Orange a gida ko yadda ake shuka ɗaki rana

Orange a kan windowsill, a gefe guda, na iya zama kamar wuce haddi, a ɗayan kuma, wasiya ce ga ƙudurin ɗan adam. Siyan 'ya'yan itatuwa citrus a babban kanti yana da sauƙi, amma ba damuwa. Yin shuka itace na gaske a gida abin farin ciki ne ga mashahuri, wanda zai iya haƙuri da jira.

Babban iri da nau'ikan lemu na cikin gida

Oranarancin lemu na girma a cikin gida, saboda sun dace da kulawa. Dwarf iri iri mai tsayi har zuwa 1.5 m sun shahara, tare da matsakaici-tsayi (2-4 m) matsalolin tuni sun tashi.

Alaka na cikin gida sun kasu gida biyu:

• haske tare da nama mai lemun tsami (na al'ada da na ɗumbi, suna da hakora ko 'yar' yar tsiro a saman babban underan itacen a ƙarƙashin fata). Popular iri:
  • Washington - ba tare da sarƙaƙƙiya ba, ta girma har zuwa m 2. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a shekara, lemu masu zaki suna girma a cikin hunturu; sun kasance basu da asali, masu nauyin daga 200 zuwa 500 g; na iya kasancewa kan rassan har tsawon watanni 3;
  • 'ya'yan itãcen marmari iri-iri Merlin sun kasance karami - har zuwa 250 g, amma ɗaya mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai ban sha'awa; ripen a watan Janairu; m;
• Korolkovye (Sicilian) - 'ya'yan itãcen marmari tare da jan ɓangaren litattafan almara. Laushin da ba na yau da kullun don orange ba ne kawai halayyar halayen ɗan adam ne kuma ba ya tasiri da dandano. Rashin daidaituwa na ma'ana cewa tayin bai isa ba tukuna. Iri:
  • Kinglet misali ne na wannan rukunin. Dwarf sapling tare da kambi na pyramidal. Thean itace na burgundy ne, mara nauyi ne. Anyi amfani dashi don yin ruwan 'ya'yan itace;
  • Fragola (strawberry) - wani iri-iri ne mai girman girma, hunturu-Hardy. Yana Bears fruiting a karo na biyu rabin Disamba. Jiki na da ruwan lemo, amma jan abubuwa na iya fitowa a cikin 'ya'yan itaciyar.

Hoton hoto: nau'ikan nau'ikan lemu

Ripening lemu mai watanni 7-9. A cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke, bawo ya zama halayen orange ko launin shuɗi. Idan ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka tono bai fadi, ba a yankar ta ba har tsawon wasu watanni 1-2, domin a karshe aka samar da dandano.

Dasa kuma kula da lemu mai zaki

Kula da lemo ba zai dauki lokaci mai yawa da himma ba.

Preparationasa shiri

Orange fi son haske dan kadan acidic ko tsaka tsaki ƙasa (pH - daga 6 zuwa 7). Dasa matasa sprouts a cikin ƙasa, ba a takamaimansa - muddin shuka yana da isasshen abubuwan gina jiki, Tushen sa zai yi girma, yana lura da tukunyar cikin tukunyar. A cikin ƙasa mai yalwatad da yawa, Tushen suna "laushi", haɓaka talauci.

Recipes na kayan abinci:

• 2 sassan turf + 1 ɓangare na humus (daga saniya ko taki doki), ƙasa mai yashi da yashi. Ga bishiyoyin da aka dasa: sassa 3 na ƙasa turf + 1 ɓangare na humus da ƙasa mai ganye, adadin yashi ana iya barinsa ɗaya ko a rage shi da rabi;
• turf + ganye + peat ƙasar + dung humus + yashi a daidai sassa na dasa shuki matasa orange. Don dasawa da ya girma a shuka, yawan ofasar turf yana ninki biyu;
• 2 sassa na sod ƙasar + 3 sassan ganye humus + 1 ɓangare na dung humus + 1.5 sassan yashi;
• ƙasar lambun + yashi + peat a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1;
• peat da kuma shirye da aka yi da ƙasa na musamman daidai gwargwado.

Za'a iya amfani da ƙasa mai shiri don ɗaukar abubuwa a matsayin ɗayan kayan haɗin

Ruwan bulo, buhun dutse, yumbu da aka fadada tare da nisan kusan 2 cm an aza shi a gindin tukunyar .. Don kada ruwan "ya fadi" ta hanyar magudanar ruwa kuma dunkin dajin ya hadu a kai, ana zuba sandar 1.5 cm a saman. Duniya an mulched da daskararre (sphagnum) ko rotted taki.

Saukowa

Ana amfani da tsaba waɗanda aka shuka sabo ne kawai don dasa shuki. A cikin zafin jiki na 18-22 ° C, za su yi girma cikin kimanin mako biyu.

Algorithm na ayyuka:

1. A kasan gilashin ko yanke kwalabe na filastik, an sanya magudanar ruwa, an cika shi da canjin peat da ƙasa mai siye (1: 1), taushi.
2. An binne tsaba 1 cm a cikin girma na 5 cm kuma a nesa na 3 cm daga bangon.
3. Matasa seedlings suna thinned fita, girma a cikin wani karamin-greenhouse: da kofuna waɗanda aka rufe da na biyu da rabi na kwalbar ko daura a cikin jakar filastik. Don hana jaka ta daidaita, an saka ƙananan almara na waya a cikin ƙasa.
4. Ana sanya kwantena a wuri mai haske, da nisantar hasken rana kai tsaye; iska a kullum tsawon rabin sa'a.
   

   Dole ne a kiyaye harbe mai mara karfi daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

5. A cikin lokaci na ganye guda biyu, lemu sun nutse cikin kwantena daban, suna ƙoƙarin diba tushen tare da ƙasa. Diamita na sabon tukunya ne aƙalla cm 10. Cika: substrate + ƙasa ƙasan.
6. Shuke-shuke da tsayin 15-20 cm ana watsa su ta hanyar jigilar su zuwa cikin sabon tukwane.

Germinate tsaba kuma a cikin tawul ɗin takarda mai rigar, sanya shi cikin jakar filastik. Lanƙwasa zuwa 2 cm tsaba suna makale a cikin ƙasa.

Bidiyo: yadda ake shuka orange

Watse

Orange ana shayar akai-akai, amma da yalwa, daga sama. Bayyanar ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi yana nufin cewa dunƙule dunƙule ya cika tare da duka. Excessarfin ta ya ragu. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da ruwan sama mai laushi da ruwan dusar ƙanƙara, laushi mai laushi (5 g na citric acid ko 4-5 saukad da Acetic acid a lita 1 na ruwa); ruwa yana gudana a cikin akwati buɗe don akalla a rana. Mitar yawan ruwa yana dogara da yanayin cikin gida. Lokaci ya yi da za a sha ruwa yayin da babban murfin substrate ya zama rabin yatsa bushe, kuma tukunya ta zama mafi sauƙin.

Don haka dunƙule na dunƙule ya cika da danshi a zaɓi, zaɓi tukwane waɗanda suke daidai da tsayi da faɗi ko kuma diamita mafi girma nesa.

Aƙalla sau 3 a mako, ana fitar da lemo daga kwalbar fesa, a cikin yanayi mai zafi ana yin wannan kullun. Soothes itace a cikin inuwa, saboda kowane digo na ruwa a rana ya juya zuwa ruwan tabarau kuma yana iya tsokanar da kananan-ganyen ganye. A kowane wata, goge ganyen ruwan lemo da kayan bushewa ko shawa. Don yin wannan, kunsa tukunya da cellophane, ɗaure shi kusa da akwati domin ruwan famfo ya faɗo cikin ƙasa, ya kuma shayar da ruwa mai sanyi.

Haske

Hasken rana mai haske ko na wucin gadi mai kyau yana tasiri ga ci gaban harbe da asalinsu, yalwataccen fure da ƙoshin 'ya'yan itatuwa. Haske na rana kai tsaye suna da haɗari, waɗanda ke fama da 'ya'yan itacen citta a kan windowsillill: ganye yana ƙonewa kuma ya bushe, Tushen a cikin tukunyar tukunyar overheat. Haske mai haske haske ko labule mai canzawa zai watsa hasken. Don haka dunƙulewar ƙurar ƙasa ba ta zafi, yi amfani da tukwane masu launi, saita su ƙasa da matakin windowsill. Ana ba da isashshen wuta tare da hasken rana tsawon sa'o'i 12 zuwa 15.

Saboda harbe ya sami hasken rana daidai daidai, itaciyar tana jujjuya sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 10 by 10 ° (an juyo da alamar a kan tukunyar).

Yanayin hunturu

Awanni na hasken rana a damina da damuna suna gajarta, Citrus yana saurin haɓakawa kuma ya faɗi cikin yanayin bacci. Ana ajiye shi a cikin daki mai yawan zafin jiki na 5-8 ° C ba tare da haske mai haske ba. Idan babu dakin sanyi, ana tsawaita tsire na ranar wucin gadi har zuwa awanni 12-14 ta amfani da kyandir ko biolamps. Canjin canji mai zafi, lokacin da aka canza shuka daga ɗakin sanyi zuwa ɗakin mai sanyi ta bazara, na iya haifar da girgiza da ganye a ciki. Sabili da haka, Tushen "farka" - ana shayar da kusan ruwan zafi, kuma an yayyafa kambi tare da sanyi - har danshi ya ƙafe a hankali.

Mai jan tsami

Ana yin daskararrun abubuwa don ingantaccen saka iri, gina taro mai koren kore. Wannan yana kawo lokacin '' fruiting 'kusa kuma yana bada shuka karfin' 'daure' 'amfanin gona. Kambi na iya zama dabam dabam (zagaye, daji, dabino), amma galibi ana yin bishiyoyi na cikin gida "zagaye." Yanke tsakiyar shine yanke a matakin 20-25 cm daga ƙasa, wanda ke ƙarfafa ci gaban harbe. A kan rassan kwarangwal uku ko hudu, harbe na tsari na biyu zai samar, da sauransu har zuwa harbe na huɗu. Kowane sabon tsari na rassan an yanke shi zuwa tsawon 15-20 cm.

Orange a cikin greenhouse

Girma orange a cikin gidan kore ba ya buƙatar takamaiman yanayi - waɗannan ƙananan bishiyoyi iri ɗaya ne a cikin tukwane ko kananun wuta kamar na windowsill. Amma, ba kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida ba, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna karɓar ƙarin haske, iska mai tsabta, kuma ana bambanta su da kyakkyawan lafiya. Daga cikin korayen da ba a cika amfani da su ba tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, ana kawo citrus a cikin dakin. Idan an binne greenhouse a kasa mai daskarewa na duniya, akwai dumama da haske, tsirrai na iya girma a cikin ƙasa tsawon shekara kuma suna iya yin hunturu ko da-35 ° C a waje.

Yadda ake girma Citrus akan titi

Ba zai yiwu a yi tsiro na cikin gida a cikin ƙasa ba a cikin yanayin Yankin Moscow, Siberiya ko, alal misali, a yankin Arewa maso Yamma. Tsire-tsire masu sauyin yanayi za su yi sauri “tanƙwara” a cikin mawuyacin yanayin su. Amma zaku iya fitar da tukwane na lemu a cikin iska mai kyau. An sanya su a ƙarƙashin kariyar bishiyoyi masu tsayi, suna ɓoyewa daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Abu ne mai sauki mu fesa a titi. A wannan lokacin, ana bincika citrus tare da kulawa ta musamman ga kwari. Kafin barazanar sanyaya, an kawo tukwane cikin ɗakin.

Hoto na hoto: inda za a sanya lemu

Yadda ake takin daki mai zaki

Mafi kyawun takin don orange - shirye-shiryen takaddun takaddun da aka saya a cikin shaguna na musamman. Ana shirya maganin aiki bisa ga umarnin kuma ana amfani dashi kai tsaye idan ba'a nuna rayuwar shiryayye ba. Babban ka'idojin ciyarwa:

• Zai fi kyau a kasance mai hankali ba tare da isar da labari ba - orange zai iya wahala matsanancin yawa daga takin mai magani, kuma tsire-tsire "ɗan ƙasa" zai tashi da ƙarancin malaise.
• Top miya ne da za'ayi bayan watering kada su ƙone asalinsu.
• Bayan dasawa, ana dasa ciyawar ne bayan watanni 1.5-2.

Rashin rauni da lemu marasa lafiya basa ciyarwa. Hakanan an iyakance takin ta:

• daga farkon saitin fruita fruitan itace da haɓakawa zuwa girman hazelnut don kada taro mai yawa na ovaries;
• a lokacin dormant (ana dakatar dasu ko kuma an rage su zuwa 1 lokaci na wata daya, idan shuka tayi overwinters a cikin dumi tare da ƙarin haske).

Sau da yawa ana yin suttura ta yau da kullun sau 2-3 a wata a cikin tsawon girma lokacin orange daga Maris zuwa Oktoba - Nuwamba. Don saukakawa, sanya kalanda inda ake yin bikin ma'adinan, takin gargajiya da hadaddun takaddun. Da takin mai magani daidai tare da nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus, alal misali, daga jerin Fasco, ana zaɓa. Ana iya shirya hanyoyin maganin halitta (mullein, droppings tsuntsu) da kansa:

1. 1/3 damar cike da albarkatun kasa.
2. Sama sama da ruwa. Bayan ruwan cakuda ya cika, sai ya daina kumfa.
3. Tsarma bayani da ruwa a gwargwado na 1:10 (1:20 - don tsullen tsuntsu).

Tsakanin saman miya an shayar da orange:

• masu tsara ci gaban, alal misali, Gumi-20, Ribav-Karin;
• wani kodadde ruwan hoda bayani na potassium permanganate (watering ne da za'ayi a cikin duhu daki, saboda potassium da sauri dagas decomposes a cikin haske);
• jiko na itace ash (saro 1 tbsp. l. ash a cikin 1 l na ruwa);
• vitriol (1-2 g da 1 lita na distilled ruwa);
• gulu na itace (2 g na manne ana dafa shi a cikin lita 1 na ruwa har sai ya zama ruwa, an shuka tsiron kuma an shayar da shi; bayan sa'a ɗaya, ƙasa tana kwance).

A matsayin babban riguna, yi amfani da kwasfa banana a kowane fanni, an riga an wanke shi da ruwan zafi:

• an ɗora sababbin fatun da aka zartar a jikin magudanar ruwa, an rufe duniya.
• jiko na konkoma karãtunsa fãtun - a cikin 1 lita na ruwa sa 2-3 banana "murfin". Nace don kwanaki da yawa, tace, tsarma tare da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1: 1;
• kananan guntun launuka na sabo ne an shimfiɗa su a bisa duniya kuma aka yayyafa su a kai.

Ciyar da orange tare da kwasfa banana shine ra'ayin da ke haifar da wasu damuwa. A gefe guda, banana ya ƙunshi yawancin ƙwayar potassium, taki akan shi yana da kyakkyawan sakamako a kan tushen cittar. A gefe guda, ba a san wane nau'in sunadarai ba ke rufe daga lalacewa kuma ko za a iya wanke shi ba tare da wata alama ba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙanshin mai daɗi zai jawo hankalin kwari tare da magnet.

Idan lemo ya ci gaba da tabarbarewa, ana yin miya foliar, yana ba Tushen lokaci:

1. An tukunya tukunya a cikin polyethylene, an ɗaura shi kusa da akwati.
2. Nitsar da kambi a cikin maganin maganin nitrogen a cikin taro don fesawa na minti 20-30.

Abin da za a yi tare da yawan yawan takin gargajiya

Idan yawan abin sha ya wuce ko amfani da takin zamani, orange zai iya yin rashin lafiya ya watsar da ganyayyaki masu lafiya. An sake farfado da shuka ta hanyar wanke duniya, yayin da za'a iya cire babban Layer. Babban mahimmin hanya shine cewa yawan ruwa yana gudana ta hanyar nauyi ta dunƙule, yana wanke abubuwa marasa amfani. An bar ruwa ya malale sosai kuma an komar da tukwane zuwa ainihin inda suke.

Abin mamaki, bayan irin wannan wankin, ruwan ya fara barin mafi kyau (amma ƙasa na, ana iya cewa yana da haske, kusan ba tare da yumɓu ba), kowane tsiro ɗaya ya haifar da haɓaka, kuma abin ban haushi shine cewa ganyayyakin haɓaka suna kama da na al'ada da launi, koda a can baya wannan, yalwatattun abubuwa suna haɓaka saboda karancin potassium. Da alama saboda tsawaita magudanar ruwa, ƙasa ta zama cikakkar ... Tushen yayi girma da kyau. Haka ne, yana da ban sha'awa cewa ban sassare farfajiyar ƙasa ba bayan ban ruwa, kuma murƙushewa ba su haifar da wata hanya ba, akasin haka, ruwan ban ruwa ya fita da sauri fiye da da.

Jah Boris

//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/1786-promyvka-grunta-vodnye-protcedury-dlia-zemli/

Yadda ake juya Citrus

Ana aiwatar da jujjuya ruwan lemo ta amfani da hanyar daskarewa:

• a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa sau 2-3;
• har zuwa shekara 5 na shekara shekara;
• daga shekaru 5, don ci gaba, ana gudanar da aikin tare da tsawan lokaci 1 a cikin shekaru 2-3, amma an fara sabunta ganyen daga tushen har sau da yawa.

Lokaci mafi kyau shine a watan Janairu - farkon watan Fabrairu.

Aikin Takawa kamar haka:

1. Suna ɗora hannayensu a ƙasa, suna wucewa da gangar jikin ruwan lemu tsakanin zubin da yatsun tsakiya.
2. Za a juya tukunyar a juye, saman duniyan, wanda zai buƙaci a cire shi kafin tushen farko, ya yayyafa da kansa ko kuma ya narke. Idan ƙasa a cikin tukunya ya ɗan ɗanɗana, ƙwallon ƙwal zai fito da sauƙin kuma bazai faɗi baya a hannunku ba. Wannan matakin yana gudana tare da mataimaki.
3. Binciki dunƙulewar dunƙulewar danshi: idan komai ya lalace daga tushen sa, to ya zama tilas ya zama tilas. Idan Tushen ba bayyane ko sun yi birgima ba, yana nufin cewa an dasa orange a cikin babban akwati kuma dole ne a watsa shi zuwa ƙaramin, a cire tushen da ke da cuta kuma a laɓe su da gawayi. Idan akwai 'yan tushensu kuma suna da lafiya, ba a dasa tsiron.
   

   Idan tushen an rufe shi da dunƙule, ƙwaya tana buƙatar dasawa
4. An juya tsire, an saka shi cikin sabon tukunya mai kafa 2-3 cm girma fiye da wanda ya gabata.
   

   Lokacin dasawa, curin ƙura baya lalata

5. Sun cika sarari tsakanin dunƙulewar tukunyar bangon da bangon tukunyar da sabon ƙasa, suna matsa tukunyar tukunyar ƙasa a ƙasa, suna shayar da ƙasa. Idan akwai voids, tushen ci gaban zai rikita, wanda zai haifar da rawaya na ganye har ma da faduwarsu. Tushen tushe ba a binne shi.
6. Bayan dasawa, inuwa ta orange tsawon kwanaki daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Canza tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire mai fure, wanda aka yi ta hanyar natsuwa, abu ne mai yuwu. Tare da wannan hanyar, Citrus ba ya fuskantar damuwa, yana adana buds, fure da ma 'ya'yan itatuwa, idan ƙarshen ya kasance a lokacin juyawa. A cikin aikace-aikacensa, saboda yanayin majeure, ya sami nasarar sarrafa irin wannan tsire-tsire ba tare da wani mummunan sakamako ba. Koyaya, zai fi kyau a daina yin wannan ba tare da ainihin dalilin ba.

Grigorich Maistrenko Sergey

//forum.homecitrus.ru/topic/7593-peresadka-i-perevalka-tcitrusov-kogda-i-kak-pere/

Hanyoyi don haifar da orange

A gida, ana baza yadudduka ta tsaba, grafts, cuttings da layering na iska.

Tsaba

Lingsalingsan ƙwayoyi daga ƙwaya da sauri suna dacewa da yanayin muhalli, amma sun rasa wasu kaddarorin, kuma su shiga cikin 'ya'yan itace bayan shekaru 8-10. Don haka, ana amfani dasu azaman kayan mahimmanci don hannun jari akan abin da grafts na wasu nau'in ko wasu nau'ikan citrus, ban da mandarin, an grafted. Abubuwan da suka dace sune calamondine (wani hadadden mandarin da kumquat) akan kayan zaki. Kalamondin itace madaidaiciya, mara misalai ga zafi na duniya da iska; furannin sa basa birgewa kuma basa kamshi. Itacen yana da kyau a lokacin dafawa - ana kwarara shi da kwallayen lemo, amma masoya ne kawai zasu iya nuna godiya ga ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itacen ƙanshi.

Kalamondin yana jin daɗin girma a cikin tushen orange

Alurar riga kafi

Orange mafi yawa ana alurar riga kafi ne daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu, lokacin da jari (abin da suke yiwa rigakafi) farka, da kuma scion (abin da suke yi wa allurar) yana cikin hutawa. Asiri da wuka, kazalika da wuraren rigakafin, an gurbata su; yanka baya taba hannun. Don sanya farfajiyar da aka yanke yanzun yayi kyau, zai fi kyau saka hannunku. An gyara gidajen abinci tare da kaset ɗin fim ɗin abinci, tef na lantarki; an sanya tsire a cikin karamin-greenhouse.

Cowling (peephole)

Don yin rigakafin bazara, ɗauki buds daga harbe na shekara ta yanzu, don rani - na baya. Mafi mashahuri alamar buɗe ido:

1. A kan tushe mai tsayi daga cm 5 cm daga ƙasa, an yi dunƙule tare da harafin "T", an tura haushi tare da gefen wuka. Tsawon canjin mai juyawa shine 1 cm, mai tsayi yana kimanin 2.5 cm.
2. Ganyen da ke kusa da koda ko ido yana yanke, yana barin ɗan gajeren zangon, wanda ɗan sa ya dace ya ci gaba da nauyi.
3. A nesa na 1.5 cm daga koda, ana yin juzu'ai a saman da kasa, tare da motsi ɗaya daga ƙasa zuwa sama, an yanka haushi tare da koda tsakanin notches. An riƙe wuka kusan a layi daya da harbi.
4. An kwantar da garkuwar a ƙarƙashin haushi, an gyara, saka jakar filastik, ƙulla gefuna.

Ana buƙatar wasu gogewa don kammala ginin.

Cikin shiga

Tsarin aiki

1. A tsakiyar shoot daga cikin jari an yanke zuwa da ake so tsawo na kara (a kan matsakaita 10 cm), an dungu samu.
2. Juya shi a tsakiyar zuwa zurfin kusan 2 cm.
3. An yanyan ganyen shank a cikin rabi, an yanke ƙananan sashinsa tare da weji (tsararren tsayin ya dace da zurfin tsarma a kan jari).
4. Saka hannun a cikin Ramin don kada wani voids tsakanin cambium na jari da scion.
5. Sun gyara wurin alurar riga kafi, saka jaka a saman, ɗaure shi.

Juyawar jari da scion na faruwa a cikin kusan wata guda

Yanke

Orange daga reslery resins duk varietal haruffa, 'ya'yan itace a kan matsakaita bayan shekaru 4, amma cuttings ba su da tushe a wasu iri. Don rooting cikin sauri ana buƙata:

• haske na yanayi ko inuwa amintacce;
• dumi sako-sako;
• matsakaici zafi.

A cikin ɗakin, ana sanya tukwane tare da guda akan kan ɗamarar cirewa a saman murhun, akan kabad ko a kan batirin, sanya farantin a ƙarƙashin gilashi. Sai bayan bayyanar Tushen (za su kasance a bayyane a cikin wani filastik kofin) yi yankan hankali sanannun kansu da haske.

Tsarin Cherenkovka:

1. Yanke tare da ganye 3-5 ana yanke su daga reshen reshe. Babban sashin yana shimfiɗa 5 mm sama da ƙodan babba, ƙananan sashin 2-3 mm a ƙasa.
2. Manyan ganyayyaki 2-3 na hagu, ƙananan an rage. Idan ganye na sama babba ne, ana yanke su rabi, a wannan yanayin rooting yana ɗaukar tsawon lokaci (zaku iya ƙoƙarin dasa ko da ganyayyaki ba tare da ganye ba).
3. Yankunan yankuna suna toka da Kornevin ko an saukar da ciyawar a cikin mafita ta hanyar motsawa (Heteroauxin, Kornerost, Humat, Zircon, Ecopin); ana nuna shiri da tsawon lokacin aiki a cikin umarnin.
4. Zuba ruwan magudanar ruwa, yashi da kuma cakuda vermiculite ko ƙasan da aka gama a cikin rabin tare da yashi a cikin kofin a cikin yadudduka.
5. Yanke yankan sun shiga cikin substrate zuwa zurfin 2-3 cm, ana shayar har sai ruwa ya shiga cikin kwanon
6. An shayar da ruwa, an sanya gilashin a cikin greenhouse daga kwalban, jakar filastik, sanya a cikin wurin dumi. Ba a shayar da yankan ba, saboda ana buƙatar microclimate da laima mai mahimmanci a cikin greenhouse har tsawon wata.
7. An dasa tushen da aka dasa a cikin tukwane daban, kuma sukan shirya kamannin wani greenhouse, wanda ake samun iska mai lokaci-lokaci, sannu-sannu a hankali ake shigar da tsire-tsire zuwa microclimate na dakin.
   

   Orange daga yanke zai riƙe halayen varietal

Maimaitawa

Idan an karya reshe daga kambi kuma abin takaici ne a yanke hakan kamar haka, sukanyi wani lauje a kai kuma su sami cikakkiyar shuka. A zama dole yanayin aiki SAP kwarara.

Yadda za a kwanta:

1. Bayan an ja da baya daga akwati 'yan santimita, yanki mai aiki a kan harbin yana goge daga ƙura, tare da wuka mai tsabta an yanke ƙarshen kwandon shekara na 1-2 cm.
2. An bi da yanki tare da tushen ƙarfafa.
3. An saka jaka ta filastik a yanka, an ɗaure ta ƙasa da yanke.
4. Cika jakar tare da kayan danshi mai laushi - sphagnum, ƙasa + vermiculite (1: 1), yashi a rabi tare da gansakuka; ɗaure jakar sama da yanke.
5. Bayan samuwar Tushen (za su kasance a bayyane a cikin jakar m), ana yanke harbi a karkashin jaka.
6. Tushen an fallasa, da harbe ne pruned by secateurs kusa da tushen dam, da yanke ne dusted da gawayi.
7. An dasa tatalin orange a cikin tukunya, an rufe shi da cellophane, kuma a sanya shi cikin hasken wuta.
8. Bayan makonni 2-3, ana yin yanka a jikin bangon kore don iska mai hankali a hankali ta shiga ciki kuma tsire-tsire ya dace. A lokaci mai tsawo, an cire cellophane.

Karin Magungunan Orange

Hankula na yau da kullun "maƙiyan cikin gida" na orange na cikin gida sune kwari masu zuwa:

• sikelin garkuwa. Kwaro mai kama da launin ruwan kasa; cin ruwan 'ya'yan itace salula, yana barin abin da ke da wuya mai ɗorewa;
• gizo-gizo mite. Yana yada ta cikin iska, yafi rinjayar ƙananan ɓangaren ganye, mai kama da hatsi na gari. A cikin wuraren huda ganyen tare da kaska, aibobi suna bayyana, tare da mummunan shan kashi, ganyayyaki sun fado;
• mealybug. Ya zauna a cikin axils na ganye;
• fararen fata - ƙananan ƙwayoyin burodi;
• thrips - itan farin kwari, waɗanda larvae ke haɓakawa cikin ganyayyaki, akan abin da ake ganin raunanan hasken wuta;
• aphids. Ya fi son m fi na rassan, barin a baya wani shafi shafi;
• ba za a iya ganin isasshen kwarangwal ba; wadannan tsutsotsi suna rayuwa cikin 'yan ƙasa da kuma bisa tushen sa. Kumburi ya bayyana a kan wuraren da abin ya shafa, metabolism ya rikice, ganyayyaki da ovaries sun fado;
• weevils sune kwari marasa ganuwa, ganye mai narkewa da cin furanni. Suna aiki a cikin duhu, kasancewar su sun ba da ramuka zagaye a cikin yankin da abun ya shafa.

Hoton hoto: wanda ke cutar da ruwan lemo

Matakan sarrafawa

Daga nematodes, Tushen an nutsar da su cikin ruwa a zazzabi na 50 ° C, an cire waɗanda suka lalace, an dasa su; amfani da Ecogel, wanda ya haɗa da Chitosan (alhakin ƙarfafa rigakafi da ganuwar sel). Magungunan maganin kwari (Akarina, Fitoverma, Aktara) za su iya magance yawancin kwari, kuma ana kula da dukkanin tsire-tsire a cikin gidan. Bayan amfani da dama, magungunan sun canza saboda kwari suna inganta rigakafi.

Daga cikin hanyoyin jama'a kan tsotse kwari, amfani:

• spraying tare da tansy (1 tbsp. l. to 1 tbsp. ruwan zãfi), maganin tafarnuwa (1 kan kowace lita 1 na ruwa);
• shafa a cikin ganyayyaki da undiluted 96% barasa;
• fesawa tare da maganin sabulu mai wanki;
• spraying tare da Citrus kwasfa jiko - 1 kilogiram na kwali ta 5 l na ruwan dumi, bayani a cikin rabo na 10 l na ruwa a kowace 100 g na jiko ganye ana fesa sau 3 tare da tazara na kwanaki 5.

Ana kama fararen fuka-fukai a kan tarkuna masu ƙarfi da aka rataye akan rassan. An wanke ticks tare da shawa, tun da farko sun rufe ƙasa da cellophane kuma suna ɗaure shi a kusa da akwati. Daga nan sai suyi wani zaman kashe-wando na mintuna 3-5 a karkashin fitilar ultraviolet.

Cututtukan Citrus da magani

Cututtukan cututtukan da ba a kula da su ba sun hada da:

• tristeza - a wani tsari mai sauƙi, bishiya ta rasa ganyayenta, cikin yanayi mai nauyi - ta mutu gaba ɗaya;
• ganye na Musa - ganye an rufe shi da haske ko ratsi mai duhu, ya lalace, haɓakar orange yana raguwa. Kyakkyawan kulawa da saman miya suna dakatar da tsari;
• ciwon daji - inji ya mutu. Don hana cutar, ana aiwatar da magani na bazara tare da sinadarai masu ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe.

Cutar da za a iya maganin ta hada da:

• Anthracnose - ganye ya zama an rufe shi da aibobi launin ruwan kasa, da kwai da buds sun faɗi, an lalatar da haushi, rassan matasa sun lalace. Fesa tare da bayani na 1% na sulfate na jan karfe yana taimakawa; fasa an rufe shi da kayan ado na lambun; kowane sabon harbi domin ana yayyafa shi da kashi 1% na Bordeaux;
• homosis - lalacewa ta hanyar waterlogging na substrate, zurfafa daga cikin tushen wuya, na inji lalacewar da bawo, wani wuce haddi na nitrogen da kuma rashin phosphorus da potassium. Bayyanannun: gum ɗin yana gudana daga fashe a saman akwati, haushi ya mutu. Jiyya: fasa aka gurbata da potassium permanganate, glossed over with lambu varnish, tsara saman miya;
• baƙin ƙarfe chlorosis (rashi baƙin ƙarfe) - bar discolor, fure da kuma ovaries fada, fi na harbe bushe. Jiyya: fesawa tare da shirye-shiryen ƙarfe, alal misali, Ferovit;
• launin ruwan kasa-kasa - wanda lalacewa ta hanyar naman gwari, ya nuna kanta a cikin hanyar ƙananan aibobi a cikin ganyayyaki. Jiyya: fesawa tare da 1% ruwa Bordeaux.

Yadda ake gyara matsaloli

Dalilan da yasa faduwar ganyen orange:

• mara kyau yanayin Tushen da girma a cikin wani nauyi substrate. An fitar da shuka tare da dunƙule na ƙurar ƙasa, wanda aka tsoma cikin ruwa tare da ƙari daga wakili na tushen. A wannan lokacin, an shirya sabon keɓaɓɓen kuma ruwan 'ya'yan itacen da aka matse aka sanya shi cikin tukunyar. Don rage damuwa, an ɗaure kambi tare da polyethylene, idan kambi ya yi girma, kowane reshe yana cushe a cikin jaka. Har zuwa lokacin kammala aikin, rassan suna samun iska lokaci-lokaci, amma sauran lokacin ana adana su a cikin jakunkuna, rike da laushi a ciki ta hanyar fesawa;
• voids a cikin substrate. An fitar da tsire-tsire tare da dunƙule mai ƙura, a saukar da shi cikin wuri, yana ƙara ƙasa mai daussi ɗaya;
• wuce haddi phosphorus, wanda ke haifar da karancin potassium, iron, jan karfe, zinc ko boron. Sakamako: madaidaicin saman miya;
• take hakkin fasahar noma: karancin haske, yunwar ma'adinai, busasshiyar iska, ruwa mara kyau. Jiyya: kulawa mai kyau.

Wani lokaci a cikin kaka, sabon ganye mara buɗewa yakan bushe kusa da orange. Wannan matsalar na iya danganta da:

• hypothermia na tushen;
• karancin potassium kafin hunturu;
• take hakkin al'adun tsarewa.

Tushen ana bincika su, idan ya cancanta, an wanke ƙurar dunƙule. An bayar da shuka tare da kulawa mai mahimmanci, ana yin suturar saman potassium. Bayan irin waɗannan abubuwan, orange ya kamata ya murmure.

Shuka ruwan lemo a gida matsala ce kawai ga mazaunan arewacin gidan, saboda ba tare da hasken rana ba 'ya'yan itacen basa girma. Sauran ruwan lemu za su kasance da haske sosai a duniya, kayan miya da na yau da kullun.