Kulawar bazara don dasa shuki lambu strawberries

Strawberries (strawberries na daji) - Berry yana da dadi, ƙoshin lafiya da ƙaunar mutane da yawa. A lokaci guda, tsire-tsire ne mai ƙoshin gaske kuma yana buƙatar yarda da tsarin matakan agrotechnical wanda ya kamata a fara a farkon bazara, in ba haka ba mai lambu bai ga girbin yalwatacce ba, kuma tsire-tsire da kansu ya kamata ya zama marar kulawa ba tare da kulawa ba kuma zai zama ganima ga kwari da cututtuka.

Farka, strawberries: matakan kulawa na farko

Domin ciyawar da take da '' strawberry bushes '' farka '' daga baccin hunturu kuma a tashi a girma, ba shakka, dumama wajibi ne. Idan marmaro ne farkon, to tsire-tsire za su fara ciyayi a baya. Amma dalilai na halitta kadai basu isa ba don nasarar ci gaba na lambun strawberries. Dole ne mai aikin lambu ya yi aiki tuƙuru.

Don samun irin wannan girbi mai ban mamaki na lambun strawberries, kuna buƙatar fara kula da shi, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo

Da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma ƙasa ta bushe kawai saboda ku iya isa zuwa gadaje na strawberry, irin wannan aikin yana farawa:

1. Janar tsabtatawa. A yawancin yankuna, ban da na kudu, ana ajiye strawberries don lokacin hunturu don kare su daga daskarewa. Tare da sutura (mulching) abu, suna yin wannan:
   • Idan aka yi amfani da ganyen masara, ganye, bambaro, wato, sassan tsirrai, ana tara su ana ƙone su. Babu cikin takin tsirarwa, ko a matsayin ciyawa, ba su dace ba: wataƙila sun sami mafaka ko ɓarin kwari na kwayar cuta, ko kwari - masu son liyafa a kan strawberries. Yana halatta kada a “goge” ciyawar da take jujjuya wa ƙasa ba idan ma'anar shafin ya tabbata cewa akwai pestsan kwari a kan strawberries bara kuma an samu nasarar yaƙi da su. A farkon loosening, wannan ciyawa dan kadan an yayyafa shi da ƙasa, amfani dashi azaman taki.
   • Idan an rufe strawberries tare da fim, to, yana buƙatar warkewa. An wanke kananan kayan abu kuma an adana su a cikin maganin maganin tagulla, chloroxide na jan ƙarfe, da manyan shinge an shimfiɗa su, a wanke su da sabulu da ruwa sannan a fesa su da fungicides iri ɗaya. Fim mai tsabta, busassun na iya rufe gadaje lokacin da suke shirye.
2. Shuka tsaftacewa Daga karkashin dusar ƙanƙara, da bushes na strawberries suna bayyana marasa tushe, tare da bushe ganye, ragowar gashin-baki, watakila a wasu wuraren akwai shinge mara tushe. An kuma cire dukkanin wadannan bangarorin na tsirrai, amma ba a kakkarye su ba, amma an datse su da shearshen lambun kuma an lalace. Ana iya yin wannan ba kawai ta hanyar ƙona ba, har ma ta hanyar tono, zai fi dacewa nesa daga gadaje na strawberry Manufar wasu lambu da lambu “Duk abin da ke cikin takin” na strawberries bai dace kuma yana iya samun sakamako mafi bakin ciki, tunda wannan Berry yana da laushi kuma takin domin yakamata ya ƙunshi abubuwa marasa lahani kawai.
   

   Ganye da bushe da gashin baki dole ne a yanka a hankali tare da keɓe tare da lalata su

3. Lokacin da aka tsabtace gadaje kuma bushes ɗin suna da tsabta, ya kamata a kula don tabbatar da tsarin aikin su. Ickaickaickan farin ciki yana damun ci gaban tsirrai, bugu da ,ari, idan ba a cika samun isassun ciyawa ba, ana iya yin barazanar da launin toka da fari na 'ya'yan itacen. Saboda haka, duk tsire-tsire tare da alamun rashin lafiya, lalata, dwarfism an cire, kuma matasa harbe da aka saya ko bred a bara daga mustaches ana shuka su a cikin wani wuri kyauta. Mafi kyawun tsarin saukowa:
   • layi daya (layin 50-60 cm daga layi da 20-30 cm a jere tsakanin tsirrai);
   • layi biyu (20 cm tsakanin bushes, 30 cm tsakanin layuka, 70 tsakanin gadaje).
     

     Dasa bayan 15 cm a jere ana amfani dashi ƙasa da ƙasa, tunda yawancin ire-iren strawberries, suna bayyana kullun a kasuwa, suna da rosette mai ƙarfi kuma suna ba da amfanin gona guda biyu a shekara, sabili da haka, suna buƙatar babban ciyarwa.

4. Sabuntawa da wadatar ƙasa. Wasu lambu suna ba da shawarar cire topsoil don tushen ya fi kyau. Amma strawberries strawberries suna da peculiarity: na tsawon lokaci, sun fara "bulge" daga ƙasa, don haka mai yiwuwa ana buƙatar ƙara shi zuwa ƙasa mai kyau, ƙasa mai kyau fiye da cire tsohon. Saboda haka, kasar gona yana kwance kuma an kara da taki mai narkewa, humus (kowace guga a kowace murabba'in mita).
   

   Idan tushen shuka ya zama danda, kana buƙatar cika su da ƙasa mai daɗi ko humus

5. Idan kasar gona ta yi nasarar bushe, kafin a kwance gado ana shayar da yalwa.
   

   A cikin bazara, yana da kyau don ba da ruwa strawberries - wannan yana ba da gudummawar ci gaban ganyayyaki

Ciyar da mulching

A lokacin da takin tsire-tsire, babban abinda ba shine ya wuce gona da iri ba, in ba haka ba lahanin zai zama mafi inganci fiye da kyau. Idan an dasa gado a faɗo, to babu buƙatar ciyar da tsirrai - takin da ya shimfiɗa lokacin dasawa zai isa ya ciyar a lokacin fure.

Fresh taki ba za a iya kawo a cikin bazara. Da fari dai, wuce haddirsa zai sa strawberries ya girma ganye, kuma ba ya ‘ya’ya. Abu na biyu, daga wuce hadarin bushes ammonia na iya "ƙonewa". Kuma abu na uku, takin nitrogen mai wuce haddi yana sa lambun strawberries ya fi saurin kamuwa da cuta. Amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa ba a buƙatar takin mai magani na takin gargajiya na strawberry. Ana iya ciyar da abinci na Nitrogen daga mullein ta hanyar ɗaukar rabin-lita na gwangwani a guga na ruwa, ko daga kwararar tsuntsaye (kashi 1 zuwa 15 na ruwa, ba ƙari ba). Mullein nace 3-4 hours, zuriyar dabbobi irin wannan shiri ba a bukatar. A ƙarƙashin daji, zuba har zuwa 0.5 l na bayani.

Kuna iya ciyar da strawberries tare da takin zamani na musamman, sune ma'adinai da ma'adinai na gargajiya

Mahimmanci! Kada ku ƙara yawan lokacin da kuke amfani da taki tare da taki nitrogen, wanda hakan ba zai haifar da haɓakar haɓakar ganye ba don lalata itingan itace.

Ciyar da ash a hade tare da superphosphate zai maye gurbin takin mai magani. Gilashin gilashin biyu na ash da dinki na superphosphate a cikin lita 10 na ruwa zasu daidaita tsirrai tare da abubuwan da aka gano. Ash yana da amfani a cikin strawberries kuma a bushe bushe. Sifted, ana iya warwatsa a cikin hanyoyin, har da pollinate bushes, game da shi kare su daga aphids da sauran baƙi baƙi.

Wadanda suka fi son magungunan muhalli ya kamata su kula da ciyar da yisti (daga burodin da aka saka cikin ruwa), maganin 1 lita na whey a guga na ruwa, ko kuma jiko na nettle da ciyawa. Ana kiyaye waɗannan ganyen daji a cikin ruwa tsawon kwanaki 4-5, suna haifar da fermentation, sannan a shayar da strawberries, suna kashe har zuwa lita na jiko a ƙarƙashin daji.

Bayan duk matakan agrotechnical, kasar gona akan gado strawberry yakamata a mulched tare da kayan halitta ko kayan wucin gadi:

• fim;
• masana'anta marasa kan gado;
• sawdust;
• yankakken bambaro;
• bushe ciyawa
• takin;
• ganye humus.

An zubar da ciyawa tare da wani yanki na 4-7 cm, amma ba ƙari don kada ya tsangwama tare da dumama ƙasa da rana

Arewa da strawberry girma yankin, da thinner da Layer da ciyawa yafa masa a cikin bazara ya kamata.

Muna yaki da kwari da cututtuka

Tun da strawberries guda biyu suna da ƙoshin lafiya, ba wai kawai masu mallakar gonar ba, har ma da kwari da yawa, har ma da tarkoki, suna son jin daɗin fruitsya fruitsyan itãcensa. Kuma cututtukan fungal ba na mata bane. Kamar yadda ka sani, cutar mafi sauki don hana fiye da bi da, kuma strawberries ba togiya. Kuma da zaran an aiwatar da rigakafin, hakan zai ci nasara sosai.

Tebur: Ciyawar kwari ta bishiyoyi da sarrafa su

Mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan da suka shafi strawberries sune:

• launin toka da fari rot;
• verticillosis;
• Fusarium
• powdery mildew.

Waɗannan sune cututtukan da ke haifar da fungi, kuma hanyoyin da za a iya sarrafa su sun yi kama. Tunda muna magana ne game da lokutan sarrafawa na farko, lokacin da akwai lokaci mai yawa kafin fure, har ma fiye da haka kafin kafa 'ya'yan itace, za'a iya amfani da hanyar kariya ta sunadarai. Amma mahimmancin magungunan jama'a ba za a iya raguwa ba, wani lokacin suna kiyaye amfanin gona a zahiri.

M spraying da cututtuka ne da za'ayi wannan hanyar:

• Fundazole
• Horus
• Topaz
• Fitosporin.

Mutane da yawa lambu shawara ga ruwa strawberry bushes tare da ruwan zafi tare da potassium permanganate - wannan kango kan wintering a daji da dama karin kwari, tsabtace shuka daga cututtuka. Ruwa bai kamata ya zama ruwan zãfi ba, amma kusan 70-80 ° C.

Hoton hoto: cututtuka da kwari na lambun strawberries

Matakan hanawa

Kada mu manta game da weir na zamani, cire ciyawa, shayarwa. Yana da amfani sosai ga ciyawa ciyawa duka tare da kayan halitta (bambaro, ciyawa, fiɗa, wake), kuma tare da fim, agrofibre. Latterarshen ya fi dacewa, saboda yana da ƙananan ƙananan ramuka waɗanda ke ba da isar da zafi da iskar iska zuwa tushen. Wadannan matakan zasu sa shuka ta zama mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi, kwari ba za su ji tsoron hakan ba.

Kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin yaƙar cututtukan cututtuka da kwari masu lahani ana ba su ta haɗakar dasa bishiyoyi da albasarta. Phytoncides da ke cikin albasarta ya ɓoye ta hanyar cutuka da yawa, kuma ticks da nemodu ba sa son ƙanshi. Marigolds, lupins, Peas kuma suna kashe kwari iri na strawberry.

Hadin gwiwa tsakanin dasa albasa da dabbobin daji suna samun karbuwa sosai

Bidiyo: sarrafa strawberries bayan hunturu

Lokacin bacci na bazara

Don dasa shuki na bazara na strawberries, muna shirya gonar ta wannan hanyar:

1. Muna aiwatar da maganin maganin sulfate (2 tbsp.spoons a guga na ruwa).
2. Tona ƙasa zuwa zurfin 25-30 cm.
3. Ciyar da takaddara mai narkewa-da kyau, maganin mullein, zuriyar dabbobi, ash.
4. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, ku ba shi ruwa (zuwa guga na ruwa a kowace murabba'in mita).
5. Bayan ruwa, dan kadan kwance ƙasa tare da fenti, ɗan chopper saboda kada ɓawon burodi ya samar.

Bidiyo: Kulawar strawberry da ta dace

Kamar yadda suke faɗi, ba tare da wahala ba ... ba za a yi berry mai daɗin ɗanɗano ba. Aiki a kan kula da bushes na daji strawberries fara a farkon spring, kuma wannan shi ne barata. Ba da daɗewa ba za a ɗaukar wata hadadden matakan kariya, mafi girma da alama cewa tsire-tsire za su kasance lafiya, ƙarfi da bayar da kyakkyawan girbi.