Yadda za a magance begonias: tushe, tuber, furanni matasan

Mafi unpreentious begonias ne tushen. Basu buƙatar tsara lokacin hutu, kamar bututu. Koyaya, kulawar tushe yana buƙatar kulawa ta shekara. A cikin hunturu ana ciyar da su, amma ƙasa da akai-akai fiye da lokacin bazara; a cikin bazara. Ko da kuwa nau'in jinsin, duk begonias suna girma sosai kuma suna da farin ciki tare da tasirin adonsu a babban zafi hade da ƙasa mara ruwa. A cikin wannan haɗin, akwai nuances na ruwa: kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa, kawai a cikin kwanon rufi, ba za ku iya fesa ganye ba. Yadda za a kula da fure daidai don ya girma ta kyau kamar a cikin hoto a cikin majallar fure?

Asalin begonia da kuma wasu sifofi

A cikin yanayin, akwai fiye da 1,000 jinsunan begonias. Yawancin nau'ikan iri sun kasance a Kudancin Amurka, Asiya shine na biyu (Indiya, Himalayas, Sri Lanka), kuma yammacin Afirka shine na uku. Akwai zaton cewa Afirka shine wurin haihuwar begonias, kuma daga nan suka yada zuwa Asiya da Amurka. A cikin daji, ana samun tsire-tsire a cikin wurare masu laima da tsaunuka.

Begonia a cikin daji

Wanda ya fara karatun tarihi dan kasar Faransa Charles Plumier ne ya fara bayyana dangi. A shekara ta 1683, ya jagoranci balaguron zuwa tsibiran Caribbean, wanda kwamandan sojojin mulkin mallaka na Faransa Michel Begon ya jagoranta. A can, masanin kimiyyar ya gano tsire-tsire waɗanda ba a san su ba a waccan lokacin, ya ba su kwatanci kuma aka sanya wa suna wanda ya shirya tafiyar.

Abubuwan da aka sani a farkon yau sun bambanta da juna a girma, siffar, canza launin ganye da furanni. Wasu suna da alaƙa da perennial, wasu zuwa shekara-shekara. Akwai ciyawa da ciyayi shrub, tare da creeping ko thickened rhizomes. Amma akwai wani abu gama gari wanda ke haɗa waɗannan tsirrai a cikin iyali guda.

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa na begonias:

• a cikin dukkan jinsuna, begonias sune asymmetric, ganye mai oblique;
• furanni - monoecious;
• tsallake - mai haske mai launi, mara kyau;
• 'ya'yan itacen da tsaba suna kama da akwati;
• duk begonias sun girma a kusan yanayin yanayi guda iri ɗaya: hasken rana, yaduwar zafi, zafin jiki + 13 ... +22 ⁰C.

Bidiyo: wadatar ɗabi'a da launuka na fure

Begonias - furanni don gidaje, lambuna da ofisoshin

A matsayin al'adun ado, begonia tana bunkasa tun daga 1856, lokacin da masu shayarwa suka fara kirkirar dangin sa. Manyan rousan itace-fure iri iri sun bayyana, sanannen shahararren an bred a Belgium. Kiyaye wadannan tsirrai a gida ba shi da wahala, in ba haka ba ba za su shahara sosai ba. Ana fara amfani da Begonias a cikin bude kofofin kuma a kan taga, ana amfani da su don shimfidar wuraren zama da ofisoshi, cikin keɓaɓɓu da daban. Ana dasa furanni a cikin kwanduna da filayen fure don yin ado bango, kayan daki, kuma ana amfani dashi azaman murfin ƙasa. Yawan nau'in Everblooming sun dace da kowane lambun fure, har ma da kafet. Varietiesan itace da yawa suna girma a cikin baranda, verandas, a cikin farfajiyar da ke rufe.

Begonia, azaman ado na gine-gine

Kulawa na gida yana da lambobi na kansa, alal misali, tuber yana buƙatar lokacin hutawa. All begonias son m iska, amma ba sa yi haƙuri m ƙasa. Koyaya, duk wani mai farawa mai shuka zai iya shuka wannan tsiron. Bayan haka, idan wani abu ya faru ba daidai ba, kuma begonia ta fara bushewa, zaku iya ɗaukar ganye ko ganye ku fara girma begonia sake yin la'akari da kurakuran da suka gabata. Al'adar ta sami damar ninka ko da wani ganye, wanda a cikin saurin juyawa ya juya ya koma cikin kyawawan kayan lambu.

Iri na tushen begonias

Madawwami

Babban bambanci tsakanin jinsuna shine fure na dindindin. A lokacin rani zaku iya shuka irin wannan shuka a gonar, a cikin hunturu ku kai shi cikin gidan, kuma ko'ina zai yi fure duk shekara. Waɗannan su ne perenni herbaceous begonias. Alamun waje, ban da furanni na yau da kullun, ganye ne mai zagaye da ƙaramin tsayi: tsayi - har zuwa 36 cm, ba a cika gani ba daga cm 8. Yawancin nau'ikan da ganye ko ganye na burgundy, fararen fari, rawaya, ruwan hoda ko furannin murjani, wanda, bi da bi, suna girma Terry (a cikin hanyar wardi) ko mai sauƙi.

Misalan tsirrai a cikin hoto

Murjani

Cikin gida ciyawa begonias Bloom a farkon bazara da kuma cikakken gaskata sunan su. Furen fentin a cikin launuka daban-daban na ja, kuma sandunan da aka zana da kuma rataye a ƙarƙashin nauyin kuzarin suna kama da murjani. Har ila yau ganyen suna kama da soyayya: elongated, matte, with specks, cloves a gefuna suna kama da fikafikan mala'iku. Mafi yawan abubuwan gani suna kallon tukwane akan coasters. A barin sosai unpretentious. Tsayin Bush - har zuwa 90 cm.

Peduncles a sifa da launi sunyi kama da murjani

Iri na tuberous begonias

Wadannan begonias suna girma a cikin sasanninta na Inuwa na lambu ko a baranda. Furanninsu suna da kyau sosai, dangane da iri-iri, suna kama da fure, albasa, daffodil, peony, camellia. The mai tushe ne fleshy, translucent; ganye suna asymmetric, zuciya-mai siffa. Oyewa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine rhizome wanda ya girma a cikin nau'i na tarin fuka. A cikin bude ƙasa, begonias Bloom daga Yuni zuwa Satumba, kuma a cikin dakin daga bazara zuwa Disamba, to, lokacin hutawa zai fara. Partasan ƙasa yana bushewa, ana adana tarin ƙwayar cuta har zuwa kaka mai zuwa.

Hoto na hoto: Tuberous begonias

Elatior ko matasan matasan Begonia

Hyoni begonias an gundura a Ingila ta hanyar tsallaka jinsuna biyu: tushen Socotran (daga tsibirin Socotra a cikin Tekun Indiya) da bututun. Sakamakon kyakkyawan shuka ne, mai kama da tarin fuka, amma tare da tushen da aka saba. Yana fure a cikin hunturu. Saboda daidaituwar daji da yalwar furanni, yaduwa a wurare da yawa, ana kiran wannan ruwan 'bouquet a cikin tukunya.' Tare da kulawa mai kyau, Elator yana fure ba kawai a cikin hunturu, amma kusan ci gaba, don watanni da yawa a jere. Shahararrun nau'ikan sune: Elatior Borias, mai farantawa tare da furanni mai launin shuɗi tare da farin edging, da Elatior Baladin tare da furanni a cikin launuka daban-daban na ruwan hoda: daga fari zuwa ja.

Hoton Hoto: Begonia Elator

Ampel begonias

Wani nau'in tsire-tsire na cikin gida mai marmari, sanannen wanda ya girma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Wannan rukunin ya hada da duka tushen, da kuma Turanci, da kuma hybrids. Suna da haɗin kai ta alama guda - harbe rataye, an jera shi da furanni daban-daban launuka da launuka: fari, rawaya, ja, lemo, ruwan hoda. Haske asymmetric foliage shima yayi kyau. Ana shuka nau'in Ampel a cikin akwatunan baranda, furannin furanni, manyan fure.

Hoton Hoto: Ampel begonias

Yanayin Begonia ya dogara da kakar - tebur

A cikin irin wannan yanayi, tushen begonias zai yi fure duk shekara zagaye ko ma watanni da yawa (dangane da iri-iri). Don begonias na bututun ƙarfe, wannan tebur ya dace kawai. A cikin kaka an yanke su kuma an tsaftace su don hunturu a cikin wuri mai duhu da sanyi (+12 ⁰C). Shayar sau ɗaya a wata, kawai dan kadan moistening wani tsiri na ƙasa tare gefen tukunyar. A ƙarshen Fabrairu sun sa shi a taga, fara ruwa da abinci, kamar sauran nau'in furanni.

Bidiyo: Tuberous begonias: dormancy da girma

Dasa Begonia

A cikin Turai da Amurka, al'ada ce don saya begonia, kuma bayan ya fadada - jefa shi. Amma ga Russia wannan zaɓin bai dace ba, muna son juyawa, ciyarwa, tukwane masu juyawa. Ana yin jujjuya Begonias a cikin bazara, yana cikin wannan kakar kuma kuna buƙatar sayan su. Ba tare da dasawa cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki ba, saida begonia da sannu zai mutu. Lallai, a cikin shagon shagon, kasar gona zatayi, kuma shuka tana tsallake sinadaran gina jiki. Sabili da haka, nan da nan bayan sayan, begonia yana buƙatar dasa shi.

A wuri guda a cikin shagon tare da furen kuna buƙatar sayan:

• magudanar ruwa (shimfidar karafan yumbu);
• ƙasa (don begonias, violet ko duniya don amfanin gona na fure dangane da peat);
• perlite, ko vermiculite, ko sphagnum gansakuka (don ƙarin loosening na ƙasa, amma ba lallai ba ne);
• tukunya 3-4 cm girma kuma mai zurfi fiye da wanda ake sayar da Begonia; M: magudana na rami da magudanan ruwa.

Daga wuce haddi ruwa a cikin tukunya, begonias rot Tushen su, fure ya mutu. Saboda haka, kasar gona tana bukatar sako-sako, mai saurin numfasawa, ruwa a ciki kada ta daskarewa. Bugu da kari, begonias son acidic da m ƙasa. An ba da shawarar ɗaukar ƙasa a gida, a cikin ƙasa ko a cikin gandun daji. Irin wannan ƙasa kusan kullum tana kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari, kuma ba a san asalinta ba.

Hoton Hoto: Abin da kuke buƙata don juyawa na begonia

Matsayin na farko na Begonia:

1. Aauki sabon tukunya kuma zuba 2-3 cm na magudanar ruwa a ciki.
2. Idan akwai ƙarin yin burodi na gari (sphagnum, perlite, vermiculite), to sai a ƙara onsan cokali guda a tukunya (gwargwadon girman tukunya da begonia).
3. Cire Begonia daga tsohuwar tukunya, girgiza peat ko ƙasa daga tushen kaɗan.
4. Saita fure domin ya kasance a daidai zurfin kuma fada barci tare da sabo ƙasa.

Bidiyo: Yadda ake yada cutar Begonia

Bayan dasawa gida maimakon shagon begonias wanda ya ci nasara a cikin Apartment, wani kwalliyar kwalliya na daji ya zama dole. Cire duk harbe, yana barin uku zuwa hudu. A wasu nau'ikan, tushe guda ɗaya kawai ke tsiro, don haka ba lallai ne ka cire ƙarancin ba, kawai kana buƙatar ka rage shi. Earfafa elongated danda mai tushe tare da ganye a kan kambi, a yanka zuwa na uku. Bayan haka, ƙananan barcin fararen barci zai farka, ƙananan harbe kuma suma zasu fara girma. Sakamakon haka, ciyawar daji mai tsiro zata sake tsirowa.

Kulawar Begonia

Watse

Zazzage babba na sama. Kuma kawai lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm, zaku iya zuba cikin kwanon. Hanya mafi kyawu ita ce sanya tukunyar a cikin kwandon ruwa har ƙasa ta cika. Sannan a mayar da tukunyar a kwanon rufi, yawan ruwan da yake gudana a ciki an zana shi. Mitar yawan ruwa yana dogara da yanayin da ake samun begonia: akan taga mai rana, baranda a buɗe, a cikin lambu. A sararin sama suna shayar da kowace rana, a cikin wani gida, a kanti, baranda mai rufewa - kowane kwanaki 2-3. Maganar yakamata ya zama yanayin kasar. Ruwa dole ne a taushi. Don yin wannan, ana tacewa, kare.

Ruwa don ban ruwa na begonias na iya zama mai taushi kuma ya sanya acidic ta amfani da peat: 1 kilogiram na peat a cikin masana'anta ko jakar gauze an saka shi na kwanaki 10 tare da lita 10 na ruwa.

Bugu da kari, begonia na neman zafi a iska, amma ganyenta ba zai iya tofawa ba. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don samun daskararru mai laushi: sanya kofuna na ruwa kusa da fure ko zuba yashi, peat, yumɓu mai yalwa, gansakuka a cikin kwanon rufi kuma koyaushe sanya wannan filler danshi. A cikin hunturu, saka zane mai bushe a kan batirin dumama mafi kusa.

Manyan miya

Ko da kullun begonias yana amsa sauyin yanayi. A cikin kaka da hunturu, ya zama duhu kuma mai sanyaya akan windowsills. Dankin yana rage jinkirin girma. Idan ka ciyar dashi a wannan lokacin, to, mai tushe zai shimfiɗa sosai, ganye zai zama mai taushi da kula da cututtuka da kwari. Saboda haka, begonias sukan ciyar da bazara, kuma sau ɗaya a wata a cikin hunturu.

Mitar miya, dangane da kakar - tebur

Bidiyo: Yadda ake kulawa da begonias

Me yasa Begonia ba ta yin fure ba?

Wannan tambaya bazai taba tasowa ba tare da mai girbi wanda ke bin duk ka'idodin da ke sama. Idan Begonia yana da duk yanayin: warwatsa haske, ba tare da yin amfani da ruwa ba kuma sanya bushewa, tushen zafin jiki, kayan miya na yau da kullun, to, zai yi daidai daidai har ma da yawa fiye da yadda ya kamata. Wato, fure-fure furanni ana yin ado duk zagaye shekara, Elator - a cikin hunturu, duk sauran nau'ikan iri sun fara yin fure a lokacin bazara a duk lokacin bazara.

Idan kawai nuance daya. Begonias ba mai daɗewa bane, suna murna da kyawawan ganye da kyawawan furanni don shekaru 2-3 kawai, sannan kuma kuna buƙatar ɗaukar ciyayi ko ganye kuma dasa sabuwar begonia.. Tsohon zaiyi girma kuma ba zai yi fure ba.

Yaɗa Begonia

Yanke

Don tushen, a yanka kara apical 6-10 cm tsayi

1. Yanke kara tare da tip 6-10 cm tsayi.
2. Foda yankin yankan tare da katako mai kazamar, carbon da aka kunna ko ash.
3. Shuka a cikin ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi don begonias kuma ya rufe da tulu.
4. Ruwa lokacin bushewa kasar gona a cikin kwanon rufi, kamar Begonia na yau da kullun.
5. Tare da sakamako mai kyau, ciyawar za ta yi tushe kuma za ta yi girma cikin makonni 2-4.
6. A hankali saba da shuka ga iska a cikin dakin. Kuna iya sanya tsintsiya a ƙarƙashin wuyan gwangwani, saboda da farko kawai a mini mini-green, kuma bayan kwanaki 2-3 gaba daya cire gwangwani.
7. Idan ciyawar ta bushe ko lalatacciyar hanya, maimaita gwajin tare da wani ciyawa.

Ta wannan hanyar, duk begonias da ke da tushe za a iya yada su.

Ganya

Idan ganyen begonia karami ne, zaku iya shuka sabon tsiro daga ganyen

1. Yanke ganye mai lafiya tare da wuka mai kaifi kusa da ƙwanƙwaran.
2. Sanya ganye a cikin ruwan carbon mai kunnawa (kwamfutar hannu 1 a kowace gilashin ruwa).
3. Idan petiole ya fara jujjuyawa, kuna buƙatar yanke zuwa wuri mai lafiya kuma canza ruwan.
4. Da zaran an kafa tushen matasa, dasa a tukunya mai dindindin.
5. Lokacin da sabon begonia ya fara girma, ganye zai bushe.

Hanyar tana da kyau ga begonias tare da ƙananan ganye. Manyan mutane suna ɗaukar tushe da talauci, saboda suna buƙatar abinci mai yawa, kuma ƙananan Tushen ba za su iya jure wannan aikin ba. Saboda haka, begonias tare da manyan ganye ana yaduwa ta sassan ganye.

Sashe na takardar

Hanya ta farko

Ganyen yana yanke zuwa kashi, kowane yana da akalla jijiya

1. An yanke ganye a cikin sassan zuwa shugabanci daga tsakiyar jijiya zuwa gefuna. Kowane sashi ya kamata ya kasance veins 1-3.
2. Sa a yanki a kan takardar a saman yashin rigar ko peat, zaku iya tsaya su cikin ƙasa tare da yanki.
3. Rufe tare da jakar filastik ko shuka kowane yanki a cikin akwati daban kuma rufe da kwalba.
4. Kula da kasar gona.
5. Na farko sprouts na iya bayyana a cikin watanni 1-3.
6. A hankali accustom begonia zuwa iska a cikin Apartment kuma cire tsari.

A kan takardar, ana yin yanka a duk falon.

Hanya ta biyu

1. Sanya yanke a tsakiyar jijiya da kuma mafi tsananin karfin jikin mutum.
2. Yada ganye akan rigar begonias.
3. Latsa tare da pebbles.
4. Rufe tukunya da tsare kuma saka a daidai wurin da begonias adult girma.
5. Kula da kasar gona.
6. Lokacin da sprouts bayyana, sannu-sannu cire tsari.

A cikin wuraren incised bayyana kananan tsire-tsire

Tuber

Hakanan ana iya yaduwar ƙwayar tumbi daga ganye ko ganye. Rarrabewa tare da tubers suna da haɗari, zaka iya rasa tsire-tsire.

1. A ƙarshen Fabrairu, bayan tsawon lokacin hutawa, cire tuber daga tukunya.
2. Idan akwai yara, raba su kuma saka kowane a cikin tukunya daban.
3. Idan akwai harbe a kan bututun, suna raba shi da wuka mai kaifi don kowane sashi yana tare da mai harba.
4. Slices an ƙura da gawayi ko toka.
5. Yi zurfin yanka na tuber a cikin rabin (tsiro sama, yanka ƙasa).
6. Tare da gilashi, ci gaba da ƙasa.
7. Lokacin da mai tushe girma 7 cm tsawo, binne tuber gaba daya.

Digiri na Begonia tare da sprouts

Tsaba

A kan tushen gaskiyar cewa begonias haifa da kyau vegetatively, girma daga tsaba ne mai illo bayani. Koyaya, masu girbi na fure suna amfani da wannan hanyar idan ba a gida ba kuma waɗanda basu sani ba suna da madaidaicin iri. Bayan haka zaku iya siyan tsaba a cikin shago ko daga shayarwa kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin shuka fure mai kwalliya daga ƙaramin ƙwayar. Shuka tsaba ne yake aikata a watan Disamba-Janairu, sabõda haka, begonias bloomed by bazara-bazara.

1. Yada tsaba a saman rigar begonias ko a cikin allunan peat. Latsa tsaba a ƙasa, amma kada a binne.
2. Shirya karamin shinkafa: rufe tare da tsare, sanya shi cikin akwati mai zubar da murfi, da sauransu.
3. Bayan makonni 2, idan ƙasa ba ta bushewa ba kuma rigar, seedlings za su bayyana.
4. Canja wurin seedlings zuwa taga mai haske ko cika tare da fitilu. A hankali cire tsari.
5. Lokacin da ganye 2 na gaskiya suka bayyana, kowane shuka za'a iya watsa shi cikin tukunya.

Bidiyon: yaduwar Begonia ta hanyar tsaba

Cututtukan Begonia - Tebur

Hoton Hoto: Cutar Begonia

Karin kwari Begonia - tebur

Hoton Hoto: Kwaro Begonia

Gizo-gizo gizo-gizo zai zauna a bayan ganye. Wannan kwaro na microscopic na iya kashe shuka.

Scutellaria na rayuwa akan mai tushe da ganyayyaki, an rufe shi da daskararrun kakin zuma mai kama da garkuwa

Sakamakon Ingantaccen Kulawar Begonia - Tebur

Hoton Hoto: Sakamakon Ingantaccen Kulawa da Ingantaccen Begonia

Kodayake begonia yana buƙatar buƙata a cikin kulawa, wannan shine shuka wanda masu farawa zasu iya koya daga. Idan kayi kuskure kuma fure ta mutu, koyaushe zaka iya yanke wani ganye ko ganye ka shuka sabon begonia. Amma ko da tare da kulawar da ta dace, waɗannan tsire-tsire ba su daɗe. Bayan shekaru 2-3 na girma na aiki, asarar kayan ado: batattu ne aka fallasa, ganye ya zama ƙanana, bushe, begonia ba ta yi fure ba. Ana buƙatar sabuntawa ko dasa sabuwar shuka ta matasa.