacce take haifar da cututtuka ga tsirrai.
Hanyar hydroponic zai hana lalacewar yanayin ciyawar da ake amfani da ita
Don girma strawberries ta amfani da hanyar hydroponic, ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena ko tukwane, wanda aka sanya shi cikin maganin abinci mai gina jiki. Don tsara abinci mai gina jiki tare da abubuwa masu amfani, yi amfani da mai-ruwa, iska mai-m, daskararre ko wani matsakaici. Muhimmiyar buƙata don waɗannan mahalli shine tabbatar da yanayin dawo da yanayin al'ada.
Akwai hanyoyi guda 2 don yin girma strawberries hydroponically:
- Kowane daji an sanya shi a cikin tukunya daban tare da substrate. Abinci mai gina jiki - mutum da kuma wadatattun tukunya. Za'a iya amfani da wannan hanyar lokacin da ake buƙatar abinci mai zaman kanta don tsire-tsire daban-daban.
Lokacin amfani da hanyar 1 na girma strawberries a cikin hydroponics, an sanya kowane daji a cikin tukunya daban tare da maɓallin girki
- Ana shuka tsire-tsire a cikin tukwane tare da keɓaɓɓiyar substrate, wanda, bi da bi, an sanya shi a cikin manyan kwantena na kowa tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Tushen itacen Strawberry ya ratsa cikin substrate da ramuka a cikin tukwane kuma ya isa ga mafita.
Tare da hanyar 2nd na girma strawberries ta hanyar hydroponics, ana sanya tukwane ɗaya a cikin akwati na kowa
Ana amfani da strawberries na Hydroponic a mafi yawan lokuta a cikin gidajen katako na masana'antu.
Bidiyo: strawberries strawberries
Nasiha
Idan kuna shirin shuka berries don siyarwa - kuna buƙatar iri tare da berries mai ɗorewa mai yawa. Wani muhimmin sigogi na "kasuwanci" iri-iri ne da yamma na berries a size. Abu ne mai sauki mu sayar da 'ya'yan itace-matsakaitan guda ɗaya fiye da manyan berries da rabin.
Viktorio//farmerforum.ru/viewtopic.php?t=792
Zai fi kyau dasa shuki a cikin bazara da bazara, amma a wani lokaci na shekara kuma hakan yana yiwuwa, har yanzu kuna ƙirƙirar yanayin wucin gadi. Kuma daga barin - wannan juyawa ne daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, weeding, watering, a little taki kuma a kowace shekara ana sabunta matasa seedlings. Tunanina shine cewa mafi kyawun girma a cikin kwalaye, tukwane ba su da karamin gida don dasawa da saka filayen.
Semenjpl//forum.derev-grad.ru/domashnie-rasteniya-f97/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-v-kvartire-t9005.html#p126841
Wasu lokuta a cikin hunturu na sayo shigo, amma farashin saboda shi, ba shakka, kuma mafi yawan lokuta yana sha'awar dandano da ƙanshi, don haka da gaske na shiga cikin ra'ayi!
Dolgopolova Alena//forum.derev-grad.ru/domashnie-rasteniya-f97/kak-vyrastit-klubniku-v-kvartire-t9005.html#p126841
Girma strawberries ta jawo hankalin mutane tun zamanin da. A halin yanzu, fasahar noma tana ba ku damar yin wannan shekara. Kuma duka lambu mai son da ƙwararrun aikin gona na iya yin nasara a wannan batun.
