Phacelia - mai amfani da m shuka. Wannan shi ne mai arziki melliferous shuka, kyakkyawan abinci da kuma cikakken nau'i na kore nitrogen taki. Yawancin lambu suna nuna sha'awa ga wannan shuka kuma a kowace hanyar da za su iya neman bayani game da fasalin "rayuwar kantin sayar da kaya". Mu labarin zai bayyana wasu asirin dasa, ciyar, watering, girma da kula da phacelia, wanda zai taimaka wa duk wanda yake so ya samu mafi daga wannan shuka.
Bayanan Botanical
Phacelia - Mahaifin jinsin mahalarta na iyalin hydrophilic, wato, aquifers, wanda, bisa ga daban-daban hanyoyin, yana da daga 80 zuwa 200 nau'in. 
Kayan ya zo mana daga Amurka kuma ya saba da yankinmu. Amma, da rashin alheri, ba iri iri iri ba zai iya girma tare da mu. Hanyoyi hudu ne kawai suka fi girma, wanda za'a tattauna a kasa.
Za ku kasance da sha'awar koyi game da abubuwan amfani da kayan zuma na phacelia.Phacelia yana girma ne daga tsaba, babu ƙuntatawa a lokacin da zai dasa su. Tsarin zuma zai iya isa daga 20 cm zuwa 1 m a tsawo. A farkon kakar girma, mai tushe yana da bakin ciki, m da m, kuma bayan - thicken kuma ya zama da wuya.
Yana da muhimmanci! A kowace stalk na phacelia ke tsiro zuwa 20 gefen harbe da yawa-flowered inflorescences. Daya inflorescence iya riƙe 20-40 furanni, da kuma dukan shuka har zuwa dubu. Lokaci na flowering a kan tsire-tsire yana daga 20 zuwa 45 days: na farko, furanni suna fure a ƙasa, sannan kuma a hankali zuwa saman.Kwayar zuma mai sauƙin ganewa ta launin shuɗi da furanni na furanni da kuma ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi wanda yake jan hankalin ƙudan zuma. Lokacin tsawon flowering daya nectar kimanin kwanaki 3 ne. Bayan flowering, da shuka shuka da takin kasar gona.
Babban amfanin amfanin irin wannan flower - ba yana buƙatar kulawa na musamman ba, yana da cikakkiyar damuwa ga yanayin, ya yi girma da kuma spikes da sauri, ya yi kusan kusan lokacin rani, wanda ya ba ka damar tattara babban sashi na zuma kuma a lokaci guda takin kasar gona da abubuwa masu amfani.Iri don girma a gonar
Phacelia tana da mallaka ba kawai da halayyar zuma da kayan haɓakar ƙasa ba, yana da kyau ado na ado ga lambun ka wanda zai taimaka kare wasu tsire-tsire daga kwari da cututtuka. Honey shuka za ta yi ado da lambun kuma ta cika shi da ƙanshi mai ban sha'awa.
Ba duk nau'in phacelia ba ne dace da kayan ado na lambun. Don namo a gonar, muna bayar da shawarar zabar wadannan iri:
- Bellcel phacelia. A cikin hoton, phacelia na ƙwallon ƙafa yana kama da karrarawa na launin launi mai duhu, tare da diamita 2.5-3 mm. Girman tsirrai ya kai 40 cm. Sassan suna da launi m. Yuni - tsawo na flowering wannan jinsin.
- A watan Mayu, za a yi ado da lambun ka da furanni. physelia. Hannun ganyayyaki na wannan shuka suna kama da furanni da furanni mai launin ruwan hoda da diamita 2 cm. Tsayin mai tushe na wannan jinsin ya kai 100 cm Dukansu mai tushe da harbe ana rufe shi da villi.
- Phacelia Purshawanda girma ya kai kimanin 50 cm Wannan nauyin ya ja hankalin da launin furanni masu ban sha'awa - tsakarensu na fari ne, kuma gefuna suna kyan ganiya. Amma wannan ba kawai hade ba ne. Pursha shine jagorancin bambancin launi.
- Phacelia ya juya ya sami sunansa saboda ƙananan siffofin furanni mai launin shudi ko launin fure, wanda adadinsa ya kai 0.5 cm.
Inda zan dasa phacelia
Phacelia wata fure ce wadda babu wata ƙasa mara kyau. Za a iya dasa shuka a kowane wuri mai dacewa. Yanayin kawai shi ne cewa lokacin da shuka amfanin gona dole ne ya zama rigar, in ba haka ba tsaba bazai haifar da shi ba. 
Idan kuna so ku yi girma a cikin yankuna maras kyau, ya kamata ku zabi ƙasa da kyau kuma ku zabi abin da aka kare daga matsananciyar fari ta belts ko katako. A wannan yanayin, za a adana ruwan sha da tara.
Haka kuma tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna cikin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, gilashi, mai launin rawaya da fari, sunflower, fyade, linden, heather, snyat, oregano, melluna, ceri plum, pear, ceri, apple.
Haskewa
An shawarci ma'aikata masu kwarewa su dasa shuke-shuke na zuma daga arewa zuwa kudu, wanda zai taimaka wajen haske mai kyau na tsire-tsire mai haske, hasken rana kai tsaye. Hakika, furanni yana bukatar haske mai yawa. Tare da hasken wuta mai dacewa, injin zai "gode" mai yawa nectar.
Shin kuna sani?Ɗaya daga cikin hectare na flowering phacelia zai iya tattara ton na zuma: ƙudan zuma tattara sau 5 more nectar idan suna zaune kusa da shuka zuma.
Nau'in shinge
Phacelia ba shi da kyau ga ƙasa mai laushi: za'a iya shuka shi, a kan rigar da kuma a kan ƙasa mai tsabta. Amma, kamar yadda yake da wata shuka, kasar gona mafi kyau ta fi dacewa don amfanin gona mai yalwaci da kayan abinci. 
Bugu da ƙari, zuma ba ta haɗi tare da weeds, wanda dole ne a tsabtace shi kullum. Ba a shawarce su dasa furanni a kan gangarawa ko wuraren da ba a daɗe ba. Rashin ruwa mai yawa zai iya rinjayar tasiri mai mahimmanci na tsire-tsire. Dole ne lambu mai gwadawa dole ya cika da ma'auni.
Tsarin zuma yana iya samar da ƙasa da kansa da kuma tsara shi: asalinsa suna sassauta kuma suna yin iska maras nauyi. Mun gode wa kaddarorin da aka dasa, wasu tsire-tsire da aka dasa a kan mãkirci za su "jin" kwarai bayan su.
Dokokin Tsarin Mulki
Ka yi la'akari da yadda zaka shuka phacelia a cikin bazara.
Duk wanda yake so ya amfana daga nectarose yayi la'akari da haka:
- Yin maganin tsaba na wata shuka ta gaba da herbicides kafin shuka zai iya lalata seedlings.
- A kan hectare 1 na filin gona an shawarce shi don amfani da kilogiram na 10-12 na tsaba.
- A kan 1 sq M. buƙatar daga 8 zuwa 10 g na tsaba.
- A lokacin da ake shuka, yana da muhimmanci don kiyaye nisa tsakanin layuka kimanin 15 cm.
- Ana buƙatar tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi ta 1.5-3 cm.
- Yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa an rufe dukkanin tsaba kuma an kare su daga hasken. In ba haka ba, ba za su hau ba.
- Game da tambaya akan lokacin da ake bukata don shuka nekaronos a cikin bazara, babu ƙuntatawa: zaka iya shuka nan da nan bayan snow melts, zai yiwu a watan Afrilu ko Mayu. A shuka shi ne sanyi-resistant kuma ba ji tsoron spring frosts. A cikin yankuna m, an shuka furanni a watan Mayu.
- Bisa ga binciken, ana iya samo mafi yawan tsaba a watan Yuni, saboda an bada shawarar shuka wannan shuka a watan Mayu, ba daga bisani 25th ba.
- Wadanda suke son tattarawa da yawa daga zuma daga bishiyoyi suna ba da shawara su dasa shuke-shuke na zuma a kusa da amya.
Abubuwan kulawa
Tabbatacce ne cewa shuka ba damuwa ba ne: dasa shuki da kula da phacelia a bude ƙasa ba wuya.
Kuna buƙatar tunawa cewa lokacin yaduwar shuka shuka shine wajibi ne ku sha ruwa, saboda ba tare da ruwa da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire za su kasance da dogon lokaci ba. Medonos kuma baza a iya canja su ba - ba zai tsira ba ya mutu.
Turawa da kula da ƙasa
Bayan tsomawa, dasa shuki na nectar, wajibi ne a fitar da ƙwayar da kuma sako da amfanin gona da kuma cire weeds. 
Ana shawarci masu shuka suyi wannan a farkon makonni 2-3 bayan shuka. Samar da furanni na zuma a wuri mai shinge yana buƙatar ƙarin shinge daga ƙasa.
Watering da ciyar
Masana masu kwarewa sun bada shawara su dace da albarkatun zuma da kuma wanke ƙasa a lokacin shuka, yayin da matasa ke buƙatar ruwa, in ba haka ba zai yi girma ba. 
Organic, phosphate da potash da takin mai magani ya kamata a zaba a matsayin top-dressing, alama alama na boron da magnesium su dace. Ana bada shawarar zuwa takin kasar gona a cikin fall don yin noma. A kan ƙasa mai kyau, zuma shuka yana da mahimmanci har ma ba tare da takin mai magani ba.
Yadda za a tattara phacelia tsaba
Bugu da ƙari, a sama, phacelia yana girma domin ya tattara tsaba mai kyau. Don cimma wannan burin tsakanin layuka na saukowa, dole ne a tsayar da nisa na 45 cm. 
Tsire-tsire da aka yi nufi don tattara tsaba yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa - suna buƙatar a ci gaba da sako su, sau da yawa, a lokacin da phacelia tsaba suna da wuyar tsaftace daga ƙananan tsaba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tarin albarkatun noma yana faruwa bayan ɓangaren ƙananan kwalaye tare da curls na tsaba zama launin ruwan kasa. Kana buƙatar tattara tsaba a daban. Saboda gaskiyar cewa flowering na faruwa a hankali (daga ƙasa zuwa sama), don shuka a nan gaba, kawai tsaba daga ƙananan ɓangaren tsire-tsire ya kamata a zaba, kamar yadda waɗanda suke a sama basu da lokaci zuwa isa.A kan manyan bishiyoyi, girbi na zuma yana faruwa tare da taimakon haɗuwa. Bayan ginannen, an tattara taro da yawa, a kwantar da shi, a bushe kuma an tsaftace ta da kayan aiki na musamman. Drying zafi ya zama 14%. A cikin kananan yankunan, ana iya tattara tsaba na zuma da hannu.
Phacelia a matsayin siderata
Phacelia - daya daga cikin mafi araha mai tasiri da tasiri na gefe (takin mai magani). Tsarin yana kara yawan acidity na ƙasa, yana da siffofi na phytosanitary, yana wadatar da ƙasa tare da nitrogen kuma ya sassauta shi.
An tambayi mahimmancin lambu a lokacin da za su shuka phacelia a cikin bazara a matsayin wani yanki. Don samun ƙwayar kore daga zuma shuka ya kamata a shuka nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara. Amma zai zama mafi inganci don shuka shuka a ƙarshen lokacin rani ko a cikin fall, don haka itatuwan hunturu zasu kwanta a ƙasa. Alal misali, tattara dukan amfanin gona - shuka shuka shuka.
Dogon, hatsin rai da lupine ana amfani dashi a matsayin gefe.Idan kana da wurare tare da ƙarancin ƙasa, kina buƙatar shuka tsaba a jikin su har tsawon kakar. Hanya wannan da ka takin kasar gona ka bar shi ya huta - kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta za su cika da wadata kuma su wadata shafin ka da kayan da ke da amfani.
Don samun yawan ƙwayoyin jiki masu amfani kamar yadda ya kamata, ana ba da shawarar da za a yanke shi da bayyanar furanni na farko, tun bayan flowering ya zama mai talauci.
Shin kuna sani? Mafi yawancin yankuna suna da al'adun gargajiya kuma ba za a iya shuka su ba. Irin wannan dangi ne a cikin irin wake tare da lupine, mustard tare da radish. Phacelia - kawai siderats, wanda ba shi da phytopatrials.Ba a sani ba a kallon farko, tashar harkar ruwa tana da amfani sosai. Wannan shi ne, na farko, shugaba a cikin tsire-tsire na zuma: tsinkayen phacelia yana da kilo 200-500 a kowace hectare.
An yi amfani da murhun gishiri kamar fodder fure da silage. Amma tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire don abinci ba zai yi aiki ba.Phacelia yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan amfanin gona mai mahimmanci. Yana wadatar da ƙasa tare da abubuwa da yawa masu amfani da kayan aiki da ƙãra yawan aiki.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar zuma tana da kyau ado na ado na lambun ko filin dacha. Hotuna tare da phacelia a lokacin flowering za su kasance hotuna iyali da kuka fi so. Wannan shine wani abu kamar filin furen.
