Hutun bazara ya gabato. Guzberi daji beckons tare da manyan manyan berries. Idan wannan tsoho ne, mai amfani, amma tsararren daji, mai yiwuwa sananne game da Kwanan wata zai zo. Haɗin haɗuwa mai ban mamaki na launi mai kyau na berries da madaidaiciya mai ɗaci tare da sourness. Kuma yaya daji yake ɗaure da 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar bishiyar Kirsimeti da kayan wasa! Kwanan wata mai suna oxymoron ne, wanda ke da kyakkyawar walwala ana kiran shi da sunan arewacin "suna" zafi ". Koyaya, dabarar ta yi aiki kaɗan. An san nau'ikan iri-iri na dogon lokaci kuma ya sami natsuwa a cikin makircin, amma ba za a iya samun wannan ta hanyar suna ba.
Tarihin girma gooseberries Phenicia
A cewar wasu rahotanni, an san gooseberries a cikin Turai kusan tun lokacin prehistoric. An fara yin amfani da ganyen berries a Faransa tun karni na sha uku, amma shahararrun Ingilishi suka sami nasara a karni na sha tara. Yanayin dumin danshi da laima na "ƙasar tarnaki" ya juya ya zama kyawawa don nadin sabbin nau'ikan 'ya'yan itace wanda bushes na Ingilishi ya mamaye babban yanki a Turai kuma ya bazu zuwa yankin Amurka. Shahararren gooseberries shine sanadin mutuwarsa. Daga Amurka zuwa Turai masu baƙar fata na mildew na Amurka, an kawo ɗakunan karatu mai amfani.
Sabbin nau'ikan zamani sune sakamakon tsallake tsohon nau'in Turai tare da goseberries na Amurka masu girma da ke tsayayya da ɗakunan labarun duniyar. Sabbin nau'ikan da ba su da nauyin juriya suna da tsayayya wa ɗakin ɗakin karatu, amma Fenikiya, abin takaici, wannan cutar ta shafi shi kuma yana da ƙaya. An san iri-iri iri na dogon lokaci, ana daukar shi "zabin jama'a".
Bayanin sa
Guzberi Phenicus siffa tsayi, yaduwa, har zuwa mita biyu high bushes. Harbe arcuate mai lankwasa ko madaidaiciya (dangane da wurin), an rufe shi da duniyoyi guda banda na fi. Yana da tsarin tushe mai ƙarfi wanda ke shimfidawa zuwa zurfin akalla mita biyu.
Ganyen suna matsakaici ne ko babba, kore, ya bambanta a sikirin da ciyawar fure da furanni. Furannin furanni ne matsakaici, tare da ƙaramin fure mai launin kore-kore. Mafi sau da yawa, furanni ba su da aure, ƙasa da kullun ita ce goge biyu mai goge biyu.
Daji ya kafa rassa
A gooan itace na bishiyoyi masu yalwar itace suna girke berries mai nauyin har zuwa g 20. Su m ne ko kuma sun kewaya a siffar, kusan na sihiri ne, koren launuka a launi, ba matsar ƙwaya. M kwasfa mai laushi da aka rufe da ruwan shuɗi. Ta gefen hasken rana, tsananin zafin abin ya kai duhu. Ganyen litattafan fure kore ne, mai laushi, tare da ɗanɗano mai daɗi, yana da halayyar halayya. Abun sukari har zuwa 9%.
Daga dukkan nau'in guzberi, mafi girma berries suna cikin kwanan wata, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiranta Goliath.
Ana amfani da Berry don yin jelly, adana, marinades. Wine da aka yi daga kwanakin yana da launi mai yalwar launuka da dandano mai kyau. Don kiyayewa, ana girbe berries a mataki na balaga na fasaha, gwargwadon bazara, daga ƙarshen Yuli zuwa tsakiyar watan Agusta. Bishiya mai laushi ya sa ya yiwu a kwashe berries.
Don amfani da tebur, babu buƙatar girbi nan da nan, kamar yadda 'ya'yan itacen cikakke ba su fadi kuma ya kasance a kan rassan har zuwa makonni uku ba tare da daidaitawa kan ingancin ba.
Halin iri daban-daban
Iesungiyoyi iri-iri:
- Budewa ta bushe: ana girbe berries dangane da sauyin yanayi a tsakiyar ko ƙarshen watan Agusta.
- Kai-da-rai: da ikon samar da wani kwai bayan pollinating furanni tare da pollen na da dama.
- Bada yawan amfanin ƙasa: yana bada kimanin kilogram 8-13 na berries daga daji.
- Cikakken 'ya'yan itace na daji yana farawa daga shekaru 4-5.
Tare da ƙaƙƙarfan laima ko ƙasa mai laushi don cin nasara sferotekoy. Tare da rare plantings da isasshen haske, kawai fi na harbe shafi.
A iri-iri ne da tsayayya wa zazzabi hawa hawa, na iya jure yanayin sanyi na talatin. Godiya ga tsarin tushe mai karfi, yana mayar da martani cikin rashin ruwa. Halin da ke tattare da rashin ruwa shine mafi muni, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar shuka Phenicum kusa da abin da ya faru na ruwan ƙasa da ƙananan ƙasashe.
A iri ne da mamaki tenacious. Bushes na shekara 20 ko 25 yana ba da cikakken amfanin gona. A cewar lambu, ya fi tsayi fruiting mai yiwuwa ne.
Tare da kyakkyawar kulawa da bin ka'idodin aikin gona daga bushes na manya, har zuwa kilo 20-25 na amfanin gona ake girbe
A juye daga cikin iri-iri ne mara kyau jure wa Sphere ɗakin karatu. Agesarancin rashin ƙarfi: ƙarshen ripening, kasancewar ƙaya. Bonuses: haɓaka mai girma, "tsawon rai", juriya ga sanyi da fari, matsakaicin girman da dandano mai daɗi na berries, adana su na tsawon lokaci a kan reshe.
Siffofin dasawa da kulawa
Don tabbatar da amfanin gona mai inganci mai inganci, gooseberries suna buƙatar isasshen hasken da ƙasa takin ƙasa. Ganin bayyanar daji: yaduwa, tsayi, da yadda ƙarfin tushen tsarin yake a cikin Kwanan wata, sun dasa babban yanki na wannan ire-ire.
Saukowa kamar haka:
- An zaɓi yanki mai haske sama da matakin ruwan ƙasa. An fi son acidic ko ƙasa tsaka tsaki. Idan makircin acidic ne, kuna buƙatar deoxidize shi a gaba ta ƙara gari dolomite. Gooseberries girma da kyau a kan loam ko yashi loam kasa.
- An shirya rami don dasawa a cikin kaka. Rijiyoyin sun haƙa nisan nisan mita biyu a cikin hanyoyin kuma aƙalla mita ɗaya da rabi a jere. A bu mai kyau yin la’akari da cewa kusancin kusancin bishiyoyi ‘yan itace ne wanda ba a son shi ga Kwanan wata, kamar yadda tushen su zai iya hana Tushen gooseberries. Matsakaicin gwargwadon rami shine 60x60 cm, zurfin kuma shine 40-50 cm.
- Don cikakken haɓakawa da haɓaka ɗan itace na daji, ramin dasa yana cike da taki mai ruɓa, aƙalla ɗaya guga, 150 g na superphosphate, 40-50 g na potassium nitrate ko kuma ƙara yawan ash na ƙara.
- An sani cewa a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi mai nauyi, Tushen suna zaune a sama, don haka ana ƙara haɗa yashi zuwa cikin cakuda ƙasa-gandun daji, haɓaka kayan ƙera na ƙasa da sauƙaƙe shigar azzakarin cikin tushen yadudduka.
- Bayan dasawa, an shayar da daji sosai a cikin nauyin 1 guga a kowace rami.
- Ciyawa tare da humus, ash ko Pine needles don hana fitowar ruwa kuma ya kare daga kwari.
Gooseberries za a iya dasa a cikin bazara, amma wasu 'yan lambu sun yi imani da cewa a lokacin dasa shuki, kafin sanyi, daji ya mallaki tushe, kuma a cikin bazara akwai girma da haɓaka.
Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka gooseberries a fall
A cikin farkon shekara bayan dasa, idan har cewa saiti rami ne cike da isasshen taki, gooseberries an daina hadu. Hankali yana saukowa zuwa lokaci-lokaci na girki. Suna ƙoƙarin aiwatar da pruning pruning a cikin fall, saboda haka cewa a cikin bazara ba su cutar da harbe sake. Kuma a cikin bazara kawai ya raunana da sanyi rauni twigs an cire. Daga cikin harbe sifilin girma daga tushen, bar biyu ko uku daga cikin mafi ƙarfi, an cire sauran.
A cikin daji da aka kafa da kyau, ya kamata a gabatar da rassa na shekaru daban-daban don rayuwar shuka. Tushewar wannan shekara yana samar da daji tare da harbe harbe, wanda zai ba da amfanin gona a gaba. Mafi yawan rassan fruiting daga shekaru uku zuwa biyar. Suna samar da kashin daji. Rassan da suka girmi shekaru 6-7 ana yin su.
Bidiyo: Itace kaka ta 'ya'yan gooseberries
Don hana cututtukan fungal a farkon bazara, ana zubar guzberi da currant bushes tare da ruwan zãfi. Ruwan shawa mai zafi yana kare ba kawai daga mildew na Amurka ba, amma kuma, bisa ga mazaunin rani, daga wasu kwari.
Bidiyo: yanayin bazara na bushes tare da ruwan zãfi
Yin aiki da ruwan zãfi baya cire ɗakin ɗakin karatu mai ɗauka, amma yana takama da farkon cutar. Don rigakafin laburaren Sphere, an kuma bada shawarar:
- A farkon bazara, fesa bushes tare da bayani na 1% na sulfate na jan karfe ko ruwa na Bordeaux.
- A cikin fall, bi da tare da mayar da hankali urea bayani a cikin kudi na 600 g da 10 l na ruwa.
- A cikin bazara, fesa bushes tare da jiko na slurry. Don 1 kilogiram na taki, ƙara 10 l na ruwa, Mix da kyau, tace kuma aiwatar da bushes. Ana amfani da Sludge a matsayin taki.
- Yi amfani da don spraying wani jiko na ash. A cikin guga mai lita 10 kuna buƙatar zuba kilogiram na ash na 1.5, ƙara ruwa kuma nace har sati guda, to ku ƙaddara, ƙara 50 g na sabul ɗin wanki don adhesion kuma ku bi da bushes.
- Yi amfani da Fitosporin a matsayin kariya na halitta akan naman gwari.
Noma na yau da kullun na da'irar kusa-da'ira da kuma weeds na ciyawa suna taɓar da haɓakar gooseberries, suna da amfani mai amfani ga ci gabanta da hana cututtuka. Idan, duk da haka, ɗakin karatu mai tsayi ya buga gooseberries, ƙazantattun dabarun da harbe, ganye da berries ana cire su da kyau suna ƙone su. A wannan yanayin, dangane da tsananin rauni, ana amfani da ɗayan magungunan:
- Topaz
- Vectra;
- Alirin;
- Quadrix;
- Nitrafen No. 125.
Duk waɗannan magungunan suna gurɓace kuma ana amfani dasu daidai da umarnin, kiyaye matakan tsaro. Don spraying amfani kawai freshly shirye mafita, ba daga baya fiye da makonni uku kafin girbi berries.
Lamburan ra'ayoyi
Sannu, watakila wani zai taimaka wajen magance iri iri na gooseberries Kwanan wata. Na nuna iri-iri na musamman: wannan nau'in ya ba da ɗan ƙaramin harbe-harbe kaɗan (sifili), amma rassan suna da kyau. An sayi daji a farkon bazara, ɗan shekara 3, ZKS, akwai harbe ɓoye 4, ba a yanka komai lokacin sauka. Yanzu akwai irin wannan hoto: an bar ɓoyayyen ɓoyi 4, a cikin bazarar da ta gabata na ba da yawa na farko-umarnin harbe, kowane game da tsawon mita. Kuma ga dukkanin harbe 4 na sifiri, fiɗa ya ba da harbe 3 zuwa hudu na 20-30 cm, kai tsaye daga filo. Ban san abin da ya kamata a yanke harbe ba, babu daskararre da fashe harbe.
Sherg. Wuri: Mosco, yin mãkirci a wani ƙauye kusa da Serpukhov//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1690&start=720
Sherg, mai kyau iri-iri. Ya dube M.A. Pavlova kuma a cikin kundin tarihin Timiryazevsky game da shi. Yana da berries har zuwa 20g, kuma nawa yana da ƙasa da Krasnoslavyanskiy (watau kasa da 6g aka samu). Ta hanyar balaga: nawa - girbi a ƙarshen Yuli-farkon watan Agusta, Phenicum - cikakken balaga - a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Ee, da kuma sauran nau'ikan bambance-bambance: ƙayacina kaɗan ne, ganye ba a yanke su ba, filayen furen ba su tsiro bane.
Zaryanka. Wuri: Matafa//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1690&start=780
Kwanan wata Yankin Turai ne, amfanin gona ya kan mayar da hankali ne akan itace 2-5 shekara, mafi yawan adadin berries yana kan itace mai shekaru 3. Kamar yadda na fahimce shi, dajin ka yana da shekara 4 kuma baya buƙatar girki. Abinda kawai za a iya yi shi ne cire rassan rauni, bar mafi ƙarfi, Berry zai zama mafi girma a kansu. Da kyau, idan daji yana thickened, wanda ba a iya tsammani ba, to, kuma yin oda, a yanka rauni harbe bar karfi.
Sergey T. Daga: Tver//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1690&start=720
margo1479 yace: ↑ Shin akwai wanda ya ji labarin wata dabino da ayaba? Na fahimci cewa wannan ba zai yiwu ba, amma shekaru uku da suka wuce na sayi wannan a kasuwa (sun faɗi cewa seedling daga cikin gandun Michurinsky). Anan ga daji yana girma, amma babu kwanuka, babu gooseberries a kai. Koda mafi yawan ba'a. Kuma bai yi fure ba
:)] Da alama a gare ni, muna magana ne game da tsohuwar iri na Phenicia, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da kwanakin (kamar, alal misali, nau'in innabi na Ural - zuwa inabi). A iri-iri, bisa ga sake dubawa, shi ne fruitful, quite dadi, marigayi, sosai shafi powdery mildew. Dangane da haka, ya zama dole ko dai don ƙona daji, ko aiwatar da Topaz. Na dasa shi a ƙarshen faɗuwa saboda ƙarshen fruiting, Ina so in tsayar da lokacin cinye sabo ne na berries.
Donkey Eeyore. Adireshin: Moscow//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14888/page-25
Na sami bayanin kula a kan wannan aji a kan rukunin yanar gizo
Kwarewar 'yan lambu daga sanannen ƙauyen "guzberi" na ƙauyen Vargan, a cikin yankin Nizhny Novgorod na Rasha, abune mai mahimmanci. Suna al'ada girma kawai gooseberries daya iri - Phenicia. Babu wani daga cikin mazaunan ƙauyen da ya riga ya tuna daidai lokacin da kuma inda ya fito daga nan, amma yana da wuya a sami ƙasa da bushes 50 a cikin lambun maigidan. Mafi mahimmanci, bushes guzberi ba sa yin rashin lafiya a can. Kuma duk godiya ga ingantaccen tsarin kariyar shuka. Asalinsa mai sauki ne. A cikin bazara, an ajiye buhuna da yawa na taki a ƙarƙashin kowane daji. A lokacin bazara, ana shayar da bushes sau uku tare da slurry, kuma bayan girbi rassan da ganyayyaki suna fesa tare da shi. Sakamakon yana da ban mamaki. Daga shekara zuwa shekara a ƙauyen karɓa mai yawa na duhu ja berries girman irin goro, daga daji suna tattarawa har zuwa kilogiram 20.
silyia Kawa. Adireshin: yankin Cherkasy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=5317
Wani yana ɗaukar Guzberi Phenicia hotbed of a Sphere library, amma ga wani wannan ba matsala bane - kuma babu lokacin bazara ba tare da duhu mai duhu ba. Gaskiyar magana ita ce, wannan nau'in ya bar babu wanda ke kulawa.
