Kusan dukkanin lambu suna girma radishes a cikin gidajen gidaje. Ya kasance ne ga albarkatun gona masu tsinkaye, saboda haka ba wuya yake fama da cututtuka da kwari, musamman tare da kulawa da ta dace. Amma har yanzu bashi da cikakken kariya. Idan lambu ba ya ba plantings akalla kadan da hankali, da alama cutar fungal ko kwari za su ci gaba. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar sanin alamun halayyar, ku iya gano matsalar kuma ku san yadda za'a shawo kan shi. A farkon matakin, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai isasshen magungunan jama'a, a wasu halaye zai zama wajibi a yi amfani da "manyan bindigogi" a cikin nau'ikan sunadarai.
Janar matakai don hana ci gaban cututtuka da harin da radish karin kwari
Shortan gajeren lokaci na ɗaba'a yana ɗaya daga cikin amfanin radish. Yawancin kwayoyin fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, qwai da tsutsa tsintsaye ba su da lokaci don wuce lokacin shiryawa don haifar da babbar illa ga shuka. Amma wannan baya nufin cewa, bisa manufa, al'ada ba zata iya fama da cututtuka da kwari ba.
Don kauce wa mummunan sakamako a cikin hanyar asarar amfanin gona, yana da kyau a mai da hankali sosai akan matakan rigakafin. Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin su, zasu dauki lokaci kadan. Amma irin waɗannan al'amuran, haɗe tare da fasaha mai aikin gona, sun kusan tabbatar da kariya daga saukowa daga "baƙi" da ba a so.
Babu wani abu mai rikitarwa a cikin radishes girma, amma wannan amfanin gona ba shi da rigakafi ga lalacewar cuta da hare-hare kwaro.
Binciken da aka yi a kan gadaje aƙalla sau ɗaya a cikin kowane kwanaki 4-5 na taimaka wajan gano matsalar akan lokaci. A farkon matakan kamuwa da cuta, a matsayin mai mulkin, don magance shi, isassun magungunan jama'a waɗanda ba su da lahani ga lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. Chemicals, musamman wadanda basa cikin shirye-shiryen asalin halitta, ba a son su don magance radishes. Al'adar da wuri tana haɓakawa, abubuwa masu lahani suna tara albarkatun ƙasa.
Shuke-shuke da kyawawan rigakafi suna yin rashin lafiya sau da yawa ba sau da yawa fiye da waɗanda ke raunana shi. Seedsauki tsaba kafin dasa shuki a cikin maganin kowane biostimulant yana tasiri sosai. Ana samun sakamako iri daya daga duka magungunan da aka siya a cikin shagon (Epin, potassium humate, Emistim-M), da magungunan jama'a (ruwan 'ya'yan aloe, zuma, succinic acid). Amma wuce haddi na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa na samar da akasin haka, yana raunana tsire-tsire. Wannan macroelement a cikin manyan allurai yana da ƙarin sakamako mara kyau - radish ya fara saurin barin ganye zuwa lalata amfanin gona. Immarfafa ƙwayoyin potassium da phosphorus. Asalinsu asalinsu itace ash.
Don rigakafin cututtukan fungal, ana shuka tsaba na mintina 15-20 kafin dasa shuki a cikin mafita na kowane ƙwayar ƙwayar asalin halitta. Magungunan da suka fi yawa sune Strobi, Tiovit-Jet, Alirin-B, Bayleton.
Soaking tsaba a cikin maganin kashe kwari - m rigakafin cututtuka na fungal
Yanayin da ake buƙata don samun amfanin gona mai yawa a cikin maɓallin sirri shine juyawa amfanin gona. Radishes na tsawon shekaru 3-4 bai kamata a dasa shi ba inda sauran albarkatu daga dangin Cruciferous suka girma kafin (duk nau'in kabeji, turnip, radish, rutabaga, turnip, daikon). Gabaɗaya, duk lokacin da zai yiwu, an sanya su nesa da juna. Suna zana abinci iri ɗaya daga ƙasa, fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya. Yawancin ciyayi da 'yan kwayayen ke amfani da su azaman "tushe mai warwarewa" suma suna cikin wannan iyali. Sabili da haka, kar a manta game da weeding na yau da kullun.
Kabeji, kamar sauran Crucifers, ƙarancin magabata ne da maƙwabta don ɗaukar ruwa
Ana shuka tsaba na radish kamar yadda zai yiwu. Tare da tsire-tsire masu kauri, cututtuka suna yada sauri. Tsirrai basu da iska, wanda kuma hakan yana cutarwa. Ingantaccen shara shima muhimmi ne. Saukad da kan ganye da mai tushe ya kamata a guji shi.
A cikin kaka, suna haƙa gado ko aƙalla suke kwance shi. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen lalata spores fungal na wintering a cikin ƙasa, ƙwai da tsutsa kwaro. Dukkan tarkace tsire ake tarawa ana ƙone su. An hana shi sosai don amfani da danshi a matsayin babban miya. An asa ce mai kyau a gare su, kuma yana taimakawa wajen kula da zafin da ya wajaba don sanyi.
Digging gadaje a faɗo na taimaka wajan lalata ƙwai da larvae na yawancin kwari da ke zuwa hunturu a cikin ƙasa
Cutar da takamaiman-al'ada
Radish ba shi da takamaiman cututtuka. Mafi sau da yawa, ana cutar da shi ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta yau da kullun, ƙwayoyin cuta ko cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo wanda ba su ƙetare amfanin gona ba gaba ɗaya ko tsire-tsire daga dangin Cruciferous.
Belle na kabeji amfanin gona (farin tsatsa)
Dukkanin tsire-tsire na Cruciferous suna wahala zuwa digiri ɗaya ko wata daga cutar, amma radishes, horseradish da turnips suna shafar sau da yawa fiye da kabeji. Yana da haɗari ga tsire-tsire matasa. Matsakaicin zafin jiki don haɓaka naman naman shine kusan 15 ° C. Wata hanyar haɗari ita ce yanayin ruwan sama mai sanyi ko canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zazzabi, haifar da toka da / ko raɓa mai nauyi.
Radish yana fama da farin tsatsa sau da yawa fiye da sauran cruciferous
Haske kore mai haske yana bayyana a gaban takardar. A kyallen da ke cikin wadannan wurare ya yi kauri, sannu a hankali ya zama launin ruwan kasa ya mutu. Pustules mai kama da ƙurji yakan haifar da ciki. Ganyen dake gefensu ya kumbura. Lokacin da suka “gushewa”, farin ciki mai laushi mai laushi mai haske zai zama bayyane, kamar dai fenti na zane-zanen peeling. A kan tushen albarkatun gona, idan suna da lokaci don yin 'yan itace, akwai abubuwan haɓaka waɗanda suke kama da waɗanda ke da halayyar keel. Radish na iya shiga launi, tushe yana fara zuwa reshe mai zurfi, yana juyawa cikin wani abu mai kama da kahoyin deer. Idan ba a yi komai ba, sai ya bushe ya mutu.
Tare da lalacewa mai tsanani, ana amfani da fungicides na asalin halitta - Ridomil-Gold, Ditan-M, Folicur. Magungunan ƙwayar cuta suna da tasiri a farkon matakan haɓaka cutar da rigakafin cuta. Wannan, alal misali, ingantaccen bayani mai ruwan hoda na potassium permanganate, ash ash ko yin burodi, sulfloidal sulfur (10-15 g a 10 l). Don yin maganin “itace” ga tsire-tsire da aka kula da kyau, ƙara ɗan ruwa sabulu ko sabulu mai shaƙa (3-5 ml ko 10-15 g) a ciki. Ana yin jiyya ta rigakafi kowane kwana 7-10 (ko kuma sau da yawa idan ruwan sama yake yi kullum). Don magance cutar, ana yayyafa radishes sau 3-4 tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 4-5.
Potassium permanganate - daya daga cikin abubuwan gama-gari
Kila
Wani takamaiman cuta da ke da haɗari sosai ga Dukkan Yarnda. Mai lambun na iya rasa akalla rabin amfanin gonar. Sau da yawa, gabaɗaya ya ɓace gaba ɗaya. A causative wakili daga cikin naman gwari ne musamman rare. A waɗancan gadajen da keel ɗin ya tabbatar da kansa, ba a shuka amfanin gona masu lalacewa ba har tsawon shekaru 8-10. Kuna iya rage wannan lokacin zuwa shekaru 4-5 ta ajiye tumatir, dankali, beets ko kowane Legumes a ciki.
Kila - cuta ce da ke shafar keɓantaccen tsire-tsire daga dangin Cruciferous
A saman ɓangaren tsire-tsire, keel bai bayyana ta kowace hanya. A lokacin shiryawa (kwanaki 20-30), tsararraki daban-daban masu girma a siffar ball ko fasali mai kwalliya ana kafa su a kan tushen da kuma tushen amfanin gona. Sannu a hankali suna juya launin ruwan kasa kuma suna juyawa. Naman ya zama mai launin rawaya, ganye ya bushe ya kwanta, kamar yadda shuka baya samun isasshen ruwa da abubuwan gina jiki.
Abubuwan da suka dace da ci gaban keels sun yi yawa kuma / ko yawaitar ruwa, ƙasa mai nauyi wanda ba ta dace da shi ba, wanda danshi ke tsayawa na dogon lokaci, acidity na substrate, zazzabi mai zafi (daga 25 ° C). Amma ba za ku iya mantawa da komai game da shayarwa ba - keel yana haifar da mafi girman lalacewa yayin fari. Cutar ta bazu ta hanyar tsaba, ƙasa, taki, ana ɗauke da tsutsotsi waɗanda suke rayuwa cikin ƙasa. Ya shafi ba kawai "mai ladabi" Cruciferous ba, har ma waɗanda ke da girma (jakar makiyayi, colza).
Dace yadda ake radishes da yakamata yana taimaka wajan rage lalacewar amfanin gona.
Aiki ya nuna cewa radish ba shi da wata illa da keel a lokacin dasa shuki. Etching a cikin maganin Cumulus shima yana taimakawa wajen magance kamuwa da cuta.
Yana nufin don maganin keel ba a haɓaka shi ba. Ya kamata a sanya fifiko a matakan kariya. Kwanaki 2-3 kafin dasa shuki, an yankantar da kasar, an rufe ta da ash itace, ko kuma a shayar da abin da ake kira madara na lemun tsami (gilashin giram biyu na lemun tsami ta 10 l na ruwa). Hakanan zaka iya aiwatar da gado tare da maganin Carbation (40 g a 10 l) ko Fundazole (10 g 10 a kowace l).
Radish Musa
Cutar kwayar cuta mai matukar hatsari wacce zata iya shafar yawancin amfanin gona. Samfuran kwayar cutar da ta kamu da baya a cikin girma da ci gaba, ganyayyaki sun lalace kuma sunada kanana. Gefen gaban farantin ganye an rufe shi da letas ko shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi-haske wanda ke tsakanin jijiyoyin. Ya danganta da abin da takamaiman kwayar cutar ta kamu da shuka, za su iya ɗaukar kamannin da'irori, shanyewar jiki, aibobi na fili. A hankali, waɗannan kyallen takan yi baƙi kuma suka mutu. Har ila yau, jijiyoyin sun yi duhu.
Mosaic na radish cuta ne mai hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, a yanzu babu wasu hanyoyin da za a bi domin magani
Tare da taimakon hanyoyin zamani, ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da ƙwayar mosaic. Hanya daya tilo da za a dakatar da yaduwa ita ce cire duk tsire-tsire da abin ya shafa daga gado kuma a ƙone su da sauri.
Mafi kyawun rigakafin shine kula da amfanin gona da tsabtace gadaje. Yana da mahimmanci musamman ƙarfafa ƙwayar shuka ta hanyar lokaci da kuma ta hanyar allurai da suka dace, yin takin da ya dace. Kafin dasa shuki, ana bada shawarar tsaba don amfani dasu cikin mafita na Rovral, Horus, Topaz. Masu ɗaukar kwayar cutar ƙwayoyi ne da yawa, alal misali, weevils, aphids, ticks. Dole ne mu manta game da yaƙar su.
Etching a cikin maganin Rovral shine kyakkyawan rigakafi, amma ba cikakken tabbacin kariya daga ƙwayar mosaic ba
Powdery mildew
Cutar sananniyar cuta ce, ba al'adar lambu guda ɗaya ba ce amintacce daga gare ta. Bar da petioles an rufe shi da wani yanki na farin yadudduba ko kodadde launin plaque, kama warwatsa gari. Idan ba a yi komai ba, sai ya zama denser kuma ya canza launi, ya juye zuwa manyan wuraren launin ruwan kasa tare da aibobi baki a farfajiya. A kyallen takarda shafi naman gwari mutu a kashe, ramuka siffan. Takaddun faranti suna lalata. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ganyayyaki mafi kusa ga ƙasa sun zama farkon waɗanda suka kamu da cutar.
Powdery mildew a cikin ganyayyaki alama ce mai lahani mara illa wacce ke da sauƙin sharewa, amma a zahiri cuta ce mai haɗari
Mafi sau da yawa, radishes yana shafar mildew na gari a cikin yanayin zafi, gumi. Wata hanyar haɗari shine canje-canje kwatsam a cikin zafin jiki. Kwayar ta watsa daga iska, tare da saukad da ruwa, a cikin hulɗa kai tsaye na kamuwa da tsire-tsire masu lafiya. Yawan aiki ya faɗi da kashi 50% ko fiye, kuma ingancin amfanin gona ya ragu.
Don rigakafin mil powderw, a matsayin mai mulkin, isasshen magunguna na jama'a. Radish an fesa a kalla sau ɗaya a mako tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur, jiko na itace ash, madara mai tsami ko yogurt, diluted da ruwa, kayan ado na horsetail rhizomes. Idan lokaci ya ɓace kuma naman gwari ya bazu cikin masse, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen tagulla, fungicides. Kwarewar 'yan lambu ya nuna cewa mafi kyawun tasiri a cikin yaƙar mildew powder an ba shi ta hanyar Skor, Quadris, Rayek, Fundazim. Daga cikin magungunan asalin halitta - Alirin-B, Gamair, Planriz. Amma wasu suna dogara da tsoffin magunguna da aka gwada - maganin tagulla, ƙwayar Bordeaux.
Wood ash ba kawai tushen potassium da phosphorus ba, yana taimakawa wajen lalata spores na fungi pathogenic
Bidiyo: yadda ake kare tsirrai daga mildew powdery
Peronosporosis (milyw fari)
Ana nuna alamun halayyar halayyar musamman ne a cikin ganyayyaki. Suna zama an rufe su da kananan kusurwa maras ma'ana tare da mai mai laushi. A hankali, launin su ya canza daga salatin zuwa bambaro mai rawaya da duhu. Idan yanayin ya yi sanyi, toshe hanyar da aka zana ta hanyar ɓoyewar ɓarnar da ke kama da ji. Dukkanin aikin yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10-13.
Peronosporosis yana haɓaka da sauri, saboda haka kada ku yi shakka a ɗauki matakan
Don hana haɓakar cutar, ana yayyafa radishes sau biyu a cikin lokacin girma tare da boric acid da aka narke cikin ruwa (10-15 g a 10 l) ko Pseudobacterin, Rizoplan. Daga magunguna na gargajiya, jiko na albasa ko kiban tafarnuwa, ana amfani da maganin tsutsa. Tsaba suna cikin soyayyen Bud, Energen, potassium humate, Fitosporin-M. Don magance cutar, suna amfani da magunguna iri ɗaya waɗanda aka ba da shawarar don lalata naman gwari wanda ke haifar da mildew powdery.
Tafarnuwa - wata shuka da ke samar da canji, tana kashe cututtukan fungi
Grey rot
Abubuwan launin launin shuɗi suna cikin haske a kan Tushen, da sauri suna jan kan shimfidar “Fluffy” mai launin toka-toka da ƙananan baƙaƙe “baƙar fata”. Kodan da ke ƙasa su yi laushi su daddare, tushe da petioles sun zama ruwa, ganyayyaki sun rasa sautinsa. Taimakawa ga ci gaban cutar babban zafi a hade tare da ƙarancin iska.
Akwai wasu 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da shafi launin toka rot, ba za ku iya ba
Don hana haɓakar launin toka, ana shigar da ash itace lokaci-lokaci a cikin ƙasa, ana tsire tsire-tsire tare da ƙwayoyin sulflo ko ƙwayoyin carbon da aka kunna. Hakanan za'a iya fesa su da mustard foda ko aidin wanda aka narke da ruwa (50 g ko 10 saukad da 10 na l, bi da bi). Ana ƙara lu'ulu'u da yawa na daskararren potassium a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa sau ɗaya a kowace kwanaki 7-10. Yana da amfani don kewaye da lambun tare da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke haifar da phytoncides na halitta - marigolds, marigold, nasturtiums.
Marigolds - ba wai kyakkyawan kyau ba ne, har ma da shuka mai amfani
Idan an lura da lalaci launin toka a kan lokaci, ana kula da tsirrai da ƙasa tare da bayani mai zuwa - na lita 10 na ruwa aauki gilashin katako mai itace da ƙyallen alkama, ƙara 10-12 ml na jan karfe na tagulla. Game da kamuwa da cuta, ana amfani da Teldor, Horus, Switch, magunguna Gamair. Amma wannan baya bada garantin nasara.
Vascular bacteriosis
Mafi sau da yawa, cutar tana shafar tsire-tsire, balagaggu ba su shafa. Ganjiyoyin jikin ganye sun zama baƙi, to, launuka iri ɗaya ne suka yaɗu. Farantin ganye yana juye da launin shuɗi, kamar "murƙushewa." Haskakawar radish na rage gudu, petioles sun lalace.
Tsohuwar radish ta sha wahala daga ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin bugun gini a matakin tushen amfanin gona
Abubuwan haɗari - babban zafi, zafi, kasancewar lalacewar injiniyan. Kwayar cutar za a ɗauka ta hanyar kwari, raindrops. Kwayar cuta ta lalata tarkacen tsire, ciyawar da ba a sarrafa ta ba, an adana ta a cikin tsaba daga tsire-tsire masu kamuwa, tana iya kiyaye yiwuwar yanayi na 2-3. Don lalata, abu mai dasa nan da nan kafin a dasa shuki cikin ruwa mai zafi (45-50 ° C) na tsawon mintuna 15-20.
Don hana kamuwa da cuta, kwanaki 10-12 bayan fitowar shuka, ana yayyafa ƙananan bishiyoyi tare da Planriz ko Trichodermin. A farkon matakan kamuwa da cuta, za a iya adana radish ta hanyar magance shi tare da Binoram ko Fitolavin. Idan cutar ta yi nisa a cikin ci gabanta, ba za a iya taimaka wa tsire-tsire ba.
Phytolavin sanannen magani ne wanda ke inganta garkuwar garkuwar jiki.
"Kafa ta baƙi"
Cutar fungal da ke damun matasa harbe ne. Manya, tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi suna da juriya. Tushen tushe mai duhu da kwari, insa seedlingsan seedlings suna kwance a ƙasa ƙarƙashin nauyin kansa.Bar juya launin rawaya, da shuka ta bushe. Haka kuma cutar tasowa da sauri, a matsayin mai mulkin, shuke-shuke da abin zai faru ba zai iya taimakawa. Amma yana da matukar yuwu a hana bayyanar “baƙar fata”.
"Blackaƙwalwar baƙar fata" na iya hana mai kula da amfanin gona mai rassa riga a farkon fitowar su
Mafi mahimmancin matakan rigakafin shine dace ruwa. A naman gwari kuma Yana son sabo ne iska (a lokacin da girma radishes a cikin wani greenhouse, yana bukatar a kai a kai ventilated), zafi da acidified substrate. Ana shuka tsaba a kan lokaci, ba a da. Temperaturearancin zafin jiki da rashi mara kyau suna cutar da tsirrai.
Tsaba dole ne a shuka shuki preplant. Suna soyayye a cikin jiko na tafarnuwa mai gruel, mai duhu rasberi potassium permanganate bayani. Soilasa a kan gado kwanaki 3-4 kafin a zubar da radish tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur ko ruwan zafi, kuma nan da nan bayan aikin, yayyafa tare da bakin ciki na yashin mai kyau. An ninka gawayi ko alli ana zuba ga mai tushe daga seedlingsan itacen da ya bayyana, tsirrai kansu da keɓaɓɓe tare da katako na ash. Ana maye gurbin ruwa don ban ruwa lokaci-lokaci tare da mafita na Fitosporin-M ko Bactofit, yana rage maida hankali da rabi idan aka kwatanta da wanda aka ƙaddara. Folk magunguna - jiko na albasa husks ko kore marigolds.
Jiko na albasa husks - ingantacciyar hanyar rigakafin "black kafa"
Gano cewa tsire-tsire da yawa sun kamu da cutar, suna rage yawan shayarwa zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata, suna ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe sosai. Isasa ta kwance, tana gabatar da tsari a cikin manya-manyan ayyukan Trichodermin, Gliocladin, Barrier.
Bidiyo: hanyoyin mu'amala da "baƙar fata"
Karin Kwarewar Radish
Akwai kwari da yawa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da lahani ga radish. Waɗannan kwari ne da ke cutar da Cruciferous, da "omnivores" waɗanda ke kai hari ga yawancin albarkatun gonar.
Kishi mai gurnani
Smallananan (har zuwa 0.3 cm a diamita) kwari, baƙar fata, jefa a rana mai zinari, juya ganye na radish a cikin sieve a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Suna da kyakkyawan tsalle mai kyau, saboda abin da suke yin tafiya mai nisa kusan da sauri. A cikin hunturu, kwaro yana jira a cikin manyan yadudduka na ƙasa, a ƙarƙashin ganye. Mace na ƙafar Cruiferous ƙafar ƙwai a kan ganyayyaki, larvae ƙyanƙyashe daga gare su suna ci tushen tsirrai. Kwari ba sa son zafi da zafi sosai, a irin wannan yanayin aikinsu yana raguwa sosai.
A cikin zafi, musamman idan ana ruwa akai-akai, ayyukan gicciyen ƙwarya yana raguwa sosai
Don tsoratar da gishirin gishiya daga gadaje, kasar da ta fito da tsiron radish ya bayyana tare da cakuda ash da aka bushe da ganyen wiwi, barkono a asa, mustard foda. Zaku iya hana kwaro daga shiga cikin lambun idan kun kulle ta da kowane farin kayan rufe iska. A lokacin girma, ana kula da radishes kowace rana ta 5-7 tare da jiko na ganye na Dandelion, fi tumatir ko dankali, ruwan tsami a cikin ruwa (25-30 ml na jigon kwayar 10 l). Tare da kewaye da gadaje suna kewaye da shingen naphthalene.
Cruciferous ƙafar fata ba ta yarda da ƙanshin ruwan vinegar ba
Idan aka sami mamaye taro, ana amfani da magunguna. Decis, Sherpa, Aktara, Walƙiya suna nuna kansu a hanya mafi kyau. Wani zaɓi shine shamfu mai shayarwa don dabbobi (40-50 ml a kowace l 10). Hakanan zaka iya kama kwari da hannu ta hanyar yin wani abu kamar tutar. Wani sutura yana a haɗe a sanda, an shafa masa wani abu mai laushi sannan ya wuce saman dutsen.
Maƙasai Maƙasai
Mace sa ƙwai a kan ganye, ƙarni na farko na larvae ƙyanƙyashe a ƙarshen Yuni, na biyu a watan Satumba. Taguwar greenish-rawaya caterpillars sami damar ci a kusa da shuka a cikin 'yan kwanaki, barin kawai petioles daga ganyen radish.
Babu makawa cewa za a sami wani mai lambu wanda bai taɓa ganin malam buɗe ido ba, farin duck, wanda kuma aka sani da kabeji
Lokacin da malam buɗe ido na farko suka bayyana a gonar, don hana su daga kwanciya qwai, ƙasa da tsire-tsire da kansu suna fesawa tare da infusions na kowane ganye tare da ƙanshin halayyar haushi (tsutsa, tumatir tumatir, fure, fure, sage). Daga cikin sinadarai don manufa guda, ana amfani da Entobacterin, Bitoxibacillin, Lepidocide. Har yanzu zaku iya ɗaure gado tare da raga mai kyau, ƙara dropsan saukad da na lavender man mai mahimmanci ko wani lemo a cikin ruwa don ban ruwa. An rataye tarkuna kusa da shi - a yanka kwalabe na filastik cike da sukari mai sukari, zuma ko matsawa mai narkewa da ruwa. Ana ba da irin wannan sakamako ta kaset mai ɗorawa don kamuwa da kwari.
Yawancin caterpillars suna iya cin tsire a cikin al'amuran kwanaki
Ana shawartar lambu da ke da gogaggen shawara don "yaudara" malam buɗe ido ta hanyar watsar da ƙoshin ƙwai a cikin lambu. Insectswarin su sunyi kuskure don "dangi" kuma sun tashi a kan jirgin, suna tabbata cewa "an riga an kama wurin."
An lalatar da mahaukaci tare da taimakon Kinmix, Sumi Alpha, Actellik. Kuna iya sa su bar gonar ta hanyar ƙura ƙasa da itacen ash na cakuda da kowane kayan yaji ko mustard - mustard, kirfa, saffron, ginger.
Spring kabeji tashi
Zai iya haifar da tsire-tsire na radish mummunan rauni. Babban kololuwar ayyukansa yana faruwa ne a rabin rabin Mayu da farkon Yuni (zaku iya mai da hankali kan farkon fure na Lilac da ceri tsuntsu). Kawai a wancan lokacin, lambu suna rayayye dasa al'adu. Mace sa qwai a cikin babba yadudduka na kasar, larvae shiga cikin tushen da kuma ci su daga ciki, da damata da tushen sa amfanin gona, to, ku shiga cikin petioles. A shuka fades, ganye saya m halittar bluish tint.
Faruruwan kabeji na ɗan adam ba sa cutar da tsirrai, amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa ba sa buƙatar yaƙi
Don tsoratar da tashi da kabeji tashi, ana yayyafa gado bayan kwanaki 3 bayan fitowar tsiro tare da cakuda ƙurar taba tare da cakuda ciyawar ganye da bushewar ganye da ke ƙasa zuwa ƙasa mai ƙarfi. Tare da kewaye kuma a cikin hanyoyin, ana bada shawara don dasa marigolds, faski, seleri, coriander. Kamar yadda ciyawa, ana amfani da kayan da keɓaɓɓen maƙarƙashiya - ƙirar itace, sawdust. Hakanan ana iya aiwatar da dukkan matakan don tsoratar da kudan zuma na Whale.
Kabeji tashi larvae mamaye ta hanyar tushen sa
Idan aka sami gagarumar mamayar caterpillars, ana amfani da magunguna. Karate, Antakiya, Iskra-Bio, Rovikurt sun tabbatar da kansu a hanya mafi kyau. Hakanan basu yarda da ammoniya da vinegar ba. Don lita 10 na ruwa, 5 ml ya isa.
Kisan tsintsiya
Yana da matukar wahala a lura da kwaro a kan radish. -Aƙƙarfan launin ja-baƙar fata mai launin shuɗi da launi mai ban sha'awa ya bambanta sosai tare da ganye mai haske. Mace na sanya ƙwai akan ganyayyaki, ƙyanƙyallen takan saka mutane cikin ganyayen ganye da sauran tarkace na shuka. Sun fito ne daga ɓarkewar rana a farkon rabin Afrilu ko kuma a farkon Mayu, tsawon lokacin da suke gudanar da ayyukansu ya ci gaba har zuwa watan Agusta. Radish yana karɓar iyakar lalacewa a cikin yanayin zafi, bushe. Kwaroron kwari suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace a kan shuka. Inda suka lalata lalacewar injiniyan, “raunin” ya kasance, wanda sannu a hankali ya juya zuwa wuraren matattun nama tare da iyakokin launin shuɗi.
Yana da matukar wahala a lura da kwaro ɗan giciye a kan shuka
Kwarewar 'yan lambu ya tabbatar da cewa kwaro bai yarda da ƙanshi na tansy ba. Yana da amfani shuka wannan tsiron kusa da kewaye na gonar tare da radishes ko kuma lokaci-lokaci feshi da wani jiko na greenery. Kyakkyawan sakamako na kwanakin ana tampons tare da kerosene ko turpentine kuma an shimfiɗa su tsakanin layuka.
Tansy da aka dasa a nan kusa zai iya tsare gonar da ingantaccen abinci daga filayen giciye
Bayan gano kwari na farko akan shuka, zaka iya tara su da hannu. Don sa su bar, radishes da ƙasa a cikin lambu suna fesa tare da infusions na chamomile, albasa husks. Mafi ingancin sunadarai sune Fosbetsid, Belofos, Aktara.
Kabeji asu
Ingancin launin toka-mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ba ya cutar da tsire-tsire. Abin da ba za a iya fada ba game da tsutsotsinta. Kwakwalwar rawaya, sannu a hankali canza launi zuwa salatin kore, cin abinci tunnels a cikin kyallen ganye. Daga nan suka iso saman darduma suna ci gaba da ciyar da su. Kwalayen ganye da aka shafa suna bushe da bushewa. Daga ɓarkewa, kwari suna farkawa, da zaran iska ta hura har zuwa 10 ° C, ayyukansu basu daina zuwa Oktoba-Nuwamba. Matsakaicin lalacewar radishes ana lalacewa a cikin zafi tare da tsawan rashi rashin ruwan sama.
Kabeji asu - wata nondescript malam buɗe ido
Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na mutane a cikin yaƙi da kwaro ba su bayar da sakamako na musamman. Iyakar abin da za su iya - a ɗan ɗan dakata ayyukan waƙoƙin. Nagari, alal misali, jiko na busasshiyar lavender ko bawo na kowane citrus. Don haka, don lalata su, dole ne ku nemi magunguna - Ambush, Nurell-D, Talkord. Manya-manya na tsoratar da su ta amfani da hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar sarrafa whitewash.
Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na yaƙi da ƙwayar ƙwayar asu na kabeji ba su da tasiri
Don wasu dalilai, su ma suna da ƙauna ta musamman ga rawaya. Ana iya amfani da wannan ta hanyar yin tarkuna daga yanki na kwali ko hoton finafinai na inuwa mai dacewa, an shafe shi da wani abu mai laushi da bushe na dogon lokaci.
Wutar Kabeji
Rtyazantawa mai launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi tare da daskararren launin ruwan kasa mai haske da raunin jiki a fuka-fukan. Yana haifar da rayuwar rayuwa mara kyau, saboda haka yana da matukar wahala a lura da bayyanarsa akan lokaci. Kwakwalwarsa, kamar, kange saman nama na ganyayyaki daga ganyen, ya bar “notches” - ƙofofin ga dukkan nau'ikan kamuwa da cuta da sauran kwari. Musamman ma lalacewar halayyar ana iya ganin ta a cikin takardar.
Yana da matsala a lura da bayyanar wutar kabeji - yana bayyana ayyuka musamman da dare.
Tsofaffi sun lalata tarko. An sanya maɓallin haske a cikin kwalban filastik mai ruɓi, yana rufe bangonsa da wani abu mai ƙima. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da Bitoxibacillin, Dendrobacillin. A kan caterpillars, mafi kyawun sakamako ana ba shi ta hanyar shirye-shiryen Anometrin, Ripkord, Sumitsidin, Gomelin. Idan sun sami nasarar lura da bayyanarsu a kan lokaci, magungunan mutane suna taimakawa sosai, amma ba su da wani mummunan tasiri kan qwai na wuta. Ana ba da shawarar radish da ƙasa a cikin gonar tare da jiko na katako mai itace, tumatir firam.
Za'a iya fitar da caterpillars na kabeji wuta daga gadaje tare da taimakon magunguna, amma qwai ba zai sha wahala daga wannan
Rapeseed sawfly
Ana yin fenti mai ruwa mai rapeseed a cikin launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko launi mai zaitun tare da raɗaɗin launin ruwan kasa mai ciki kuma ciki yana da sauƙi. Yaro ƙarami ne sosai - tsawon jikin mutum ba ya wuce milimita shida mm, jiki da ƙafafunsu suna da hular saffron mai haske, shugaban yana da baki, kamar dai an rufe shi da varnish. Kwaro yana cin ganye gaba ɗaya, ya bar kawai petioles. A radish ta bushe kuma ta mutu, tushen amfanin gona ba ya samar. Ma'aikacin boro wanda ba ya yin komai zai iya rasa kashi 80 - 95% na yawan amfanin gona.
Rapeseed sawfly, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana da hali na musamman na fiddaed, amma baya raina radishes
Don rigakafin, ana soyayyen tsaba na radish na mintina 10-15 kafin dasa shuki a cikin maganin Karate ko Actellik. Manya suna tsoron nesa daga shuka ta amfani da Bitoxibacillin. Daga magunguna na jama'a don kula da tsirrai da ƙasa, zaka iya amfani da infusions na chamomile, allura, tansy, aconite (ƙarshen yana da guba). Caterpillars ta lalata Mospilan, Kinmiks, Arrivo, Fury. Idan akwai kaɗan daga gare su har yanzu, zaku iya fesa plantings da aka narke cikin ruwa tare da calcined ko yin burodi soda, mustard foda (40-50 g a 10 l).
Yawancin magungunan kwari, masu amfani da kullun ana amfani dasu don sarrafa lardin rapeseed sawfly.
Kyawon fure
Kwaro yana da kyau kyan gani - baƙar fata mai banƙyama, a cikin rana yana ɗaukar shuɗi da kore (saboda wannan yana da sunan lakcar "mai walƙiya" ko "kyalkyali"). Ya jira lokacin hunturu a cikin manya na ƙasa, da zaran iska ta tashi zuwa 10-12ºС, farkawa ya fita waje. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yana yin mafi yawan lalacewar fyade (saboda haka sunan), yana cin fure daga ciki, amma baya ƙin jin wani Cruciferous (har ma daji), musamman radish. Asarar amfanin gona ya kai kashi 20 zuwa 70%. Ya dogara da yadda ma'abacin lambu ke yakar kwaro. Babban kololuwar ayyukansa yana daga rabin na biyu na Mayu har zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuni.
Pesean itacen wake na filawa kamar ɗakuna a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon bazara
Magunguna na mutane a cikin wannan yanayin ba su bayar da wani sakamako kwata-kwata. Sabili da haka, tunda gano mutane na farko akan tsire-tsire, ana amfani da kowane kwari daga ƙungiyar Pyrethroid. Mafi mashahuri daga cikinsu sune Karate, Zeon, Kinmix, Fastak. Kuna iya ƙoƙarin "janye hankali" daga radish ta hanyar dasa wasu fyade ko colza kusa.
Kawai bushes 2-3 na rapeseed da aka dasa a gonar na iya janye hankali da irin ƙwaro canola daga amfanin gona mafi mahimmanci ga mai lambu
Matsawa
Shell-free grayish-m mollusks ciyar a kan tushen amfanin gona da radish ganye. Zasu iya lalata harbe harbe gaba daya. A cikin samfuran manya, manyan ramuka a kyallen ganye suna cinye su, ta hanyar “rafin” a cikin tushen amfanin gona ake yi. Wani mawuyacin alama ya kasance a farfaɗo, yana fitar da silvery a rana. Slugs ba sa son zafi da bushewar iska, saboda haka sun fi son ɓoyewa a lokacin rana (alal misali, a ƙarƙashin duwatsu, allon, ganye), wanda ke haifar da rayuwar yau da kullun.
Radish shafi slugs da yawa hasarar hasara a cikin viability da gabatarwar
Abu ne mai wahala sosai ka cire slugs. Yana da sauƙin hana su daga bayyana a gonar. Don yin wannan, gina tarkuna da yawa - tankuna masu zurfi da aka tono a cikin ƙasa, game da rabin cike da yankakken kabeji, kvass, giya, fermented compote ko jam. Tushen tushen amfanin gona suna kewaye da “shinge” na ash, katako mai ƙyashi, yashi, allura, gyada ko ƙyallen kwai. A kewayen gadaje da cikin hanyoyin, ana shuka kowane ganye mai ƙanshi da sauran tsire-tsire masu ƙamshi mai ƙamshi. Hakanan zaka iya sanya sabo ko ɗan ganye mai ganye a ciki.
Maƙasudan wuta ba su da kariyar da ba ta da ƙarfi, don haka needles ya zama shinge mai wahala a kansu.
Slugs suna da abokan gaba - tsuntsaye, kwaɗi, shinge. Nuna musu zuwa ga shafin yanar gizonku ba shi da wahala. Zaka iya, alal misali, gina gidan shimfidar tsuntsu ko karamin kandami, kullun bijirar faranti tare da madara da sauransu.
Samun samo mutane da yawa, radishes da ƙasa a cikin lambu ana yayyafa shi da jiko na barkono barkono da mustard foda an tsinke cikin ruwa. Akwai, ko da yake musamman rare, lokuta da m mamayewa na slugs. Sannan ba za ku iya yi ba tare da sunadarai ba. Daga mafi kyawun gefen, kwayoyi Meta, Girma, Sludge sun ba da shawarar kansu.
Bidiyo: hanyoyin magance slugs
Aphids
M kwaro "omnivorous" kwaro, ba raini ga cikakken yawan amfanin gona. Radish ba togiya. Aphid karamin kwari ne mai launin shuɗi, launin rawaya-maraƙi ko launin ruwan kasa-ƙasa. Ya ciyar a kan ruwan itace na ciyawar, yana kai hare hare tare da dauloli duka. Yawancin kwari suna manne da ganyen ganye, musamman yara. Yankunan da aka shafa a cikin fitsari sai su zama ƙasa; suna yi kamar ƙananan ɗigo-ɗigon ɗigo marasa ƙarfi akan lumen. Ganyayyaki sun lalace, sun zama rawaya sun bushe.
Aphids yana shafar yawancin amfanin gona
Aphids suna zaune cikin symbiosis a tsaye tare da tururuwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a fitar da shi daga cikin lambun, idan ba a lokaci guda halartar gwagwarmaya tare da waɗannan kwari ba.
Ba shi yiwuwa a cire aphids daga gonar ba tare da fara kawar da tururuwa ba
Aphids ba sa son ƙanshi mai ƙarfi. Sabili da haka, ganye mai yaji, albasa, tafarnuwa, Fennel, marigolds, calendula, lavender zasu kasance maƙwabta masu kyau don radishes. Da yawa daga cikinsu kyautuka ne masu kyau na zuma, suna jan hankalin maƙiyi na aphid - uwargidan. Daga kore, an shirya infusions wanda aka fesa tsire-tsire da ƙasa. Sauran kayan albarkatu masu dacewa sune peels na orange, allura, ganyen taba mai bushe, mustard foda.
Akwai tsire-tsire, akasin haka, waɗanda ke jawo hankalin aphids. Wannan, alal misali, nasturtium, petunia, viburnum, linden, ceri tsuntsu.
Bayan gano mutanen farko, an yayyafa radishes tare da kumfa na gida, tukunyar kore ko sabulu tar. Bayan kimanin rabin sa'a, ana buƙatar wanke shi da ruwa mai tsabta. Sannan amfani da infusions iri ɗaya waɗanda aka yi amfani dasu don rigakafi, rage takaddama tsakanin jiyya daga ranakun 8-10 zuwa awa 6 zuwa 8.
A yayin mamayar aphid mai girman gaske, ana amfani da duk wasu kwayoyi masu amfani da kwari. Magungunan da suka fi fice sune Mafi-Vir, Confidor-Maxi, Iskra-Bio, Admiral, Tanrek.
Bidiyo: yadda ake magance aphids a gonar
Babanuha
Irin ƙwaro yana shafar tsire-tsire na Cruciferous, gami da radish, a yawancin Russia, banda Far East da Gabas Siberiya. Ya launi mai ban sha'awa - jikin kwalba-mai launin shuɗi tare da paws mai launin shuɗi. Elytra kamar dai taimako ne, ɗakuna takwas a bayyane suke a kan kai, mai kama da ɗigon. Irin ƙwaro fara nuna aiki a farkon Yuni.
Babanuha kuma an san shi da sunan barkwanci "horseradish ganye irin ƙwaro"
Kwaro a hankali ya ci faralen ganye, “scraping” ƙasan nama. Ganyen sun zama bakin ciki, sa wata inuwa mai ban sha'awa, ta zama kamar "ta lalace". Ta hanyar ramuka a hankali suna bayyana tare da gefuna tsage. Mace sa layli a cikin fasa a cikin kyallen da abin ya shafa, hunturu na larva a cikin ƙasa.
Don rigakafin, an yayyafa ƙasa akan gado tare da cakuda ash tare da mustard foda da barkono mai zafi a ƙasa. Ana fesa radish da kanta tare da ruwan tsami tare da ruwa (15-20 ml na jigon kowane lita 10 na ruwa). Sauran sanannun magunguna na gargajiya - jiko na fi tumatir, chamomile, yarrow.
Yanke tumatir matakai ana iya amfani dasu don yin jiko wanda ke rikitar da kwari da yawa
A kan tsire-tsire, gwoza suna da ban sha'awa sosai, saboda haka zaka iya tattara su da hannu. Amma yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Yana da sauri sauri don girgiza su a kan mayafin mai ko wata jarida da aka shimfiɗa ta akan gado. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da hanya tun da sassafe lokacin da ba su nuna yawan aiki ba. Daga cikin kwari, Sherpa, Angio, Fury, Actara sun fi tasiri.
Radish shine ɗayan mafi sauƙi don amfanin gona. Kulawa da ita, a zahiri, an rage zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata. Kayan lambu yana fama da cututtuka da kwari maimakon haka, amma duk da haka ba shi da cikakkiyar rigakafi daga wannan. Don hana asarar muhimmin yanki ko kuma amfanin gona gaba ɗaya, ya kamata a bincika tsire-tsire akai-akai don alamun bayyanar cututtuka. Kuma idan an gano waɗannan, yi amfani da magunguna masu guba waɗanda aka ba da shawarar. Abinda yafi kyau shine kada a manta da matakan kariya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, sun isa sosai don guje wa kamuwa da cuta.
