Basil Seedlings: girma da shuka daidai

Basil wani kayan yaji ne mai amfani wanda ke bawa kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya da dandano mai dadi. Tare da farko na lokacin bazara, Ina so in sami farkon girbi na wannan ƙima mai ƙoshin mai daɗi. Tare da shuka kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, girbin zai yi tsayi daɗewa, tunda Basil ɗin tana da zafi, tana buƙatar ƙimar abinci na ƙasa da kuma ka'idojin fasahar noma. Amma idan kun shuka shi ta hanyar shuka, to ba zai zama da wahala a sami farkon girbi na greenery ba.

Shuka shuka Basil

Hanyar dasa seedil dasa itace dama ce ta samun farkon ganye da tara kayan masarufi domin dasa shuki a kaka mai zuwa. Seedlingsoshin lafiya mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi sune maɓalli don kyakkyawan sakamako, don haka lokacin da kuka girma, kuna buƙatar kula da lokacin dasawa, da kuma yanayin yadda ake yin namo.

Mataki na 1: tantance lokacin sauka

Lokacin yanke hukunci lokacin shuka iri, kuna buƙatar mai da hankali kan yuwuwar lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe ko greenhouse. A cikin yanayin yanayi mai kyau, wannan shine kusan ƙarnin farko na Yuni. A cikin yankuna masu sauƙin yanayin, ana iya dasa shuki a tsakiyar watan Mayu. A wannan lokacin, yiwuwar dawowar dusar ƙanƙara ya wuce, za a kafa yanayin dumi mai natsuwa, ƙasa za ta yi dumama sosai (har zuwa + digiri 10), kuma bala'in yanayi ba zai yi barazanar dasa tsiron Basil ba.

Bayani mai amfani! A cikin yankuna na kudanci, galibi ana shuka gyada tare da tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa, amma a cikin yankuna na arewacin ana iya samun cikakken amfanin gona ta hanyar shuka iri.

Don daidai ƙayyade lokacin shuka, amfani da makirci masu zuwa:

1. Don zance, zamu dauki ranar kiyasin fitar da shuka zuwa wuri mai dorewa. Bari mu faɗi cewa don yankin ku, ranar yiwuwar ita ce 1 ga Yuni.
2. Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 60 daga wannan ranar - shekarun seedling masu mahimmanci kafin dasa. Muna karɓar ranar 2 ga Afrilu.
3. Cire wani sati 2. Wannan ita ce lokacin mafi girman da ake buƙata don tsaba su shuka. Ranar da aka karɓa shine 19 ga Maris.
4. Idan za a yi girma da kwayar cutar tare da dauk, wato, tare da dasawa daga jimlar karfin zuwa mutum daya, to ya zama dole a cire wasu kwanaki 4-5 (lokacin karbuwa na bayan seedlings bayan daukana). Mun sami ranar shuka tsaba - Maris 14.

Lokacin yanke hukunci lokacin shuka, dole ne kayi la'akari da zaɓaɓɓen iri da aka zaɓa. Basil na matsakaici-marigayi da marigayi ripening yana tasowa a hankali, saboda haka ana shuka tsaba a 'yan kwanaki a baya. Dole ne a canza lokacin shuka iri-iri na farko da tsakiyar tsakiyar kishiyar shugabanci. Wadannan tsirrai suna girma da sauri kuma suna iya girma a cikin wani kayyadadden lokaci. Wannan shi ne musamman wanda ba a ke so, saboda daskararrun tsire-tsire zasu ɗauki tushe na dogon lokaci.

Kula! Idan an shirya namo basil a cikin greenhouse, lokacin shuka shuka shine ya rage makonni biyu, shine, a farkon Maris.

Mataki na 2: shirya kwantena

Duk wani ƙarfin da ya dace da shuka iri na Basil. Lokacin zabar, ya kamata ku yanke shawara a gaba ko za ku shuka seedlings tare da ɗiyan seedlings ko ba tare da shi ba. Idan kuna shirin tsarin nutsewa, to, don fara shuka, zaku iya zaɓar akwatuna waɗanda ƙwayayen za su ji daɗin sauƙi, za su kasance da sauƙin kulawa, za a iya tura su cikin sauri zuwa wani sabon wuri ko tura wani gefen zuwa ga haske.

Lokacin zabar tankunan saukarwa, ka tuna cewa tsayin su ya zama akalla 8 cm

Lokacin da aka yi girma ba tare da ɗiba ba, an zaɓi abubuwan kwantena. A wannan yanayin, ana iya yin shuka shuka:

• peat Allunan, cassettes da tukwane;
• takaddun zuma na takarda;
• kwantena da trays da aka yi da PVC da polystyrene;
• kwantena daga kayan gyara, da sauransu.

Hoto na hoto: kwantena na dasa shuki na mutum don shuka shuki

Mataki na 3: zaɓi kuma shirya ƙasa

Don haɓaka lafiya, cikakkun seedlingsan seedlings, ya kamata ku yi la'akari da zaɓi na ƙasa. Ya kamata ya zama haske, mai gina jiki, yana da kyakkyawan numfashi. Karku cika kwantena da yumɓu. Irin wannan ƙasa mara nauyi ne, yana hanzari ya zama mai yawa sannan ya fara matsi tushen sa. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, seedlings na iya yin rashin lafiya, girma mai rauni, ci gaba mara kyau.

Anan ga wasu 'yan zaɓuɓɓuka don cakuda ƙasa mai dacewa don tsiro tsiran Basil:

1. Humus, peat, yashi a cikin rabo na 2: 4: 1.
2. Gardenasar lambun, peat, humus daidai.

Bai kamata ku yi amfani da ƙasa mai daɗi ba: ba shi da amfani ga ƙwayoyin shuka, kuma yana iya cutar da - rage jinkirin fitar da ƙwayoyin cuta da haɓakarsu, tsokani cututtukan

An bada shawarar zuwa tururi da cakuda ƙasa cakuda. Jiyya mai zafi zai lalata sako tsaba da ƙwayoyin cuta da ake samu a cikin humus da gonar lambu.

Kula! Za'a iya amfani da kayan haɗin abinci na yau da kullun da aka sayar a cikin shaguna na musamman. Don maganin ta, ana amfani da cikakken sinadarin potassium permanganate ko Fitosporin.

Cakuda mai cakuda da yayyafawa, idan ya cancanta, an zubar da kayan abinci mai gina jiki. A saboda wannan, ana ƙara urea, superphosphate da potassium sulfate (cokali 0.5 a kowace) a cikin ruwan da aka zaunar. Bayan da takin ya narke, sai a sanyaya kayan da aka shirya da shi. Irin wannan ban ruwa zai sa ƙasa ta kasance da abinci mai gina jiki, samar da seedlingsanyen da suka fito tare da duk abubuwan da suka zama dole.

Mataki na 4: muna aiwatar da dasa kayan

Abubuwan Basil zasuyi aiki ne kawai a gaban zafi da hasken rana, saboda mazauninsu na asali shine yanayin dumin yanayi na Indiya. Sabili da haka, kafin saukowa, ana bada shawara don dumama su zuwa zafin jiki na +40 digiri. Ana iya yin wannan akan windowsill na rana ko akan radiators. Bayan dumama, ana bada shawara a jiƙa tsaba a cikin awanni 24 a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi (kimanin digiri +40), sannan a bushe su kaɗan.

Shawara mai amfani! Don soaking, zaka iya amfani da mafita na haɓakar haɓakawa Zircon, Albit, da sauransu.

A kasance cikin shiri don soyayyen tsaba

Mahimmanci! Seedsa seedsan inganci, warmed da danshi mai cike da danshi za su tsiro kusan a ranar 7-10 bayan an yi shuka.

Mataki na 5: dasa shuki daidai

Shuka Basil abu ne mai sauki. Wannan hanyar ta hada da matakai masu zuwa:

1. Wani matattarar ruwa na yumbu ko tonon dutse an shimfiɗa shi a kasan saukarwa. Kafinta ya kamata ya zama 2-3 cm.
2. Akwatin saukar da kaya ya cika da kayan da aka shirya domin aƙalla 1 cm ya rage zuwa gefuna kwantena ganyen.
   

   Lokacin da aka cika tanki, la'akari da cewa ƙasa mai laushi takan yi kadan
3. Isasa ta ɗanɗaɗa ɗanɗano da danshi.
   

   An bada shawara don shayar da ƙasa kafin dasa shuki

4. Mai tsanani, moistened da dan kadan bushe tsaba suna a kwance dage farawa a kan ƙasa surface.
   

   Don kada seedlingsa thean seedlings suyi yaƙi don wuri a rana, yana da kyau ku yada tsaba nan da nan a nesa na cm cm daga juna

5. An yayyafa su a saman tare da cakuda ƙasa na kimanin cm cm 0. Lokacin da dasa shuki iri iri, an saita takaddun sunayen sunaye don su sami damar kewaya a iri da suke so.
   

   Cika kaset ɗin tare da ƙasan da ta rage domin tsaba na basil ya kasance zurfin 0.5-1 cm

6. A hankali a fesa ƙasa (zai fi dacewa daga kwalban feshi) don kada a wanke tsaba a farfajiya. Karka yi amfani da ruwa tare da jet na ruwa mai ƙarfi. An Fraught tare da gaskiyar cewa tsaba tare da ruwa na iya tafiya zurfi. Saboda wannan, za su yi tsiro na dogon lokaci ko kuma ba sa yin huda kwata-kwata.
   

   Hanya mafi kyau don sanyaya ƙasa - feshi tare da bindiga mai fesawa

7. An rufe kwantena tare da fim ko gilashi kuma a sanya shi cikin kyakkyawan lit da dumin.
   

   Da zaran an yi saukowa, ganga ta rufe gilashin ko fim na polyethylene don ƙirƙirar tasirin kore

Bidiyo: ƙwayoyin Basil a cikin katantanwa

Kulawar seedling

Matsakaicin zafin jiki don adana kwalaye tare da shuka shine + digiri 20-25. Bayan fitowar, an cire kayan rufe kuma an sanya kwantena a cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na + digiri 16-20. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire ba za su shimfiɗa ba.

Bayan cire fim ɗin, Basil yana buƙatar samar da kulawa ta yau da kullun da kan lokaci.

Wajibi ne don samar da harbe tare da isasshen adadin haske. Rashin haske zai raunana kuma ya shimfiɗa albarkatu. Sabili da haka, sanya kwantena tare da seedlings a wurare masu kyau, an kiyaye su daga hasken rana mai haske.

Kula! Hasken rana kai tsaye akan ganye matasa yana iya haifar da ƙonewa.

Watse

A saman jirgin ruwa ba zai fasa bushewa ba. Ba tare da danshi ba, ƙananan tsire-tsire sun fara bushewa, dakatar da ci gaban su. Ruwan ƙasa kuma yana cutar ƙwanƙwasa tsaba. Zai iya haifar da mutuwar asalinsu, lalacewar su, haɓakar cuta kamar ƙafa na baƙar fata.

Mahimmanci! Idan lokacin dubawa na seedlings kun lura cewa wani duhu ya bayyana a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kara, kuma tushen wuyan duhu - waɗannan alamun alamun cutar baƙar fata ce. Yana da gaggawa don kula da seedlings tare da maganin maganin sulfate: 1 teaspoon na vitriol a cikin lita 2 na ruwa mai dumi.

Lingsalingsan itacen Basil ƙauna lokacin da ake shayar da shi da ruwa mai kyau, mai dumama (aƙalla +22 digiri) ruwa. Ruwa kai tsaye daga famfo na iya haifar da mutuwar asalin sa. Watering da seedlings tare da taka tsantsan, kuna buƙatar gwada danshi a cikin ƙasa, kuma ba ruwa ganye. Danshi a kan sassan kore na shuka na iya haifar da yaduwar cututtukan fungal.

Basil seedlings ya kamata a shayar a hankali, tabbatar da cewa ba su fada

Bayani mai amfani! Akwai kuskuren fahimta cewa kafin hawa seedlings zuwa wurin dasa, lallai ne a shayar da shi sosai. Wannan ba gaskiya bane, saboda m mai tushe da ganyayyaki sunada rauni, sunfi yiwuwa su fashe, fiye da dandaɗa kadan.

Daukana seedlings

Ickaukar Shuwan itace hanya ce ta zaɓi. Idan an shuka iri a cikin kwantena na mutum, ko kuma an shuka shuka a cikin babban filin tarawa kuma ba a yi fure ba, to yana yiwuwa a yi ba tare da an daukos ba. Ya isa ya zama mai bakin ciki fitar da andan seedlings kuma ƙara ƙasa a cikin akwati don ƙarfafa mai tushe na tsirrai.

Idan ya cancanta, ana ɗaukar hoto a cikin lokaci na waɗannan ganye. Abun da yadudduka na ƙasa zai iya zama ɗaya lokacin da shuka tsaba. Ana ɗaukar abin tara kamar haka:

1. Kowane ɗayan kwantena suna cike da ƙasa mai gina jiki, dan kadan haɗa shi.
2. Smallan karamin ciki aka yi a tsakiya.
3. Ana shayar da seedlings saboda ana iya cire shi cikin sauƙin kuma ana iya raba seedlingsan itacen a cikin kowane ɗayan.
   

   Basil seedlings suna shirye don nutsewa cikin lokaci na ganyayyaki na ainihi na 2-3

4. Ana saukar da kowace seedling cikin rami da aka shirya. Zurfin dasa ya zama iri ɗaya da na shuka.
   

   Basil seedlings ba sa samar da tushen ƙasa a kan tushe, don haka yana da kyau a nutse har ba tare da zurfafa ba

5. Sprouts yafa masa ƙasa.
   

   Kowace ƙwayar gyada ta Basil tana bushewa a cikin akwati daban
6. Yin ruwa a hankali, yana hana froma seedlingsan daga faɗuwa.
   

   Nan da nan bayan an dauko, ana shayar da tsire-tsire a hankali

7-10 kwanaki bayan daukana, ana iya ciyar da tumatir tare da urea (1 teaspoon) da superphosphate (0.5 teaspoon) a cikin ruwa (1 lita). Ana bada shawarar lokaci-lokaci don fitar da ƙasa a cikin kwantena tare da itace ash. Ba wai kawai zai samar da withan seedlingsari tare da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki ba, amma kuma zai zama kyakkyawan rigakafin cututtukan fungal.

Bidiyo: yadda ake nutsar da ciyawa na Basil

Hardil Basil seedlings

Lokacin da shuka ƙwayar Basil, suna ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai gamsarwa don ita. Tare da canji mai kaifi a cikin mahallin da aka kirkirar wucin gadi - alal misali, lokacin da aka watsa shi zuwa cikin ƙasa - inji zai dandana damuwa, zai iya murmurewa na dogon lokaci, ya kamu da rashin lafiya. An bada shawara don sananniyar hankali, shirya seedlings don sabon yanayin rayuwa. Don wannan, yana da zafi. Wuya yana farawa game da makonni 2 kafin dasa shuki da shuka a cikin dindindin. Ana fitar dashi cikin iska mai tsami ko a cikin fim mai zafi. Babban yanayin: zazzabi na seedlings yayin hardening ya kamata ya zama aƙalla +5 digiri.

Mahimmanci! Yanayin hardening mafi kyau shine ƙirƙirar zafin rana da rana a cikin kewayon + 15-17, da dare - + 12-15. A lokacin hardening, shayar da seedlings iyakance.

Na farko, ana fitar da tsire-tsire zuwa cikin iska mai tsada na tsawon sa'o'i 2-3, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska ya tashi zuwa matakin da ya wajaba a kan Basil.

Shuka seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude

Basil seedlings za su kasance a shirye don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa yana da shekaru 50-60 days. A wannan lokacin, yakamata ya sami akalla ganyayyaki 5 na gaske, zama lafiya da ƙarfi. Lokacin da zaka yanke shawarar lokacin dasawa, ya kamata ka jagorantar da yanayin yanayi: haɗarin sanyi na dare dole ne ya shude kuma ƙasa tayi ɗumi zuwa zazzabi na akalla + digiri 10. Don saukowa, zaɓi wurin rana, wanda aka kiyaye shi daga iska ta arewa, shafin yana kwance sosai kuma yana da kyawawan abubuwa da kwayoyin halitta (guga 1 na digon taki a kowace murabba'in mita). Ana aiwatar da juyawa kamar haka:

1. Ana canja Seedannen wuri zuwa wurin da aka shirya dasa.
2. Idan an girma a cikin filastik, akwati na katako, an cire seedlings a hankali, yin hankali kada ku lalata dunƙule ƙasar, masarautar tushe. An dasa tukwane na peat da allunan tare da shuka.
   

   Basil seedlings suna da sauƙin cirewa daga kaset ɗin lokacin da tushen ya mallaki earthen

3. Rijiyar da akalla aƙalla 8 cm an shirya kowace shuka.
4. Ana sanya rijiyoyi a nesa daga junan su domin kowane daji yana da isasshen yankin ciyarwa. Wannan nuna alama ya dogara da tsayi daga iri-iri. Tsarin dasa tsire-tsire masu ƙarancin girma zai iya zama 20x20 cm, yayin da tsirrai masu tsayi na iya zama ƙasa da 40x20 cm.
5. Kowace rijiya tana shayar da yawa ta amfani da 1 lita na ruwa.
6. Itaciya a cikin tukunya peat ko tare da dunƙule na ƙasa an sanya shi a cikin rami domin matasa ganye da kuma tsakiyar toho zauna sama da ƙasa.
   

   Dole ne a dasa daji na Basil wanda ya sa babban toho da ganye suna saman ƙasa

7. An rufe ramin da ƙasa kuma sake zubar da ruwa mai ɗumi.

Kula! Idan an aiwatar da jujjuyawar cikin bin ka'idodin waɗannan dokoki, to, a justan ,an kwanaki, gwanayen basil zasu shiga ƙarfi kuma daji zai fara girma da ƙarfi.

Bidiyo: dasa bishiyoyin gyada a cikin lambu

Siffofin dasa shuki na Basil a cikin wani greenhouse

A cikin ƙasa mai kariya, yanayi mai kyau don dasa Basil yana faruwa fewan makonni kaɗan a baya. Ka'idojin dasa Basil a cikin gidan kore ba su bambanta da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ba. Babban fasalin shine cewa a cikin ƙasa mara kariya, ana shuka tsire-tsire mafi yawa tare da layi ko gado daban. A cikin gidajen katako da koren tsire-tsire, ana amfani da Basil a matsayin tsire-tsire mai haɗa ƙarfi tsakanin tumatir, eggplant da barkono. Don ingantacciyar haɓaka da wadatar, ana bada shawara ga tsunkule saman zuriya. Amincewa da abinci mai kyau na ƙasa, na yau da kullum da wadataccen ruwa, amfanin gona zai kasance da wuri kuma mai inganci.

A cikin yanayin yankin Moscow, arewa maso yamma da arewacin yankunan, shi ne namo a cikin greenhouse wanda zai samar da farkon da yalwar girbi na greenery

Basil karfinsu tare da wasu tsirrai

Basil nasa ne ga tsirrai masu tsinkaye, watau ga waɗanda ke da ganye masu yaji waɗanda ke keɓaɓɓiyar abubuwa waɗanda suke da tasirin amfani ga wasu albarkatu: haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar su, gurbata iska, dawo da kwari. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da basil bushes galibi a cikin plantings na haɗin gwiwa. Basil yana dacewa sosai tare da tsire-tsire masu zuwa:

• Tumatir
  

  Basil yana inganta ɗanɗano da tumatir, kuma yana juyar da yawancin kwari daga tumatir, gami da tsutsotsi na tumatir

• wake. Basil yana kiyaye ciyawar wake daga lalacewa ta hanyar kern bean;
• barkono da kwai;
  

  Gardenerswararrun lambu suna da'awar cewa a cikin dasa Basil + barkono, tsire-tsire suna taimaka wa juna

• 'ya'yan itace itatuwa. Phytoncides da aka shuka ta hanyar hana yaduwar kwari da cututtuka;
• a cikin hanyoyin kabeji, karas da sauran kayan lambu;
• salatin, faski da sauran ganye mai ƙanshi;
  

  Za'a iya tsara ganyaye masu yaji a matsayin abu mai faɗi daban-daban - lambu mai yaji, wanda zai zama adon turaren gidan.

• a kusan dukkan launuka.
  
  

  Lokacin dasa Basil a cikin lambun fure, ya zama dole la'akari da tsawo da girman tsire-tsire a hade

Iyakar abin da tsire-tsire waɗanda ba a ba da shawarar maƙwabtarsu don Basil sune tushen, kazalika da cucumbers waɗanda ba sa son haɗa tsire tare da kowane ganye mai ƙanshi. Basil da kanta tayi girma bayan wadatar wadancan albarkatu wacce aka gabatar da dimbin kwayoyin halittu: ganyen, cucumbers, tumatir, dankali, zucchini, albasa, kabeji da karas, gami da side side. Bayar da ka'idodin jujin amfanin gona, ba za ku iya dasa gyada a wuri guda ba shekaru da yawa a jere. Kuna iya dawo da al'adar zuwa matsayin sa na farko ba tare da bayan shekaru 4-5 ba.

Ganin yawan adadin fa'idodin Basil, amfaninta, gami da amfanin gona, yakamata ku sami wannan shuka a kan gadaje buɗe da kuma a cikin gidajen ƙasa. Zai rage kawai don zaɓar nau'ikan da kuka fi so - kuma kuna iya fara shuka shi.