Kishmish mai haske innabi iri-iri tana jan hankali tare da kyawawan kyawawan furanninsa marasa kyau, manyan gungu da girbi mai yawa. Wannan nau'ikan yana da fa'idodi masu yawa, kodayake ba tare da ɓarna ba. Koyaya, tunda ya zama sananne game da yanayin dasa da kulawa, koda mai farawa ne zai iya yin tsirar mai tsini.
Tarihin namo nau'ikan innabi Radish
Ma'aikatan makiyaya sun kirkiro mahimmancin Kishmish ne kimanin shekaru talatin da suka gabata. Don samun wannan matasan, an ɗauki iri 2 a matsayin tushen: Cardinal da Pink Kishmish. Babban aikin da ma’aikatan NIIIViV suka fuskanta shi ne samun iri-iri masu inganci, kuma an cimma wannan burin ta su.
Bayanin nau'in innabi na Kishmish mai haske
'Ya'yan inabi na wannan iri-iri suna cikin tsakiyar tebur iri iri tare da lokacin cikewa da kimanin kwanaki 130. Godiya ga kokarin shayarwa, inabi tare da tsauraran bushes, an samu ingantacciyar giya mai ƙarfi da yarn m ruwan hoda. Sunan 'ya'yan inabin suna da "haske" saboda gaskiyar cewa berries cikakke suna kama da haske a karkashin haskoki na rana daga ciki.
Risaant raisins yana jawo hankalin yawancin masu giyar giya saboda yawan fa'ida:
- fasalulluyin itacen inabin sun ba da damar a shimfiɗa shi a bisa duniya kuma a ba shi mafaka don hunturu;
- samar da kariya daga sanyi, ana iya noma iri-iri a yankuna tare da matsanancin yanayi;
- berries mara kyau, mai daɗi, mai laushi da maraba;
- kusan kashi 70% na harbe suna bada 'ya'ya, a Bugu da kari, itacen inabin ya fito da kyau;
- bunches suna da yawa, wanda zai baka damar tattara amfanin gona mai kyau daga daji ɗaya;
- lokacin farin ciki kwasfa na berries yana samar da kyakkyawan jigilar kaya, banda bunches suna da gabatarwa;
- adana 'ya'yan itatuwa na dogon lokaci akan daji.
Rinant raisins suna halin ƙazantattun bushes, ƙaƙƙarfan inabinsa da m Berry.
Duk da kyawawan halaye masu kyau, Radiant Kishmish yana da nasarori:
- gungu tare da babban nauyi (fiye da 1 kg) yana haifar da fashe rassan;
- domin lokacin hunturu, itacen inabin yana buƙatar tsari mai kyau;
- da bukatar kare tsirrai daga mildew da phylloxera;
- 'ya'yan itãcen marmari saboda yawan sukarinsu suna jawo hankalin wasps;
- tare da manyan gungu (sama da 50 cm), da berries ripen talauci;
- Ana buƙatar kulawa da cancanta ga daji.
Halayen inabi
Rinant mai tsayi yana da tsayi ko tsayi. Ganyen iri daban-daban suna dissected, matsakaici sized, zagaye. Goge innabi yakan wuce 40 cm a tsayi kuma yana da matsakaicin nauyi na kilogiram 0.5. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yawan taro ya wuce 1 kg. 'Ya'yan itãcen matsakaici size 2.5 * 2.2 cm da matsakaita nauyi na 3-4 g. Siffar da berries ne elongated-m tare da ruwan hoda-ja fata. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne mai yawa tare da halayyar jituwa dandano da wani haske musky tint. Abun sukari na berries yana cikin kewayon 17-21%.
Babban fasalin innabi yana da alaƙa da manyan gungu tare da tsawon 40 cm da matsakaicin nauyin 0.5 kilogiram
Siffofin dasa shuki da nau'in innabi iri na girma Kishmish haskakawa
Mabuɗin girbi mai kyau na raisins mai haske shine ingantaccen shuka da kulawa da hankali. In ba haka ba, ɗanɗano na berries zai sha wahala, kuma a cikin mafi munin yanayi, tsire-tsire na iya mutu kwata-kwata.
Saukowa
Don dasa 'ya'yan itacen inabi na wannan iri-iri, wajibi ne don zaɓar wurin da inji zai ji fili. Nisa tsakanin bushes a cikin layi yakamata ya zama aƙalla 2, tsakanin layuka daga 3. Tunda raisins mai yalwatacce sune pollinator na ire-ire kamar Flamingo, Laura, fyaɗe ja, sannan lokacin dasawa, dole ne a sake dasa waɗannan tsire. Ofaya daga cikin sifofin wannan Kishmish, ba kamar sauran nau'in innabi ba, shine buƙatar shuka a cikin yankin da ke da iska mai kyau.
Ana iya aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin bazara ko kaka. Amma ga lokacin, ya kamata ka mai da hankali ga yanayin damina na gida. A cikin bazara, ana shuka al'adu daga shekaru goma na uku na Afrilu zuwa shekaru goma na uku na Mayu. Na farko, ana dasa tsire-tsire na lignified, daga baya sun magance kore kore. A cikin tsarin kaka, ana iya dasa al'adu tun daga farkon Oktoba har zuwa lokacin sanyi na farko. Wani fasali na dasa shuki a cikin kaka shine buƙatar cikakken kariya daga tsirrai daga yanayin sanyi mai zuwa.
Kafin ci gaba da dasa na seedlings na dauke iri, ya zama dole don yin matakai da yawa don shirya kayan dasa:
- Tushen tushen seedlings yana soaked akalla a rana a cikin ruwa ko haɓaka haɓaka, misali, potassium ko sodium humate.
- Bayan shafawa, an datse harbe don idanu 2-4.
- Kafin dasa shuki, ba za a bar seedlings a cikin iska mai sabo ba, don haka ya fi dacewa a yi amfani da rigar rigar ko akwati tare da daskararren yumɓu (yumɓin ruwa).
- Saboda tsarin tushe mai ƙarfi, an yi rami don saukowa tare da nisan kusan 0.8 * 0.8 m.
Bidiyo: shirya 'ya'yan itacen innabi don shuka
Zai fi kyau a shirya ramin sauka a fall ko aƙalla wata guda kafin a dasa shuki. A matsayin ƙasa mai gina jiki ta amfani da cakuda ƙasa na abubuwan da ke ciki:
- baƙar fata ƙasa ko saman - buckets 5;
- ash - 1 l;
- taki - buhu 4;
- taki phosphate - 150 g.
Don dasa inabi, kuna buƙatar shirya cakuda ƙasa na chernozem, ash, taki da takin ƙasa
An rage tsarin dasa innabi seedlings a cikin ayyuka masu zuwa:
- Ruwan magudanar ruwa na cm 10 na dutsen da aka fashe ko kuma tubalin da aka fashe an zuba shi cikin ramin.
A matsayin magudanar ruwa, ana zubar da ƙaramin bulo ko tsakuwa a ƙasan ramin sauka
- Dukkan abubuwanda aka shirya an zuba su da yawa wanda yakai 50 cm ya zauna a gefan ramin sannan sai a gauraye sosai kuma an zubar da ruwa sosai har ƙasa ta zauna.
- Bayan sha danshi, ana shuka seedling, a ko'ina ana rarraba tushen tushen.
Lokacin dasa shuki seeding a cikin rami, Tushen tushen ana rarraba shi a ko'ina
- Sun cika rami saukowa zuwa gefuna, don wane ƙasa daga ƙananan yadudduka, wanda ya kasance bayan digo ramin, ya dace.
Ramin rami ya cika da m, wanda za ku iya amfani da ƙasar da ta ragu bayan ta haƙa rami
Growararru masu noman girki a cikin ramin dasa shuki wani bututu ta hanyar wanda a nan gaba za a yi ban ruwa da shi.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki na 'ya'yan inabi
Watse
Raisins na Radix na buƙatar shayarwa ta yau da kullun da matsakaici, ƙididdigar wanda ya dogara kai tsaye akan nau'in ƙasa da yanayin yanayi. Idan an noma amfanin gona akan ƙasa chernozem, to buhun 5-6 a kowace shuka zai isa sosai. Don kasa mai yashi, kimanin bulo 10 na ruwa za'a buƙaci. Tsakanin ban ruwa ya zama dole don kula da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 3-4. Idan yanayi bai yi ruwa ba, ya kamata a jinkirta lokacin biya.
Rinant mai tsayi yana buƙatar ruwa na yau da kullun da matsakaici, ɗaukar nauyin abin da ya dogara da yanayin yanayi da nau'in ƙasa
Manyan miya
Yawancin da aka bayyana da Kishmisha yana ba da amsa sosai ga ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa haɓakar haɓaka ta hanyar takin mai yiwuwa ne kawai idan takin zamani ya kasance a cikin hanyar tsiron tsire-tsire. Yawancin masu giya suna amfani da ash na itace azaman ciyarwa, suna ƙoƙarin gyara don rashin phosphorus da potassium. Koyaya, dole ne a fahimci cewa waɗannan abubuwan ba su da aiki kuma za su isa ga tushen tushen ba a cikin shekaru 3-4 da ke ƙarƙashin rinjayar ban ruwa mai ƙarfi da ruwan sama. Daga wannan zamu iya yanke shawara cewa mafi kyawun zaɓi don takin gonar inabinsa shine mafita mai gina jiki.
Ash ash itace ingantacciyar takin zamani, amma abubuwan gina jiki suna isa tsarin tushen sai bayan wasu 'yan shekaru
A cikin bazara, an ciyar da al'adar da nitonium nitrate (2 tbsp. Per 10 na ruwa na ruwa), yawanci a farkon lokacin girma, kuma kadan daga baya yi amfani da wannan bayani, amma tare da ƙari na 1 tbsp. l potassium sulfate. Inabi ya amsa da kyau don kayan miya na sama. Dankin da ke karɓar waɗannan abubuwa kamar zinc, boron, manganese, yana taimakawa haɓaka yawan aiki ta hanyar 15-20%. Ana bada shawara don ciyar da ganye mai ganye tare da maganin borax (5 g a 10 l na ruwa). Kowane shekara 2-3 bayan girbi, ana ba da ƙasa tare da takin gargajiya (takin, mullein).
Ana amfani da takin gargajiya da na ma'adinai don ciyar da inabi, ta amfani da su ƙarƙashin tushe, da kuma ganye
Da takin mai magani ba za a azaba, saboda lokacin da overfeeding, da harbe za su fatten, fure za su yi rawa, da kuma ovaries zai samar da rauni.
Bush samuwar
Kyakkyawan daji na Radiant Kishmish yakamata ya sami rassa takwas a cikin layin mita 1. Wani lokaci yana yiwuwa a ƙara adadin su zuwa 10. Tsakanin rassan daji ana bada shawara don barin nesa aƙalla 1 m A mafi yawan lokuta, ana amfani da pruning don idanu 8-12 don wannan nau'in. Sakamakon haka shine: idan al'adar ta balaga, to a wani yanki na 4-6 m² za a sami kusan 20-25 harbe, kuma akan matashiyar shuka - ba fiye da 12 ba.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar al'adu, wajibi ne don barin babban wadataccen itace. Pinging na itacen inabi ne da za'ayi dangane da shekara. Idan hannun riga ya kasance saurayi, to yankan ba fiye da idanu 2-3, kuma akan tsohon hannun riga zaka iya yanke idanu har 14. A daji don barin fiye da idanu 35 na jimlar nauyin ba shi da daraja. Tare da hanyar da ta dace don samuwar, a ƙarshen hanyar, daji ya kamata ya kasance ba ruwan inabin sama da 4 tare da tsawon kusan mita uku. Partangare na sama na itace zai kasance mai 'ya'ya, kuma ƙananan sashin zai samar da hannayen riga.
Don samun kyakkyawan girbi na raisins mai haskakawa, ya zama dole don raba abinci
Kar ku manta game da rabon amfanin gona kuma ku bar fiye da goge biyu a kan guda ɗaya, saboda akwai yiwuwar akwai ƙarancin potassium, 'ya'yan itãcen za su rasa ƙanshin su kuma su zama ƙanana. Bugu da kari, fatattaka daga berries kuma daga baya ripening mai yiwuwa ne. Idan muka yi watsi da rarar kayan kuma muka bar inabi da yawa, to shekara mai zuwa amfanin gona na iya zama mara kyau (ƙanana kuma tare da asarar ɗanɗano na berry) ko ba zai kasance kwata-kwata ba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka za ta buƙaci hutawa.
Bidiyo: ingantaccen gandun daji
Kare hunturu
Radiant raisins ba sanyi-resistant, sabili da haka, kafin farko na hunturu sanyi, dole ne a dauki kula da tsari na shrub. Ana aiwatar da aikin a wani zazzabi na -5-7 ° C. Irin waɗannan alamun zafin jiki suna ba da gudummawa ga tauraron daji. Don kariya, zaka iya amfani da kayan da aka inganta, kamar su allo, allura, tabarma, ciyawar ƙasa, tare da tonon ƙasa na farko. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da tyrsa ba, tunda yana kaiwa ga acidification ƙasa.
Kuna iya rufe inabi don hunturu ta hanyoyi daban-daban: ta amfani da bambaro, shimfiɗa, ganye, ƙasa
Tsari don inabi dole ne a shirya ta wannan hanyar da lokacin daskarewa ruwa narke, icing na shuka rhizomes za a iya kauce masa. Itacen itacen inabi, wanda yake da isasshen sassauci, an lanƙashe ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da abu. Babban yadudduka an rufe shi da matattakan ciyawa, kuma don manyan rassa sukan yi gidaje daga allon ko kuma aljihunan.
Bidiyo: tsara inabi ga hunturu
A lokacin da fruiting faruwa
Daya daga cikin tambayoyin da masu sha'awar fara giya ke farawa, yaushe ne kishmish mai haske zai fara bada 'ya'ya? Zai iya zama abin ban mamaki, amma amfanin gona na wannan iri-iri tare da kulawa mai kyau da kuma yin tuwo za'a iya samun sa a shekara mai zuwa bayan dasawa. Tabbas, adadinta zai zama kaɗan, na adadin gungu, amma har yanzu zai yuwu ku ɗanɗano wannan innabi.
Cutar da kwari
Bambancin Kishmish mai haske, kamar sauran nau'ikan Turai, yana buƙatar matakan kariya daga cututtuka. Dandanawa masu girbi na bada shawara cewa ku bi waɗannan ka'idoji masu zuwa, kiyaye abin da zai kiyaye lafiyar kurangar ku:
- A lokacin kakar, ana kula da bushes sau 4 tare da fungicides (Quadris, Topaz, Strobi, Bordeaux ruwa).
- Ana aiwatar da gwagwarmaya da mildew ta amfani da maganin Nitrafen ko baƙin ƙarfe, a cikin umarnin umarnin magunguna.
- A kan kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta-fungal, ƙwayar Bordeaux, Polychome ko chloroxide jan karfe (3%) ana amfani da su.
- Idan an samo oidium akan bushes, ana amfani da maganin colloidal sulfur (100 g da lita 10 na ruwa).
- A cikin hunturu, ana yayyafa ƙasa a kewayen gonar inabin tare da Nitrafen ko sulfate baƙin ƙarfe (3%).
Ofaya daga cikin cututtukan nau'in innabi da yawa shine mildew, don magance abin da suke amfani da maganin baƙin ƙarfe sulfate ko Nitrafen
Kwayoyin kwaro na iya lalata bushes na Kishmish mai haskakawa kuma suna lalata amfanin gona. Don guje wa ɓarna da berriesan itacen berries, dole ne a cire gungu akan lokaci, da nisantar ɗanɗanar 'ya'yan itacen. Yawancin tambayoyin za a iya kai hari ta hanyar wadannan kwari: ciyawar ganye, fleas, weevils, da sauransu A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar amfani da irin waɗannan kwayoyi kamar Nitrafen, Fozalon, Chlorophos.
Bidiyo: cututtukan innabi da sarrafawa
'Yan lambu suna bita game da iri-iri
Kishmish Radiant - kyawawan 'ya'yan inabi masu kyau. Gunguron sa kawai mamakin hasashe tare da masu girma dabam - lokacin da na fara ganin goga, nan da nan ban gaskanta cewa ana iya girma SUCH idan kun rayu ba a yankunan kudu ba! Amma girman bunch yana wasa da wargi mai ban dariya tare da iri-iri - bunch bashi da lokacin da zai girma gaba ɗaya, saboda haka yana buƙatar taqaitaccen 1/3 koda a lokacin fure. Kuma wannan iri-iri har ila yau yana da hasara guda ɗaya - ba tsayayyen sanyi mai ƙarfi na tushen tsarin ba, amma, cikin sa'a, ana iya kawar da wannan ɓarkewar sauƙin - kawai kuna buƙatar dasa shuki ɗaya a kan jari mai tsananin sanyi. In ba haka ba, inabi suna da kyau!
Elena//sortoved.ru/vinograd/sort-vinograda-kishmish-luchistyj.html
Yayi matukar farin ciki da Kishmish mai haske, shugaban rikakken kishmish, tsayayye, mai kayatarwa, ruwan hoda da kuma nutmeg. It'sari yana da daraja kuma ba gf. Kullum nakan sami amfanin gona, sabanin ɓarkewar shekara-shekara na Veles (vomits shekaru 4 a jere ba tausayi). Ina ji an undeservedly manta iri-iri. Yawancin waɗanda suka ƙaurace wa litattafan soji sun yi nadama sannan suka soke sabbin abubuwan da suka zama ɓoye duwatsun ƙarƙashin ruwa.
zrt//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=413&page=203
A cikin gonarmu, Radish kishmish yana haɓaka tun daga 90s. Sunan tushe, Ban ga wani ciwo ba a lokacin ragewa. Yana mamaki tare da haɓaka mai ƙarfi da amsa ga kulawa mai kyau. A bara, lambobin sun tabbata a ranar 15 ga Agusta (farkon ƙarshen watan Agusta), a fili, tsarin zafin jiki ya taka rawa. Duk da kwatancen juriya na sanyi, zan iya cewa: wannan hunturu ya kasance -35 ° C (matsakaicin fina-finai), Bulgaria raisins ta damu da ita, girma kusa. Radiant raisins Bloom kamar bai taba ba.
Bitrus//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=49.0
Bayan da kuka yanke shawarar dasa Kishmish mai haske, lallai ne ku kula da samuwar daji, mafaka da inabi domin hunturu, ku samar masa da rigakafin zamani da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari. A wannan yanayin kawai mutum zai iya yin la'akari da haɓaka al'ada da kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace har tsawon shekaru.
