Ta hanyar kokarin kwararrun masu shayarwa, apricot mai kyau na kudu ya hau zuwa arewa. A baya can, wannan ana iya hango wani labari ne kawai, amma yanzu nau'ikan apricot na zamani suna ɗaukar sunan Slavic allahn ƙauna da yalwa. Lel - karimci da wuri, shawa tare da ruwan sama na ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai narkewa a bakin.
Tarihin apricot a arewacin Rasha da kuma bayanin nau'ikan Lel
An dauki matakai da yawa don samun nasarar yada apricot zuwa arewa. Kuma sun shuka iri na fruitsya fruitsyan itaciyar da suke so a ƙarƙashin mafi tsananin yanayi, kuma sun haɗu da nau'in apricot gama gari, gama gari a kudanci da kuma cikin Caucasus tare da nau'in daji, amma an sami kyakkyawan sakamako lokacin da aka haɗa apricot na gama gari ko ɗan itacen ceri rootstock. Don apricot Lel plum shi ne ya fi dacewa jari. Saboda alurar riga kafi a kan turba, yana yiwuwa a rabu da dumama da apricot haushi, wanda ba makawa a cikin yanayin babban zafi.
An dasa reshen Apricot Lel tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa na zinariya
An ƙirƙiri iri-iri a ƙarshen karni na ashirin, kuma tun daga 2004 aka haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha. Nagari don yin yalwata Lel a yankin tsakiyar. Itace ba ya girma babba, yana da kambi mai yawa sosai. Yawancin yana girma-girma, a shekara ta uku bayan dasa shuki ya fara samar da amfanin gona na lokacin da ya nuna sosai. Koyaya, yan lambu sun lura da yawan lokacin 'ya'yan itace.
Kasusuwa daga itacen ana kafa shi ta hanyar madaidaiciya madaidaiciya harbe harbe. Itacen fure ya fara a gaban ganye. Furanni suna da yawa, suna da fararen fenti biyar da ruwan hoda. Guda biyar, duhu mai duhu. Lokacin furanni, ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi mai daɗi ya shimfiɗa a kewayen bishiyoyi.
Apricot fure fure kafin ganye
Ganye suna duhu kore, zagaye-ovate, tare da nuna goge, m, m. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari zagaye ne, lemu mai zaki, amma idan kun basu damar zuwa cikakkiyar cikakke, suna cike da jan zina mai zafi. An rufe shi da ruwa mai taushi, mai laushi. Matsakaicin yawan 'ya'yan itace 18 g. Punfa na itace ne, mai laushi, mai taushi, mai daɗi da ɗanɗano, ya sami ci mafi kyawun dandano.
Idan muka kwatanta Apricot Lel tare da wani nau'in iri daya mai kama da dangane da alamomi, apricot na Tsar, to yawan amfanin ƙasa na Lel ya fi girma, a matsakaita kimanin santimita 40 na 'ya'yan itace mai ƙanshi a kowace hectare. Apricot Tsarsky yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 30 c / ha. 'Ya'yan itacen Lel sun girma a baya kuma sun ɗan girma kaɗan kaɗan, gra 18 da 15, bi da bi. Lambar dandanawa ta Lel apricot ita ce mafi girma, 5 da maki 4 na nau'ikan Tsarsky.
Apricot Lel - iri mai albarka tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu zagaye
Apricot Lel shine hunturu-Hardy, yana nuna matsakaici juriya ga kleasterosporiosis kuma kusan ba shi da wahala daga harin aphid, ƙasa da 1% ya lalace.
Dasa nau'in nau'in apricot Lel
Ba tare da bambancin iri-iri ba, dasa shuki na apricot yayi la'akari da buƙatar wannan amfanin gona don samar da haske da kariya daga kwatsam na iska mai sanyi. Abinda yafi dacewa shine rafin kudu ko kuma yankuna da ke kariya daga arewa ta gine-gine, amma ba kusa da mita 4-5, don kada dusar ƙanƙara ta tara kuma babu tsayayyen ruwa. An dasa apricots, yana riƙe da tsaka-tsaki na mita 4 a jere da mita 6 tsakanin layuka, tun da kambi na apricot ya girma sosai, kuma waɗannan bishiyoyin suna buƙatar tsananin haske.
Bayan 'yan general shawarwari don shirya saukowa fossa:
- Mafi muni da ƙasa, ya fi girma rami ya kamata. Don wuraren da ciyawa suka yi ƙarfi sosai, ana bada shawara don yin shimfidawa - diamita na 100 cm tare da zurfin 40-50 cm.
- An cire turmin farko da farko.
- Tona ƙasa na m ƙasa kuma ya bambanta.
- Bayan haka, zabi wani Layer mai dauke da yumbu, kuma cire shi daga shafin.
- A cikin cakuda ƙasa don dasa, ƙara yashi kogin a cikin rabo na 2: 1.
- Apricots suna girma da kyau a kan ƙasa mai narkewa kuma kamar yadda kowane 'ya'yan itace da dutse ke ba da amsa da godiya ga aikace-aikacen alli, don haka ana zubar da babban dutsen dutsen dutsen a cikin ramin.
Tsarin dasa apricot
Tare tare da topsoil, ana bada shawara don shimfiɗa daɗaɗaɗa kanka na kanka a kan magudanar ruwa, kawai tare da tushen sama. Wannan zai ba da damar tsintsaye da ƙananan ƙwayoyin da ke rayuwa a cikin wannan matattara don hanzarta watsawa cikin ƙasa, kuma tarkacewar tsire-tsire yayin zafi fiye da kima zai samar da takin gargajiya.
Ana bada shawarar bishiyoyi tare da tushen tushen buɗewa a cikin bazara ko farkon faɗuwar rana. Lokacin sayen saro na seedlingsan seedlings, ranakun dasa shuki ba su da mahimmanci, tun da ƙammar ya kasance tana kasancewa cikin kwanciyar lokacin shuka, kuma ba shi da ƙarfi.
Lokacin dasawa, yana da mahimmanci kada ku zurfafa tushen wuyan itacen.
Kuna buƙatar zaɓar matakin da ya dace na dasa shuki don itace mai ƙarfi da lafiya
Da jerin ayyuka yayin dasa shuki apricot seedling:
- Tono rami 80-100 cm fadi da zurfin 40-60 cm.
- Zuba rubabben farar ƙasa.
- Soilara ƙasa a kanta da tamp (zaka iya sanya turf a nan tare da tushen sa).
- Sanya seedling domin tushen wuya ya tashi 5-7 cm sama da ƙasa.
- Zuba cikin cakuda ƙasa a kusa da akwati kuma tamp da kyau.
- Zuwa ruwa.
- Tare da rufe ciyawa daga humus ko ciyawa a yanka.
Gardenerswararrun lambu ba su bayar da shawarar samar da rami na ban ruwa, saboda wannan na iya haifar da turɓar ruwa ko tara dusar ƙanƙara tare da tururuwar mai zuwa, wanda hakan zai sa haushi ya yi zafi.
Wani batun kuma shine halayen takin. Wasu nasarorin lokacin dasa shuki apricot a cikin cakuda ƙasa ƙara takin ma'adinai, wasu sun fi so su ƙara taki mai doki, kuma akwai waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa apricot ya isa sosai don samar da takin da ke kanta tare da ƙari yashi kogin don inganta kayan aikin ƙasa. Apricot ba sosai picky game da abun da ke ciki na kasar gona. A gare shi, zafi, haske da magudanar ruwa sunada mahimmanci. Idan kanaso, zaku iya yin takin zamani a cikin bazara don kauce wa ci gaban matasa kafin lokacin sanyi.
Bidiyo: apricots a tsakiyar Rasha
Fasali na namowa da kuma laifofin kulawa
Bayan dasa, an yankantar da seedlings. Don yin wannan, zaɓi mafi ƙarfi harbe directed a cikin daban-daban kwatance. Mafi kyawun maƙasudin tashi daga rassan daga gangar jikin don ƙirƙirar ƙaramar kambi 45-50game da. Yanke gefuna na gefuna zuwa toho na waje don su kusan 1/3 guntu fiye da maigidan na tsakiya. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, suna goyan bayan lalacewar kambi da ƙoƙarin hana tononta.
Lokacin da aka yanke shawara, share:
- Gaban rassan.
- Harbe ya nuna a cikin kambi ya zuwa ga akwati.
- Harbe yana kasa.
- Lokacin farin ciki da rassa mai rauni.
- Basal harbe.
Don murnar mazaunan bazara, apricot Lel yayi jinkirin girma kuma baya buƙatar kulawa da kullun. Don yin haƙuri da kyau a cikin itatuwan hunturu a lokacin sanyi, ana bada shawarar yin girki lokacin rani. A wannan yanayin, kawai harbe mai ƙarfi tare da tsawon 50 cm ya rage, sauran an yanka su cikin zobe. Kuma a cikin watan Agusta, sun zabi wani ƙaramin ƙaramin iko mai ƙarfi, tanƙwara ga gefen ingantaccen haske kuma ɗaure shi da igiya har zuwa shekara mai zuwa.
Tsarin kambi na apricot
Wani muhimmin matakin kariya na itace shine fari. Ku ciyar da shi a ƙarshen kaka da farkon bazara, samar da kariya daga haushi daga hunturu sanyi da lokacin dawowar bazara na bazara. An bada shawara don ƙara shirye-shiryen tagulla don farawa don hana cututtukan fungal. Kuna buƙatar tsabtace biyu daga cikin akwati bishiyoyi da kuma manyan kwarangwal harbe.
Gabaɗaya, apricot Lel shine nau'in hunturu-Hardy kuma yana kwantar da hankali sanyi har zuwa 25-30game daC. Babu buƙatar rufe bishiyoyi a cikin hunturu. Idan hakane, ramuka-sanyi ta lalata haushi, sannan a cikin bazara a watan Afrilu-Mayu za su tsaftace yankin da suka ji rauni zuwa ƙoshin lafiya kuma su rufe shi da lambun var.
Don samun amfanin gona mai inganci mai kyau mai kisa, ana ba da shawarar shuka akalla bishiyoyi biyu. Mafi yawan dasa, da mafi ingancin pollination.
Shawarar kulawa ta Lel apricot sun yi kama da na sauran apricots na arewacin.
Bidiyo game da girma apricots hunturu-Hardy
Cutar da kwari
Apricot Lel kuma ya dace don yayi girma saboda iri-iri na da tsayayya ga claustosporiosis. Idan yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa sunyi girma akan shafin: cherries da cherries, kuma akwai damuwa game da shan kashi na cututtukan fungal, ana bada shawarar aiwatar da spraying tare da maganin 1% na jan karfe na ruwa ko ruwa na Bordeaux. Wadannan magungunan guda ɗaya zasu hana yiwuwar cutar moniliosis.
A bu mai kyau zuwa saka idanu a kan yanayin ganyayyaki a kan apricot. Idan an samo duhu duhu akan su ko kuma lokacin da ganyen ya bushe ya fito daga lokaci, kuna buƙatar tattara ganyen da ya shafa nan da nan kuma a hallaka, kuma a bi da itacen tare da shirye-shiryen tagulla, kuma wannan ya kamata a yi aƙalla sau 2-3 tare da katsewar kwanaki 14.
Apricot cuta
- Ramin yana kan ganyayyaki na apricot idan akwai wata cuta ta cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta jiki
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na apricot da aka shafa ta clasterosporiosis
- Moniliosis ko Monilial Apricot kuna
Apricot Lel ba shi da kwari. Don hana ko da rauni mai rauni na aphid, zaku iya fesa biotlin tare da shiri a farkon bazara bisa ga umarnin.
Nasiha
Yi haƙuri don "dacewa" cikin batun. Wataƙila wani ya san iri "Lel" da "Irkutsk hunturu-Hardy"? Yaya suke nuna hali a Moscow? Na gode Lyudmila Moscow
Mujallar lambu ta-kai-kanka 01/2005 ta rubuta cewa: "An ba da damar nau'ikan apricot masu amfani a cikin Ayyukan Bayananmu na Ciwon Harkokin Mulki: da wuri - Lel, Tsarsky, farkon - Iceberg, Alyosha, matsakaici - "Aquarius", daga baya - "Monastic". Dukkansu masu sanyi ne masu tsaurin sanyi, suna da yayan itace kuma suna bada annua'a kowace shekara. A cikin dasa tsire-tsire, dole ne a sami wasu nau'ikan biyu masu tsakuwa a ciki. "Mataki na ɗan takarar ilimin kimiyyar aikin gona Zakotina V., a taƙaice, amma ƙari ko informarancin bayani.
maha. Dubna Mosk.obl.
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A bara Ina da fure guda ɗaya na apricot, ɗan shekara uku. A wannan ina fatan fure biyu. Lokaci ya yi da za a faɗi tukuna. Amma kodan sun kumbura a duka biyun, don haka tabbas ba su daskare ba. Ttararren gida, idan hakane a cikin gundumar Ramensky 50 km daga Moscow lokaci - kudu maso gabas. Babban abu shine dasa su ba a cikin wani wuri mai kauri ba.
lapolka
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Kuma apricot dina da alama sun mutu. Iri daban-daban, wanda aka siya cikin timiryazevke shekaru 3 da suka gabata. Ban sani ba ko zan murmure ko: drv
Maksimulkin. Moscow
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Na yi ƙoƙarin bi da tsohuwar (kimanin shekara 8) Apricot don maganin gum. Don wasu dalilai, sai kuka ya fashe, aka kore shi daga itace, sai gum ya gudana. Na buɗe yankin da abin ya shafa, na cire duk abin da aka kora - Na sami rauni 10 * 4 cm a girman tare da akwati. Fissured tare da wuka - 5 furrows tare da akwati, aka fesa tare da 3% sulphate baƙin ƙarfe da smeared da yumbu, wanda ya hada da ƙara kadan vitriol (mai yiwuwa 0.5%). Ya yi wannan duk a ƙarshen Mayu. A watan Agusta, yumɓu ya faɗi, maƙerin ɓawon burodi ya rufe rauni a rabi. Na sake maimaita magani - an tafi a cikin hunturu. Sosai itacen ya zama baki, amma babu alamun rot. Babu dan cuku ko dai.
SATARWAR. Kamyshin
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Kamar dai iskar hashin lu'ulu'u mai launin zinare daga dabino na bakin karfe wanda yake haifar da kauna, haka kuma a shekarar girbi itacen apricot tare da 'yan lambu masu kishin an rufe shi da' ya'yan itatuwa na zinare, wanda ba shi yiwuwa ya wuce shaci-fadi.
