Raspberries tare da alamun remontance ya fara girma fiye da shekaru 200 da suka gabata. Amma da farko amfanin gona na biyu ya kasance karami - a cikin kaka kawai keɓaɓɓun berries sun bayyana akan harbe. Godiya ga ƙoƙarin masu shayarwa, sababbin nau'ikan da ke da haɓaka halaye an gasa su waɗanda sun fi nau'in bazara ta fuskar yawan amfanin ƙasa, ɗanɗano da juriya na cuta. Yanzu ana yin gyaran Rashan a yankuna na kudanci kuma a wuraren da ake fuskantar barazanar noma. Koyaya, ana iya samun babban amfanin gona tare da zaɓin da ya dace na nau'ikan fannonin da kuma yarda da fasaha na tsarin namo amfanin gona.
Yadda za a noma sabbin nau'ikan rasberi
Siffar remont raspberries shine ikon samar da albarkatu sau biyu a kakar. A kan harbe-harbe na shekaru biyu, berries suna girma cikin bazara a lokaci guda kamar nau'in rasberi talakawa. Don haka harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara su yi girma, su samar da kwayayensu su kuma ba da ’ya’ya har ƙarshen ƙarshen girma. Bayan ɗan raguwa a zazzabi zuwa -3-50Fitsari ba ya mutu, kuma idan zafi ya dawo, sai ya fara haɓaka, yana ƙirƙirar berries.
M raspberries cirewa 'ya'yan itace har zuwa dusar ƙanƙara, da ovaries ba su mutu ko da ƙananan sanyi
Amma tare da dawowar biyu, yawan amfanin ƙasa akan harbe ya ragu sau 3-4. Bugu da kari, a arewacin yankunan, berries sau da yawa ba su da lokaci zuwa ripen kafin farko da kaka frosts. Sabili da haka, a kan gonaki, an sake girma raspberries a matsayin amfanin gona na shekara-shekara, suna karɓar ƙarshen shekara guda amma amfanin gona mai yawa. A cikin shirye shiryen gonar, mazauna bazara suna ƙoƙarin samun amfanin gona guda biyu domin su iya jin daɗin sabo sabo muddin zai yiwu. Kuma don kare bushes daga farkon sanyi, rufe su da agrofibre ko girma su cikin rufaffiyar ƙasa.
Kiwon raspberries a gida ita ce hanya mafi karbuwa ga yawancin lambu
Kula da rasberi a cikin bazara
Idan aka dasa shuki a cikin rassa a farkon lokacin, kafin a buɗe ayoyin, to, bayan an dasa su ta gajarta zuwa cm 20. Da farko, dole ne a lulluɓe su da kayan haske mara nauyi don kare tsire-tsire masu tasowa daga rana mai sanyi ko sanyaya dare. Hakanan wajibi ne don saka idanu da danshi na ƙasa ta hanyar yin ruwa akai-akai. A nan gaba, suna kulawa da dasa kananan matasa ta hanyar guda ɗaya kamar yadda manya manyan raspberries.
Rasberi ana shuka su ne a cikin bazara kafin lokacin girma
Spring pruning
A farkon bazara, lokacin da buds kawai fara kumbura, suna gudanar da tsabtace tsabtace daga cikin harbe da suka rage zuwa hunturu. Cire waɗancan rassan da suka daskarar, bushe ko karye. Yanke sassan daskararre na mai tushe zuwa koda na farko mai lafiya.
A cikin bazara, suna gudanar da aikin tsabtace tsabtace ruwa, cire mai da karya ko daskararre mai tushe
Yana da muhimmanci a hana toshe filayen sauka. A farkon Mayu, lokacin da sababbin harbe suka girma zuwa 30 cm, ya zama dole don fitar da bushes ɗin, barin 7-10 mafi ƙarfi rassan. A lokaci guda, raspberries suna karɓar wurin zama mai mahimmanci, zafi na hasken rana, haske da abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke da tasiri mai amfani ga yawan aiki.
Rasberi mai cirewa ba su yi haƙuri lokacin farin ciki ba, saboda haka, a watan Mayu, ana fitar da thinning daji, yana barin 7-10 mafi ƙarfi harbe
A wani daji da ya kai tsayin mita, toshe firan harbe-harbe. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kara yawan ƙwayoyin ovaries, amma da ɗan jinkiri da lokacin girbi kaka.
Pinching fi na harbe na taimaka wa bayyanar ƙarin rassan 'ya'yan itace
Takin damuna a cikin bazara
Yawan kayan rasberi ya dogara da takin ƙasa. Idan an amfani da takin mai magani zuwa wurin kafin dasawa, ana fara suturar yau da kullun don kakar wasa ta gaba.
Idan aka dasa rasberi cikin redom ɗin a cikin ƙasa mai haɓaka, za su fara ciyar da shi don kakar mai zuwa
Gyara raspberries sun fi buƙatu akan yanayin girma fiye da raspberries na irin bazara na yau da kullun, kuma suna buƙatar sau biyu mafi abinci. Bayan duk wannan, sai ta sarrafa fitar da tuki daga karce kuma ta ba da amfanin gona gaba daya a cikin kaka daya. Bugu da kari, yawan amfanin nau'in gyaran ya ninka har sau 2-3 fiye da na irin na bazara, wanda ke nuna cewa cire kayan abinci shima ya fi girma.
A farkon lokacin bazara, don ci gaban aiki na sassan iska na shuka, suna buƙatar nitrogen. Tare da matsananciyar yunwa, ci gaban harbe ya rage gudu, ganyayyaki ya juya launin rawaya.
Rashin sinadarin Nitrogen na iya haifar da chlorosis rasberi
Rasberi yana ba da amsa ga musamman ga gabatarwar kwayoyin halitta, wanda ba kawai ya cika tsirrai tare da abubuwan da ake buƙata na gina jiki ba, har ma yana inganta tsarin ƙasa, yana haifar da yanayi mafi kyau ga tushen samuwar haɓaka microflora mai amfani. Kafin budding, an gabatar da mullein na ruwa (1:10) ko jiko na kaji (1:20) tare da lissafin 3 l / m wanda aka gabatar a ƙarƙashin tsire-tsire na fruiting.2. Kafin fure, zaku iya maimaita wannan miya.
Jiko na zuriyar dabbobi na kaji yana ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin Organic mai yawa, wanda ya zama dole don tsirrai a farkon haɓaka
Marubucin waɗannan layin yana amfani da takin zamani (nettle, dandelion infusions) da burodin ƙoshin abinci a matsayin abincin gargajiya. Na tsarma ruwa mai ruwa da ruwa (1:10) kuma suna aiwatar da ciyawar taki, na ciyar da 500 ml a kowane daji.
Nettle ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin digestible waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban tushen, sa tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari
Dole ne a haɗe takin gargajiya tare da takin ma'adinai, rashi wanda yake haifar da saurin lalacewa na ƙasa. A farkon lokacin girma, Nitroammofoska (60 g m2), urea (30 g m2), ammonium nitrate (40 g m2) Zaku iya tsarma mullein (3 kg) da urea (15 g) a cikin lita 10 na ruwa ku zuba lita 1 a ƙarƙashin daji.
Tushen tushen nau'in Rasberi yana gyara yanayin kasancewar chlorine a cikin ƙasa, sabili da haka, dole ne a yi amfani da takin mai magani na chlorine.
A lokacin ƙirƙirar amfanin gona, raspberries musamman buƙatar phosphorus da potassium. Ragewar waɗannan abubuwan alama zasu iya haifar da hana tsire-tsire. Tare da rashin potassium, ganyayyakin ya yi zafi kuma ya zama launin duhu a gefuna. Tare da matsananciyar yunwa, furen ya yi farin ciki, faranti ganye suna samun launin shuɗi.
A lokacin da rashi phosphorus bar juya purple
Sabili da haka, don mafi kyawun saita 'ya'yan itatuwa da haɓaka ɗanɗano bayan fure, yana da amfani don aiwatar da riguna na sama da foliar tare da Crystal (10 g 10 l). Amfani da wannan takin yana taimakawa haɓaka yawan aiki ta hanyar 30%, haɓaka abun cikin sukari da 3%.
Raspberries suna amsar taki bisa ga takardar
Don tushen girki, yi amfani da takin gargajiya na ruwa (30 ml 10 l) ko bushewar potassium sulfate (30 g m2) ko magnesium potassium (15 g) tare da superphosphate (60 g). Bayan yin bushewar abubuwan hakar ma'adanai, shayarwa wajibi ne.
Tsarin ruwa na ruwa na Universalaya da liquidasa yana inganta haɓaka tsarin tushen tsirrai da haɓaka yawan aiki
Loosening da mulching
Soilasa a cikin rasberi ya kamata a sako shi kuma a kwance shi a kan kari don ƙirƙirar tsarin mafi kyau-ruwa na tsire-tsire. Wannan magani yana ba da damar yin iska da danshi zuwa tushen, yana haifar da yanayi mai kyau don haɓakar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. An fara noman bazara na farko kafin a buɗe furanni zuwa zurfin 7 cm a jere, ɗan ƙara zurfi a cikin jere-jere, ta hanyar 10-15 cm. Bayan haka, ana ɗaukar tillage kamar yadda ciyawa suke yin hawan ƙasa.
Ya kamata a kwance ƙasa a cikin rasberi kuma an cire ciyayi akan lokaci
Gardenerswararrun lambu sun rufe ƙasa a cikin ciyawa rasberi - a wannan yanayin, babu buƙatar loosening. Tsarin ciyawa mai kauri tare da kauri na 8 cm yana hana ci gaba da ciyawa da saurin fitar danshi daga danshi. Koyaya, yankuna mulched daga kaka dumi sama da sannu a hankali, daga baya ciyayi da fruiting fara.
Ta amfani da ciyawa, zaku iya daidaita tsarin zafin rana na ƙasa. A cikin bazara, sabunta Layer na ciyawa, Ina rufe tushen yankin tare da bambaro ko hay. Haske mai launi na kayan halitta na taimaka wajan haskaka hasken rana, yana kare matsanancin zafi daga tsananin zafi, ta haka ne yake samar da zazzabi wanda yake da kwanciyar hankali ga tsiro.
Ciyayi mai haske yana haskaka hasken rana kuma yana hana dumama kasar gona
Bidiyo: aikin bazara akan bishiyoyi
Kasar gona danshi a cikin bazara
Gyaran raspberries suna buƙatar akan danshi ƙasa. Ba shi yiwuwa a sami babban amfanin gona ba tare da ban ruwa na yau da kullun ba, musamman ma yankuna masu bushewa. Koyaya, ya kamata a guji hana ruwa gudu. Tare da tururuwar ruwa, musanyawar iska yana ƙaruwa, haɗarin haɓaka tushen rot yana ƙaruwa. Bugu da kari, kasar gona tayi sanyi, wanda zai jinkirta ci gaban tsirrai a bazara. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a daidaita yawan abubuwan ban ruwa dangane da yanayin yanayi.
Bayan narkewar dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa, don kauce wa ambaliyar ruwa, an fara fitar da ruwa na farko lokacin da aka bushe saman. Idan babu ruwan sama a cikin bazara, ana shayar da raspberries sau ɗaya a mako, ana kashe 10 l na ruwa a kan daji har sai tushen ƙasa ya jike zuwa zurfin cm 35. Ruwa raspberries kafin fure yana da mahimmanci musamman. A lokutan ruwa, ba a aiwatar da ƙarin hydration.
Fr raspberries sau ɗaya a mako, jawabin da lita 10 a kowane daji
Hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita na shayar da bishiyoyi akan maɓallin lambatu shine ta hanyar yayyafa ruwa, a cikin ruwa ake ɗaɗɗaɗa ruwa daga mai toshe tare da mai toka ko ta amfani da masu yayyafa. Wannan hanyar yana da tasiri musamman a matsanancin zafi: rassan tare da ganye da ƙasa a kewayen bushes an jike su sosai, kuma yanayin iska yana tashi sosai. Amma a lokaci guda, yawan amfani da ruwa yana da yawa.
Lokacin yayyafa ruwa, ana yayyafa ruwa akan daji, yana da kyau ba kawai rassan tare da ganye ba, har ma da iska
Yawancin mazauna rani sun fi son hanyar tattalin arziki ta hanyar shayarwa - akan tsagi. A kewayen bushes yi tsagi 15 cm zurfi cikin abin da aka kawo ruwa daga guga ko tiyo.
A kan tsire-tsire rasberi, ya fi dacewa don amfani da ban ruwa na ruwa, wanda ke ba da damar cim ma danshi ƙasa a duk layuka. Tsarin samar da ruwa ta bututu tare da magudanar ruwa ya zama mai sarrafa kansa, ruwa ya shiga cikin tushen sashi cikin tsaftataccen tsari.
Lokacin ban ruwa daskarewa, ana kawo ruwa ta bututu kuma ƙasa a cikin bishiyoyi rasberi ana ɗaukar ruwa a ko'ina
Shoot garter
Gyara raspberries yawanci suna girma cikin daji mai ƙarfi, barga kuma basa buƙatar tallafi. Koyaya, lokacin da girma a kan trellis, duk rassan suna a ko'ina suna lit, da iska mai kyau kuma kada ku kwanta a ƙasa a ƙarƙashin nauyin berries. Yawancin lokaci suna amfani da trellis masu layi biyu tare da tsayin 2 m Yana da sauƙi yin shi da kanka ta hanyar shigar da ginshiƙai tare kowane layi na raspberries kowane 3 m kuma cire waya a cikin su cikin layuka 2: a tsayi na 60 cm da cm 130. Ana aiwatar da Garter yayin da harbe-harbe suke girma. Lokacin girma amfanin gona ninki biyu, ya fi dacewa a rarraba rassan zuwa rassan shekaru biyu, suna ba da 'ya'yan itace a lokacin rani, da matasa masu girma, wanda zai ba da damar faduwa.
Girma raspberries tare da tallafi na bayar da gudummawa ga kyakkyawan aiki na bushes da dumama dumama
Single bushes za a iya gyarawa zuwa fegi ko kafa a cikin wani fan. Lokacin da fan garter ga goyon baya shigar a cikin wani hanya, wani ɓangare na rassan daya daji da kuma wani ɓangare na wani an gyara.
Cutar da rigakafin kwaro
Gyara raspberries suna da ƙarfi a rigakafi ga cututtuka, da wuya aka fallasa su ga kwaro. Amma yanayin damuna mai sanyi yana iya haifar da ci gaba na ayyukan ɓarna na tushen tsarin, idan ba a kiyaye dokokin fasahar noma ba, ana iya kunna kwari masu cutarwa. Sabili da haka, a farkon bazara wajibi ne don gudanar da rigakafin rigakafin ciyayi. Kafin fure, zaka iya amfani da ingantattun magunguna. A farkon Afrilu, lokacin da iska ta tashi zuwa +150C, don kare kan cututtukan fungal, da bushes da ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsu ana bi da su da 3% na Bordeaux cakuda, 1% bayani na sulfate jan karfe. Kafin fure, wajibi ne don fesa tsire-tsire tare da maganin Topaz (2 ml 10 l).
Don hana ci gaban launin toka, ya zama dole don bi da bushes tare da shirye-shiryen jan ƙarfe a farkon bazara
A cikin bazara, rasberi raster kunna, a bushe dumi weather rasberi rassa kewaye mazaunan duka aphid mazauna. Madara lemun tsami (1 kilogiram na lemun tsami 10 l) zai taimaka wajen kawar da kwatsam daga itacen asu rasberi. Fesa tare da bayani na Fitoverm ko Nitrafen (30 g 10 l) a cikin lokaci na kore mazugi kuma kafin fure zai kare rasberi daga mamayar aphids.
Dry ruwan sama a cikin bazara na bayar da tasu gudummawa ga yawan tarin aphids akan raspberries.
Kula da remont raspberries a fall
Kayan fasaha na kula da damina don girbin bishiyar girbin bisharar ya dogara da yawan amfanin gona da suke shirin girba a kaka mai zuwa. Abubuwan yanayin yanayin yankin kuma suna yin gyare-gyare.
Rasberi saman miya da danshi jikewa
Bayan mun girbe, kuna buƙatar ciyar da bushes don dawo da ƙarfi da shiri don kakar mai zuwa. A lokacin kaka, lokacin tono ƙasa, ana amfani da takin mai magani na phosphate-potassium (40 g na superphosphate da 20 g na potassium sulfate m2).
A Hauwa na frosts, yawan pre-hunturu watering ne da za'ayi, jawabin 20 lita na ruwa da kowane daji. A mafi girma da danshi wadata, da yake mafi shuka zai hunturu. Sannan tushen yankin an mulched da humus. Autumn mulching ne da za'ayi domin kare tushen tsarin daga sanyi iska da sanyi. Bugu da kari, ta hanyar bazara, kwayoyin suka tsallaka, suna inganta tsarin kasar gona da wadatar da shi da abubuwan gina jiki.
A cikin kaka, rasberi bushes ciyawa humus
Autar pruning
Lokacin da kake shirin girbi sau biyu a shekara mai zuwa, bayan daukana berries, an yanke fiɗa na shekara-shekara, harbe da ke shekaru biyu da ba zasu ƙara yin 'ya'yan itace ba, kuma an kawar da ƙwararrun matasa masu rauni gabaɗaya.
Yin kirgawa a kan amfanin gona mai ninki biyu, mai shekaru biyu ne kawai aka yanka a kaka
Koyaya, a cikin masana'antun masana'antu, ana girma bishiyar remont don samar da amfanin gona guda, saboda a lokacin tumbin farkon ƙarfe na berries, shuka ya ba da makamashi mai yawa, kwanakin kaka suna yin juji, kuma ana ɗanɗano 'ya'yan itaciyar. A wannan yanayin, a watan Nuwamba, bayan daskarewa ƙasar, an yanke samari da tsofaffi, barin kawai rhizome, wanda a cikin bazara zai ba da sabon fure.
A cikin kaka, an sare dukkan harbe har ƙasa
Bidiyo: yadda ake datsa kayan girki
Kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Yawancin kwari a cikin hunturu a cikin rassan bushe da ganyayyaki, don haka a ƙarshen lokacin bayan tsabtacewa, ya kamata a cire duk tarkokin shuka daga shafin. Ana kula da rasberi tare da maganin Karbofos (75 g 10 l), Kemifos (10 g 10 l).
Karbofos magani ne mai inganci don karin kwari
Ana shirya raspberries don hunturu
Girma remont raspberries a matsayin amfanin gona na shekara-shekara yana kawar da matsalar daminar hunturu da daskarewa harbewa. Bayan cire sassan m, rasberi yana peeled na mai tushe da foliage kuma an rufe rhizomes na ciyawa.
Idan an girma raspberries don samun amfanin gona na ninki biyu, ana cire rassan shekaru biyu kawai, an haɗe annuals kuma an ɗora ƙasa.
Ana shirya raspberries don hunturu, an dasa mai tushe kuma an zage shi ƙasa
Fasali na kulawa da wazirin girbin bishiya a Siberiya
Kwarewar girma bishiyoyi na remont ya nuna cewa a yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi, nau'in zabin kasashen waje basu da lokacin yin ripen kafin farkon sanyi. Don tsakiyar ɓangaren Rasha, Far East, Siberiya da Urals, nau'in sanyi mai tsaurin gida tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin tsiro a cikin ƙarshen Yuli da farkon watan Agusta ya kamata a zaɓi: Farjin Firdausi, Apricot, Bazazzagewa, Lokacin bazara na Indiya 2, Eurasia, Zarya maraice, Barnaul.
Yawancin nau'ikan a Cibiyar Horon Aikin Noman ƙasar Siberiya tana daidai da tsayayya da sanyi da kwari.
Dasa shuki seedlings zai fi kyau a cikin fall, makonni 3 kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. A wannan lokacin, tsire-tsire suna da lokaci don ɗauka tushe, daidaita da sabon yanayin rayuwa, kuma a kakar wasa mai zuwa, duk ƙoƙarin ya kamata a karkatar da ci gaban harbe da samuwar amfanin gona.
Ya kamata a kammala dasa shuki a cikin kaka 3 makonni 3 kafin a fara yanayin sanyi
A Siberiya, a cikin yanayin gajeren bazara da rashin zafi a cikin bazara, yana da kyau a shuka remont raspberries don mafi kyawun tsiro na amfanin gona kusa da gine-gine, a cikin yanki mai cike da haske inda dusar ƙanƙara ke narkewa da wuri. A cikin yankuna na arewacin, ana bada shawara don dasa bishiyoyi a cikin manyan dogo. A lokaci guda, kasar gona ta tashi sama da sauri, ba ta jika ba, an fi bayar da iska tare da iska, wanda ke da tasiri mai amfani ga ci gaban tsirrai.
A Arewa, suna ba da shawarar dasa bishiyoyi akan tsauraran kwari
Bidiyo: Gidan Brovchenko - dasa shuki a cikin huhu a cikin gado mai sanyi, Siberia
Don hanzarta farkon lokacin girma, a farkon lokacin bazara bayan na ɓoye ƙasa, na rufe yankin da duhu lutrasil. A ƙarƙashin abin rufewa, ƙasa za ta dumama da kyau, harbe zai yi girma da sauri, fure zai fara a baya, kuma raspberries zasu sami lokaci don ba da amfanin gona gaba ɗaya tun farkon yanayin sanyi. Da zaran sprouts din sun bayyana, na cire kayan duhu kuma in maye gurbinsu da agrofibre, wanda na zana a jikin bangarorin. Lokacin da bushes yayi girma, Na cire tsari.
Abubuwan duhu suna jan hankalin haskoki na rana, a sakamakon haka, ƙasa akan tonon yana dumama sauri
Tun lokacin da aka karo na biyu na girbi da dama a ƙarshen bazara - farkon kaka, lokacin da ya rigaya ya kasance sanyi da damshi a yankuna na arewacin, remont raspberries yawanci suna girma a cikin katako ko kuma an rufe shi da spanbond akan trellis.
Saboda haka cikakke berries ba su karba ta farkon frosts, a cikin arewacin yankunan a kaka, bushes an rufe shi da agrofiber
Ganin yanayin matsanancin yanayin hunturu na Siberian, ya wajaba a kula da ƙarin rufin bushes. Ko da yake m ɓangare na hunturu-Hardy raspberries iya jure wa sanyi har zuwa -280C, a cikin tsananin sanyi harbe da rhizomes iya daskare, musamman tare da kadan murfin dusar ƙanƙara. Sabili da haka, an yafa mai tushe tare da ƙasa ko an rufe shi da kayan da bai saka ba. A cikin hunturu, tabbas an zuba dusar ƙanƙara - a ƙarƙashin bargo mai ruwa, raspberries ba sa jin tsoron ko da tsananin sanyi.
Kafin sanyi, ciyawar rasberi ana lanƙwasa kuma an yayyafa shi da ƙasa
Kula da remont raspberries a Ukraine
Bayani dalla-dalla na namo bishiyoyi a cikin Ukraine da kuma a Kudancin Rasha ya faru ne saboda yanayin canjin yanayi - lokacin sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara mai zafi. Tsire-tsire suna da hunturu ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa ba, yanayin thaws da ƙanƙantar da kai. Iska mai bushe ta kwashe danshi daga layin bara da iskar kankara, inda akasarin tushen rasberi yake kwance. A cikin bazara, a cikin hasken rana, harbe-harbe da sauri ya bushe, ganye suna juya launin rawaya da wuri. Sabili da haka, babban matsalar noman rasberi a yankuna na kudancin shine yanke hukunci na harbe, wanda ke ƙayyade ainihin bukatun abubuwan dasa:
- Dole ne a kiyaye rasberi sosai daga iska ta shinge, shinge ko ginin lambu. Ya kamata a kasance da manyan filaye a wuraren da kewayen gandun daji.
Babban shinge dogara ne kan kare ciyayi na bishiyoyi daga iska mai karfi
- Yana da Dole a tsara ban ruwa na wucin gadi wanda ya sa tsirrai su sami adadin danshi da ake buƙata a duk tsawon lokacin girma. Ba tare da yawan ruwa na yau da kullun ba, berries ɗin za su bushe, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai zama kaɗan.
Ya kamata a huya Raspberries a cikin tsawon lokacin girma
- A cikin Ukraine, ya kamata a dasa bishiyoyin bushes a cikin yankin da ke da tsabta, amma saboda haka an girgiza su akalla hoursan awanni. A cikin rana mai haske sosai, an yanyanka berries, rasa juiciness da dandano. Sabili da haka, a lokacin zamani, an dasa plantings da spanbond ko raga. Tare da bishiyoyi rasberi zaka iya shuka albarkatu masu tsayi - masara, sunflower. A farkon girma, ba su tsoma baki tare da bushes don karɓi dole zafin rana, kuma a karo na biyu rabin lokacin rani, tun kai babba size, sun ƙirƙiri fuka-fuki don kare berries daga konewa. A cikin mafi kyawun tsarin mulki na yanayin zafi, kusan dukkanin nau'ikan suna da lokaci don takin zuwa sanyi.
A cikin canjin yanayin zafi, dole ne a girgiza bushes na rasberi
Yana da Dole a zabi nau'ikan rasberi da aka yi niyya don narkar da yanayin zafi. Yana da matukar muhimmanci su kasance fari da zafin rana, alal misali, Satumba, Heritage (Amurka), Lyulin (Bulgaria), Zeva Herbstern (Switzerland), Ottom Blues (Ingila). Irin nau'ikan zaɓi na cikin gida - abun wuya Ruby, Crane, bazara ta Indiya, Lu'u-lu'u, Firebird, Eurasia - sun tabbatar da kansu sosai.
Eurasia na iya haɓaka aiki tare da fruita fruitan itace a bangarorin yanayi daban-daban
Bidiyon: Rasberi Rasf
A cikin yanayin zafi mai dumi, ana shuka seedlings a cikin bazara da kaka. Mafi kyawun ranar sauka shine kaka: a tsakiya da arewacin Ukraine - Oktoba, a kudu - Nuwamba. Kafin farkon sanyi, tsire-tsire suna da lokaci don ɗauka tushe, kuma a cikin bazara da kuzari ku ƙaura zuwa girma. Kuna iya dasa shuki a cikin bazara. Amma lokacin ciyayi yana farawa anan, da wuri, ƙasa da iska suna yin zafi da sauri, kuma mafi yawancin seedlings, har bayan ban ruwa, basu taɓa yin shuka ba, sai su mutu. Waɗanda suka ɗauki tushe za su ba da isasshen amfanin gona ƙasa da shuka mai kaka.
Raspberries dasa a cikin kaka fara girma a cikin bazara
Idan a cikin yankuna na arewacin shi ne fin so ka dasa raspberries a kan ridges, a kudu irin wannan babbar tarko da sauri overheats da kuma rasa danshi, wanda barnatar da shafi shuke-shuke.
Daban-daban a cikin kudancin yankunan da pruning remontant raspberries. Yanke yan lokaci na harbe a cikin dumin yanayi na iya tayar da farkawa da ci gaban sababbin alkalami. Autumn aiki na shuke-shuke take kaiwa zuwa wani rauni na rhizome kafin wintering. Sabili da haka, a cikin Ukraine ana bada shawara don yanke harbe ba a cikin kaka ba, amma a farkon bazara.
Don yankuna tare da yanayin dumin yanayi, gyaran nau'in rasberi shine ainihin abin nema, tunda sun samar da amfanin gona a ƙarshen bazara, lokacin da zafi ya saukad da shi, yanayin iska ya tashi, kuma an kirkiro yanayi mai kyau don ci gaban berries. Duk da yake nau'ikan rani, fruiting wanda yakan faru a farkon rabin bazara - mafi yawan lokacin bushewa, ba su bambanta cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Kula da remont raspberries a cikin Urals
A cikin Urals, mafi ingantaccen ingantaccen farkon tsufa remontant iri irin su m da Wikkinight, wanda ya nuna barga dawo a ƙarshen bazara bazara. Irƙirar mahaifa ta gida, suna dacewa da yanayi mai wahala. Ana samun nasarar yin nasarar shuka bishiyoyi marasa nasara kusa da Sheksna, a cikin yankin Nizhny Tagil, kusa da Khabarovsk, a Biysk.
Rasberi m ba shi da suna saboda abin mamaki tsawon itace, wanda yake a zahiri har zuwa dusar ƙanƙara
Penguin, Firebird, 18-19-10, 15-136-6, 8-9-11, 24-151-1, tare da yuwuwar yawan kashi 70-80%, suma sun dace da yanayin sanyi. Abubuwan da aka samar da ƙananan ƙananan sun nuna ta iri daban-daban Bryansk Divo, Augustine, Golden Domes, Hercules, 'yar Hercules, Ruby Abun Wuya, Miracle Orange, Diamond.
Dandana lambu san cewa sanyi juriya da rawaya iri-iri na Golden Domes ne muhimmanci fi yadda na ja-fruited shrubs.
Koyaya, saboda yanayin yanayin, ana bada shawara don haɓaka su a cikin sake zagayowar guda ɗaya, yana yanke duk mai tushe bayan fruiting. Wannan ya haifar da raunin danshi a cikin ƙasa a cikin kaka, wanda ke haifar da fashewar harbe-harbe lokacin da aka auna nauyi. Bugu da kari, a farkon lokacin hunturu, kusan babu dusar ƙanƙara a wannan yankin, kuma an lanƙwasa mai tushe ba tare da murfin dusar ƙanƙara ba, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa -26-31 ° C, yawanci yakan mutu.
Idan har yanzu kuna barin harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara zuwa hunturu, suna daɗaɗewa tare da kayan da ba saka ba. Da farko aiwatar da yawan ruwa-loading ban ruwa da mulching daga cikin tushen yankin tare da humus Layer na 10 cm.
A cikin canjin yanayin sanyi, ya zama dole don rufe bushes rasberi tare da agrofibre
Bugu da kari, yana da matukar muhimmanci a farkar da tsire-tsire tun da wuri domin a hanzarta hanzarin tumatir. Don yin wannan, an rufe duwatsun da duhu kayan da ba a saka ba a farkon bazara, kuma bayan fitowar tsiro, ana yin matsuguni na wucin gadi a cikin shinge har sai harbe ya girma zuwa cm 15 A cikin yanayin greenhouse, ɓangaren samaniya yana haɓakawa sosai, tsarin tushe yana tsiro, ya shimfiɗa ci gaban tsirrai a buɗe ƙasa ta 2 makonni. Fitar da ƙasa a farkon kakar tare da bayani na Baikal EM 1 (10 ml 10 l) tare da ƙari na 1 tbsp kuma zai taimaka wajen hanzarta haɓakar remont raspberries. tablespoons molasses. Magungunan yana ba da ci gaban tsirrai a cikin 20%.
Magungunan Baikal EM 1 yana haɓaka ci gaban aiki na tsirrai
Gyara raspberries za'a iya girma ba kawai don dalilin girbi ba, har ma a matsayin wani ɓangaren kayan aikin lambu na ado. Kuna iya shirya shi a cikin nau'i na ƙananan labule mai haske, waɗanda aka kafa ta 3 bushes. Lokacin ƙirƙirar irin wannan rukunin, yana da kyawawa don amfani da iri tare da launi daban-daban na berries.
Gyara raspberries za a iya girma ba kawai azaman amfanin gona na Berry ba, har ma a matsayin wani ɓangaren kayan ado na lambun
Mai kulawa mai sauƙi, tsayayya da cuta, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu inganci da tsawon lokacin da suke cinyewa suna sa remont raspberries ɗayan shahararrun amfanin gona na Berry. Ana iya girma a cikin yankuna daban-daban na yanayi tare da samun sabbin berries dama har zuwa lokacin sanyi. Amma a lokaci guda, wajibi ne don sanin peculiarities na horar da gyara nau'in a cikin wannan yankin kuma zaɓi nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayin gida.
