Yawancin nau'in zucchini na iya gamsar da bukatun kowane ɗan lambu. Zucchini zucchini blackan baƙar fata mai daɗin fata ya haɗu da fa'idodi masu yawa: manyan albarkatu, kyawawan launuka na kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ɗorewa da daskararren daskararru mai yawa. Bushesananan furanni na fure, an rufe su da furanni masu kama da gramophone, za su yi azaman ado na lambun.
Tarihin girma zucchini Baki mai kyau
Bambancin kayan lambu Maximov da N.N. Klimenko. Tun daga 2006, bisa ga buƙatar mai samo asali - Agro-firm "SEARCH", handsaƙwalwar baƙar fata an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha kuma an ba da shawarar noman kore a cikin yankuna na Arewa maso Yamma da Volga-Vyatka da kuma noma ƙasa a cikin Yankuna Tsakiya da Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Yanki.
A cikin Rasha, Black Beauty ya yi girma kusan shekaru 15 kuma ya sami nasarar samun shahararrun a tsakanin lambu.
Bayanin wani sa na marrow kayan lambu Black kyau
Kyakkyawan baƙar fata mutum ne mai nau'in zucchini da ake kira zucchini ko zucchini na Italiya. Kamar dai zucchini na yau da kullun, zucchini na gidan kabewa ne, ana kuma nuna shi da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin kore ko launin rawaya. Black kyau kyau yana nufin duhu kore irin zucchini.
Tsire-tsire masu ɗumbin tsire-tsire masu ɗumbin yawa ne na karamin tsari. Ganyen launin kore tare da aibobi masu haske da dissection mai ƙarfi suna da matsakaici a girma.
Peduncles da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna kan daji sosai
Kyakkyawan baƙar fata yana cikin nau'ikan farkon ripening - daga lokacin fitowar seedlings zuwa ripening na farkon 'ya'yan itatuwa 45-55 kwanaki wuce.
Yawancin lokaci akan kowane daji 5-6 zucchini an ɗaure. 'Ya'yan itãcen suna da siffar silima da santsi, wani ɗan ƙaramin farfaɗo, daɗaɗɗa, fentin cikin duhu kore, kusa da baƙi, launi. Zucchini yana da nauyin kilogram 0.8-0.9, matsakaicin kilogram 1.7, tsawan su shine cm 20. Fata mai laushi da taushi na rufe jiki da haske, mai laushi da laushi. Dankalin turawa na dandana mai kyau - mai taushi, ba tare da haushi ba, saboda haka zaku iya cin zucchini har ma da ɗanɗano. A cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara babu manya-manyan zubin whitish na siffar elliptical.
A saman squash kyakkyawa baki santsi, tare da dan kadan m ribbing da m gloss.
'Ya'yan itacen Zucchini suna da amfani sosai saboda yawan ƙwayoyin bitamin A, B, E, C, nicotinic acid, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium da baƙin ƙarfe.
Zucchini yana inganta narkewa kuma yana cire abubuwa masu guba daga jiki. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan kayan lambu suna da ƙarancin kalori mai yawa - kawai 16 kcal a cikin 100 g na taro, don haka zucchini suna da kyau ga abincin abinci. Gaskiya ne, zucchini yana contraindicated a cikin mutanen da ke fama da cutar koda da takamaiman rashin lafiyan wannan kayan lambu.
Halayen sa
Zucchini blackarƙar fata baƙar fata tana da halaye da yawa halaye masu kyau:
- babban barga yawan amfanin ƙasa (4-9 kg / m2 ko 391-854 kg / ha, wanda shine 10-20% mafi girma sama da Beloplodny, Gribovsky, Matsayin Pheasant);
- tsawon lokacin fruiting;
- tsawon rayuwar shiryayye na amfanin gona;
- gabatarwa da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- tsayayya da cututtuka (alal misali, mildew foda);
- duniya game da amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
A matsayin ɓarna, ana iya sanin ainihin yanayin yanayin ƙasa.
Kwatanta zucchini Baki mai kyau tare da wasu nau'ikan - bidiyo
Dokoki don dasa shuki da kula da zucchini
Don samun amfanin gona mai kyau, kuna buƙatar dasa zucchini yadda yakamata.
Zucchini suna thermophilic, don haka don dasa su kuna buƙatar haskaka yanki mai rana tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki mai haske (chernozems da loams sun dace). Idan duk ƙasa a yankin an feshi, mai nauyi, kuna buƙatar noma shi da yashi da takin.
Lokacin saukar da kyau Black wanda dole ne ya manta game da daidai zabi na magabata. Ba za ku iya dasa zucchini bayan wasu kabewa ba. Yana da kyawawa cewa zucchini ya gabace da albasa, kabeji ko dankali, kuma mafi kyawun kayan lemun tsami, tare da iya haɓaka haɓakar ƙasa.
Zucchini za a iya girma duka ta hanyar shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa buɗe, kuma a cikin hanyar seedling.
Shuka tsaba
Don shuka tsaba zucchini kai tsaye a kan gado na lambu, ya zama dole yanayi ya yi ɗumi. Manunin zazzabi yakamata ya kai matakin + 13 ... +14 game daC, kuma ana la'akari da yanayin mafi kyau a zazzabi na +23 da rana game daC, cikin dare +19 game daC. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana samun irin wannan yanayin zuwa tsakiyar Mayu - farkon watan Yuni.
Idan kuna shirin shuka zucchini a ƙarƙashin fim, to, za a iya yin shuka sosai a baya - a cikin shekaru goma na biyu na Afrilu. Kuna iya shuka a cikin matakai 3-4 tare da tazara na kwanaki 5-6 - wannan zai shimfiɗa lokacin girbi.
Abubuwan da aka shirya don shuka dole ne a bincika su cika - cika da ruwa da zubar da samfuran da ke saman.
Tsaba wanda ya nutse har ƙasa ana ɗaukar matakan da suka dace don dasa shuki
Kafin yin shuka, yana da kyau a kula da tsaba tare da shirye-shiryen ci gaba (1 teaspoon na sodium ko potassium humate, ko Kristallin, ko nitroammophoski kowace lita na ruwa, mai tsanani zuwa 25 game daC) An sanya tsaba wanda ya jika da sinadirai mai gina jiki a cikin jakar nama mai narkewa na kwanaki 2-3.
Lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi sama isa, zaka iya shuka a cikin shirye-shirye (kwance, bushe) ƙasa. An sanya tsaba a cikin guda 2-3 a cikin raguna na centimita 5-5 (a cikin kasa mai nauyi, zurfin ciki shine 3-5 cm), an sanya shi bisa tsarin 60 zuwa 60. Idan akwai damuwa cewa ba duk zuriyayen zasu shuka ba, dasa shuki a cikin gajeren lokaci ( 30-35 cm). Bayan germination, rauni harbe cire.
Idan yanayin yayi sanyi, amma da gaske kuna son dasa zucchini, zaku iya shuka kan “gado mai ɗumi” wanda aka sa ciyawar da ba ta da lalacewa, bambaro ko wasu kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke ba da tsananin zafi lokacin lalacewa.
Hanyar dasa seedling
Dasa shuki yana ba da damar girbi a baya. 'Ya'yan itacen Zucchini suna girma da kansu a cikin tukwane ko kofuna waɗanda, mafi kyau na peat, tare da tsawo na cm 10 cm. Dole ne ƙasa ta kasance da abinci mai gina jiki, kuma ana kula da tsaba iri ɗaya kafin a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.
Shuka zucchini tsaba don shuka - bidiyo
Ana shuka tsaba ga seedlingsan seedlings kusan wata guda kafin dasawa cikin gonar ta yadda a wannan karon ana kafa ganyayyaki na gaskiya 2-3. An girka tankuna tare da tsire-tsire a cikin ɗakin da ke da lit da kyau. Don ci gaba mai kyau, ana ciyar da ƙananan tsire-tsire cakuda superphosphate (5-7 g) da urea (2-3 g) a kowace lita 1. Ana yin suturar farko ta farkon sati 1.5 bayan fitowar, na biyu - bayan wasu ranakun 7-8. Madadin cakuda ma'adinai, zaku iya ciyar da maganin mullein.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin dasawa, da seedlings bukatar a “taurare” kadan, dauke su daga cikin sararin sama a kowace rana.
Kuna buƙatar dasa tsire-tsire matasa a wuri na dindindin a sanyin safiya ko a cikin yanayin hadari, saboda squash ya fi sauƙi don canja wurin hanya.
Marubucin ya sami nasarar dasa a karkashin tsari don samun ofan itacen ɗan adam zucchini. A farkon watan Mayu, ana shuka iri mai yawa a cikin ƙaramin yanki na ƙasa kuma kowane iri an rufe shi da kwalban filastik mai cropped. Lokacin da aka kafa ganye na gaskiya biyu zuwa uku akan zucchini, ana iya dasa su a hankali zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. Ta wannan hanyar, kwantena na shuka ba a buƙata, kuma zaka iya shuka kusan kowane tsirrai.
Hanyar dasa shuki a cikin fili na bude ƙasa
Dasa seedlings na marrows maryamu a kan m wuri ne ya zama a cikin wadannan jerin. Da farko, an shirya ƙasa:
- digging yana gudana tare da gabatarwar humus da ash;
- an cire ciyayi da tarkacen tsire;
- Ana yin yadudduka kasar gona kuma an haƙa ramuka don girman girman ƙasa a kan tushen seedlings ko kofin peat.
Ana saka ciyawa a hankali a cikin ramuka, yafa masa ƙasa tare da shayar da yalwa tare da dumi, ruwa mai zauna.
Dasa zucchini a cikin bidiyon
Siffofin Girma
Kulawar squash ta ƙunshi yawan ruwa a kan lokaci da kuma kayan miya, shimfida ƙasa da rigakafin cutar.
Tun da yake zucchini yana dauke da ruwa sosai, shayarwa yana da matukar mahimmanci a gare su. Tabbatar amfani da ruwa mai kafaffen ruwa mai sanyi! Ana yin ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe don kada ruwa ya faɗi akan ganyayyaki. A lokacin furanni, kowane daji yana buƙatar lita 5-6 na ruwa kowane kwanaki 6-7. Lokacin ƙirƙirar 'ya'yan itatuwa, watering ya kamata a yi aƙalla sau 2 a mako. A cikin lokacin bushewa, yawan shayarwa yafi yawa (1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 2). 7-10 kwanaki kafin girbi, ya kamata a dakatar da shayarwa.
Manyan riguna ya kamata su haɗa ma'adinai da takin gargajiya kuma ana yin su sau 2-3 a kowace kakar. Babban bukatar tsirrai don abubuwan gina jiki na faruwa ne a lokutan furanni da samuwar gidan kwai.
Lokacin zabar takin, tuna - zucchini ba za a iya hadi dashi tare da gaurayawan da ke kunshe da sinadarin chlorine ba.
An fara ciyarwa da takin ma'adinai na ruwa (20 g na potassium sulfate da 40 g na superphosphate suna narkar da a guga na ruwa mai dumi).
A cikin riguna na biyu, ana amfani da g 50 na ammonium nitrate da superphosphate kowace guga na ruwa, 1.5 l na mafita ga kowane daji. Kuna iya maye gurbin ma'adinai da takin gargajiya: maganin mullein (1:10) ko ɗigon kaza (1:20).
Ciyar da zucchini - bidiyo
Zucchini zucchini, ba kamar hawa dutsen zucchini ba, baya buƙatar kamannin juna da kuma pinching, kamar yadda aka kirkiro fruitsa fruitsan itansu a tsakiyar tushe. Gaskiya ne, tare da ƙara ƙarfin kwari na bushes, ganye na iya rikitar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsoma baki tare da pollinating kwari. A wannan yanayin, ana iya cire zanen gado sama da 2-3 na shafukan yanar gizon da ake samu. Bugu da ƙari, wannan hanya tana taimakawa rage danshi a cikin microclimate na shuka kuma yana hana bayyanar rot.
Don sarrafa ciyayi, kwance ƙasa na yau da kullun wajibi ne. Amma zaku iya kawar da wannan aikin idan kun shuka ganye, radishes ko wake a kusa da zucchini. Wadannan tsire-tsire ba za su ba da damar ciyawar ciyawa ba, kuma a duk lokacin da bushes na zucchini ya yi girma, ƙarin tsire-tsire sun riga sun fara fitar da itace kuma ana iya cire su.
Shuke-shuke da aka ba da shawarar a dasa kusa da zucchini - hoto
- Isharshen radish yana sarrafa amfanin gona kafin bushes na squash fara girma
- An wake, kasancewa itace kayan girke-girke, yana wadatar da ƙasa da sinadarin nitrogen da ƙara haɓaka ta
- Ba kawai ba da damar amfani da hankali ga ƙasa a kusa da squash bushes, amma kuma kange kwari da cutarwa
Don jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma da tsoratar da kwari, ana bada shawara don shuka ganye mai ƙanshi ko furanni: Basil, thyme, marigolds, nasturtiums kusa da gadaje zucchini.
Kariyar Cutar Zucchini
Zucchini na iya shafar cututtukan fungal da yawa. Ofaya daga cikin cututtukan da suka fi yawa shine anthracnose, wanda ke bayyana kanta a cikin ɗanɗano mai ɗaci na ɓangaren litattafan almara, asarar elasticity da lalata da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Idan tsarin tushen ya lalace, inji na iya mutu. Don adana zucchini daga anthracnose, wajibi ne don fesa su tare da shirye-shiryen EM. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa anthracnose galibi yana haɓaka a cikin katako.
Tare da maganin anthracnose, sassan da abin ya shafa na farantin ganye na iya faduwa, suna samar da ramuka marasa tsari
Tare da raguwa a cikin zafin jiki na iska tare da karuwa a lokaci daya, zafi, zucchini na iya samun ascochitosis. Wannan cuta ta fungal tana bayyana kanta a cikin hanyar duhu kore m aibobi na zagaye ko kuma angular siffar, wanda sauri girma da duhu. A saman wuraren da abin ya shafa, ana iya ganin bakunan baƙi na fungal pycnidia. A cikin yanayin bushewa, aibobi sun faɗi, kuma lokacin da aka fara cutar, ganye yakan bushe gaba ɗaya, abubuwan da abin ya shafa sun fashe, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun zama sun kamu da kuturta.
A matakin farko na cutar, za'a iya bi da wuraren da cutar ta shafa da ci ko alli. Jiyya tare da Trichodermin yana taimakawa sosai.
Abin da za a yi idan zucchini ya juya launin rawaya da rot - bidiyo
Hanyar gama gari na magance cututtukan zucchini shine sarrafa danshi na ƙasa, girbin lokaci na tarkacewar shuka, sarrafa sako da juyawa amfanin gona.
Girbi, adanawa da amfanin gona
Zucchini, kamar zucchini na yau da kullun, yana da ɗanɗano mafi kyau a ƙuruciya. Lokaci mafi kyau na girbi an ƙaddara shi da girman 'ya'yan itacen da yanayin bawo: tsawon a lokacin tarin ya kamata ya kai 18-20 cm, kuma fata ya kamata a sauƙaƙe shi da yatsun hannu. Bayan mun girbe, kuna buƙatar aiwatar da yawan shayarwa.
Matasa na zucchini suna da ɗanɗano mafi kyau, tsawon sa bai ƙare cm 16-20 ba, kuma fatar ta cikin sauki cikin saƙa. Da zaran an gama girbi, ya kamata a shayar da daji sosai.
Girbi 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin tazara na kwana biyu zuwa uku, ƙoƙarin kada ku zartar da zucchini a daji. Ka tuna cewa tarin kayan lambu na zamani yana tsoratar da samuwar sabbin kwayoyin kwayoyi.
Zucchini Baƙar fata mutum mai amfani ana iya amfani dashi a duniya: ana iya sutturar su, soyayyen, gishiri, daɗaɗa shi. Salads za a iya shirya daga 'ya'yan itãcen marmari matasa.
Zucchini caviar ɗayan shahararrun abinci ne
Sake duba lambu
Shuka bushes 10 na Iskander da 4 Black Beauty. Lokacin da suka riga sun hau (ta hanyar, komai ya tashi, ko da yake a rana ta 12) Na je birni kuma na sayi ofan squash na fan fari. Sown na seedlings a cikin kwari. Kamar dai yadda suka hau a cikin wani lambu. Ta haka aka dasa shi da kyau. Amma akwai wata hanya kaɗan daga wannan ɓarna. Mafi muni da aka tabbatar da cewa Black Beauty. Ya ba kawai zucchini 3 tare da 4 bushes. Iskander ya nuna kansa sosai.
NataliaSPB
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=250&start=90
bisa ga dandano na dandano, da alama a gare ni cewa black zucchini suna jagorantar - Black Prince, Black Beauty. Na sanya caviar tare da mayonnaise sau da yawa - suna cinye shi da sauri.
Floribunda
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/6601/page-87
Ina da Black Beauty, amma ba a kwance ba, nau'ikan da ya fi dadi fiye da sauran
Tatyana 1908
//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/6601/page-87
Kyakkyawan Zucchini Black ba ya buƙatar kulawa mai rikitarwa, amma a lokaci guda yana ba da babban adadin 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi. A karkashin yanayin girma na dama, zaku iya tarawa daga kowace murabba'in murabba'in kilogram zuwa 9 kilogiram na taushi mai kyan gani.
