Apricot an al'adu ne a cikin yankuna na kudancin ƙasar, saboda tsire-tsire ne mai ƙauna da zafi. Don haɓaka wannan sanannen al'adun a yankuna na arewacin, ya wajaba don ƙara yawan zafin hunturu. Da farko dai, dole ne in kula da kayan kwalliya da jituwa, wanda plum ya kasance ga itacen kudu. Hanyoyi da ka'idojin yin allurar apricot akan plum mai sauki ne kuma mai sauki ga mai lambu.
Spring plum apricot grafting - kayan yau da kullun
Lokacin bazara shine lokacin da yanayi ke farkawa daga baccin hunturu, ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya fara motsawa daga tushe har zuwa kambi, yana haifar da bayyanar sabbin harbe, ganye, furanni da' ya'yan itatuwa. A cikin wannan yanayin, alurar rigakafi ta fi dacewa; raunukan suna warkar da sauri da sauƙi.
Kwanaki na Alurar riga kafi
Yankuna grafted a farkon spring, a lõkacin da nan da nan buds ƙara, kai tushen mafi kyau. Kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen za su sami lokaci don bayar da kyawawan, harbe mai ƙarfi waɗanda zasu amince da shiga cikin hunturu. Ba za a iya ba da shawarar ainihin kwanakun ba, sun bambanta dangane da yankin da takamaiman yanayin yanayi na yanayin yanzu. Yawancin lokaci suna farawa a tsakiyar Maris a cikin yankuna na kudanci kuma suna ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu a cikin yankuna na arewacin.
Yadda za a dasa apricot a kan bishiyar itace a cikin bazara
Wani lokacin lambu novice lambu tambaya - shin zai yiwu a dasa apricot a kan plum a bazara.
Amsar ita ce eh, za ku iya. Ana yin wannan sau da yawa lokacin da yake Dole don samun tsire-tsire mai sanyi mai sanyi tare da tushen ba mai dumama ba. Apricot daidai ya ɗauki tushen kan plum hannun jari, lambu da dogon da nasara yi amfani da wannan dukiya.
A cikin bazara, apricots ana inoculated kawai tare da cuttings. An girbe su a ƙarshen kaka kuma a adana su a cikin wuri mai sanyi (misali, a cikin ginshiki) har sai alurar riga kafi.
A matsayin jari, suna amfani da duka harbe biyu matasa masu shekaru 1-2, da kuma samfurori uku - shekaru biyar. A cikin maganar ta karshen, shi ne mafi alh ifri idan itacen stock zai riga girma a cikin wani m wuri. Juyin Halifofi a wannan zamani suna da alaƙa da jinkirin ci gaba da koma zuwa gare su, ba lallai ba ne, ba a so.
Daga cikin manyan hanyoyin hanyoyin rigakafin apricots akan plums a bazara, ana bada shawarar uku. Haɗakarwa, a cikin ɓarna da ƙarƙashin thean haushi. Wadannan hanyoyin suna da sauki, akwai ga mai fara lambu kuma ya bayar da babban adadin rayuwa.
Kafin a ci gaba da allurar rigakafin, yana da darajan yin aikin kwayoyin halitta na ɓangare na uku. Don wannan, tsirrai daji da harbe sun dace.
Matakan-mataki-mataki umarnin umarnin rigakafin ta hanyar kwafa
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar lokacin da diamita na jari da scion suka zo daidai, ko lokacin da bambanci ya kai 10%. Ana amfani da copulation akan diamita daga millimita hudu zuwa goma sha biyar.
Hanyar ta ƙunshi gaskiyar cewa an yanke iyakar rassan hade a wani kusurwa mai mahimmanci kuma an haɗa su da juna ta yanka. Akwai sauki, haɓakawa da haɗin kai tare da sirdi.
Wannan hanyar tana da kyau don samun shuki.
Don haka:
- Da farko, zaɓi wurin yin allurar rigakafi - ko da, tare da haushi mai laushi da diamita wanda ya dace da diamita na ƙyallen. Tsawon wannan wuri sama da ƙasa an ƙaddara shi gwargwadon yanayin gida. Idan kauri murfin dusar ƙanƙancin yawanci yana da yawa, to, alurar riga kafi ya kamata ya zama mai tsayi mita ɗaya, kuma a wasu yankuna mafi girma. A wuraren da dusar kankara ke da wuya, yana yiwuwa a dasa shuki a nisan mil 40-50. Duk buds da ke ƙasa ba su da makafi.
- Ya danganta da nau'in kwafin da aka zaba, an yi sassan sassan daidai:
- Don yin kwafin sauƙi, a kan sassan da aka haɗa na scion da stock, yi sassan bango a kusurwar 20-25 °, tsawon 3-4 cm.
- Inganta copulation ana rarrabewa a cikin cewa ana yin yanka a kan yanka, wanda aka saka cikin juna, yana ba da hulɗa mai ƙarfi.
- Don haɗuwa tare da sirdi a kan scion, an yanke wani dandamali, wanda aka sanya shi a ƙarshen hannun jari.
- A kowane hali, an rufe maɓallin tare da tef fum ko tef madaidaiciya tare da gefen m.
Yana da mahimmanci. An haɗa zirga-zirga ta yadda zasu iya hulɗa da yadudduka na cambial. Idan diamita na jari da scion ba iri ɗaya bane, to ya kamata a haɗa waɗannan yadudduka a ƙalla daga bangarorin uku.
Nau'in kwafa: a - sauki; b - inganta; c, d - tare da sirdi; d - gyara takaddar alurar riga kafi
- Yanke takobi tare da wuka ko keɓewa, barin 2-3 buds. An yanke maɓallin sare tare da lambun var.
- An shirya shinge na kore mai zurfi a kan katako don kula da ƙarancin zafi, wanda ake buƙata don rayuwa mai kyau. An yi wannan ta hanyar sanya jakar filastik a hannu, ɗaure shi a ƙasa wurin alurar. An yanke ƙananan ramuka na 2-3 don samun iska a cikin jaka. Bayan watanni 1-2, lokacin da alkama ya girma tare da jari, an cire kunshin.
Matakan-mataki-mataki-akai don yin rigakafi a cikin hanyar sharewa
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar a lokuta inda diamita na hannun jari ya kasance daga mm 8 zuwa 100, kuma maiyuwa ba zai zo daidai da diamita na scion ba. Idan scion yafi thinner, to, an yanka itace da yawa a gefe ɗaya. Shin shi kamar haka:
Gangar jikin a wurin da aka zaɓa, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, an yanke shi a kan kusurwar dama. Idan an liƙaɗa a kan reshe, to, an sanya sare a kusa da gindi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
- A tsakiyar yanke, a kusurwa ta dama zuwa gare ta, tare da gatari ko wuka, yi tsinkaye tare da zurfin 3-4 cm. Game da babban diamita na scion, za a iya rarraba abubuwa biyu a gefe ko inshora da juna. Ramin an aura shi da zanen goge baki ko silsila.
A cikin tsakiyar yanke tare da gatari ko wuka yi share share 3-4 cm zurfi
- Cutarshen abin riƙewa (yankan) an yanke shi a cikin nau'i mai kaifi kuma an saka shi cikin ɓoye, ba a manta ba don haɗa layukan cambial. Suna ɗaukar maɓallin siket ko maɗaukakiya - an yanke madaurin a anguwanne tare da ɓarke.
- Kamar yadda a cikin bayanin da ya gabata, an sanya wurin yin rigakafin tare da kaset, an shafe shi tare da lamb var.
- Yanke yanka na kodan 2-3.
Shigar da ƙayyadaddun ƙarshen tsiran ya tabbata cewa yadudduka cambial daidai
- Ka samar da wata takin zamani, wanda aka cire bayan kwalliyar itace.
Mataki-mataki na rigakafi don haushi
Hanyar tana kama da matakin farko da sakamako na baya. Ya bambanta a cikin cewa gangar jikin itace ba ta lalace ba, a maimakon haka, an yanke haushi kuma an lanƙwasa, wanda aka sanya turaren. Hanyar ta dace da Trunks na babban diamita, ana bada shawara ga shuka a hankali har zuwa huƙa huɗu a kai.
Umurnin kisa kamar haka:
- Hakanan ga hanyar da ta gabata, an zaɓi wuri kuma an yanke akwati.
- Yanke haushi tare da Layer na cambium zuwa tsawon 4-5 cm Idan tsararrun sune 2, 3 ko 4, sanya adadin yankan da suka dace. An sanya su a ko'ina tare da diamita na ganga.
- Ana yanke tsayin 3-4 cm tsayi a ƙarshen ƙarshen kowane abin rikewa, to an yi yanka mai gushewa.
- A hankali ana murƙushe haushi, sanya yankuna a bayansa domin yadudduka na cambium suna hulɗa da juna.
Alurar riga kafi ta dace da manyan hannun jari
- Actionsarin ayyuka sun yi kama da hanyoyin da suka gabata.
Janar shawarwari
Duk hanyar da aka bi da maganin, kula da waɗannan ƙa'idodi:
- Kayan aiki (wukake, shinge shears) yana yin kaifi sosai kafin yin aiki.
- Kafin amfani dashi, an lalata kayan aikin tare da maganin rigakafi. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da maganin 1% na sulfate jan karfe, barasa ko hydrogen peroxide.
- Ana yin sassan jari da scion nan da nan kafin alurar riga kafi. Lokaci daga lokacin yanka zuwa haɗi na sassan da aka bari ya kamata ya zama kaɗan. A yanayin da yakamata, bai wuce minti daya ba.
- A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, yakamata a kiyaye tsire-tsire daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A wannan yanayin, za su ɗauki tushen mafi kyau.
- Lamarin da ake amfani da shi bai kamata ya ƙunshi samfuran mai ba kamar man fetur, kerosene da makamantansu. Beeswax ko lanolin sune aka fifita.
Bidiyo: rigakafin apricot shekaru hudu
Neman Tallafi
Game da sakamakon bara na apricot cuttings "a tsaga" akan plum. Yawan haɓaka ya kasance daga 50 zuwa 70 cm (an dage farawa akan fure fure akan alurar rigakafi). Dasa apricot a karon farko. Ana nuna wuraren da alurar riga kafi ta hanyar lalata. Dasa a cikin kambi ko a kan dutsen sama da 50 cm daga ƙasa (mai yawa dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu). Abubuwan da aka girka a Apricot a kan plum ya girma da nauyin 50-70 cm
Abubuwan da aka girka a Apricot a kan plum ya girma da nauyin 50-70 cm
Yanina
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?p=634457#p634457
Asalinsu da aka Buga ta kursk162 Tambaya Duba Tambayar - Kuma yaushe tsawon apricot ɗin da aka liƙa ke girma a cikin kwanjin ku? Babu rashin jituwa? Shuka a kan shuɗi mai shuɗi (HZCh), blackthorn da Ochakovskaya Yellow. Alurar riga kafi sun kasance a cikin kambi da kan harbe daga cikin wadannan hannun jari. Ba shi da kyau a gracing cikin kambi na shudi mai ruwan shuɗi (HZCH), a wurin yin allurar rigakafi, ɗanko da kuma jinkirin ci gaba da ƙwayar.Amma akwai alurar rigakafi ɗaya a kowane harbi (HZCh), wanda ke haɓaka da kyau. A cikin kambi, an sanya ƙwayar coolant a koyaushe, yana tasowa da kyau. Amma a lokaci guda, apricot da kansa yana yin ƙaramin ɓangaren ganye na gaba ɗaya akan bishiyar.A ƙarshen bazarar da ya yi fure, akwai ƙwayoyin ciki, amma sai aka watsar, apricot ɗaya ya kasance akan reshe, amma bai yi toho ba, an watsar dashi. Alurar riga kafi a kan harbe, i.e. tare da cikakken rashi ganye na plum kanta, da coolants ci gaba sosai a farkon shekara, amma a cikin bazarar shi dai itace cewa sun mutu gaba daya (2 lokuta, karshe spring wannan). A kan blackthorn suna girma da kyau akan overgrowths; Ban dasa blackthorn a kambi ba. A kan blackthorn, Ina da alurar rigakafin kakar wasa ta uku; an dasa shukar furanni da yawa, amma a cikin hunturu akwai sanyi a ƙasa a rage wajan 33, Zan jira sakamakon lokacin hunturu. Yanzu ina ƙoƙari na shuka iri daban-daban, yayin da suke girma a kan baranda a cikin tukwane da kuma sashi a cikin ƙasa a cikin lambu a ƙauyen. Duk da haka, yanayin mu ba shine ya fi dacewa da apricot ba. Wajibi ne don zaɓar zaɓuɓɓuka.
Yanina
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=1292766
Hanyoyin da aka bayyana na maganin alurar riga kafi sauki ne kuma abin dogaro ne, an gwada shi ta hanyar masana kimiyyar aikin gona da kuma lambu shekaru da dama. A lokacin girma, yankuna suna ba da harbe mai ƙarfi, masu ƙoshin lafiya waɗanda ke yin haƙuri har ma da tsananin sanyi. Ta hanyar dasa apricot akan plum a farkon bazara, mai lambu ya aminta da sakamakon.
