Sake buguwa gloxinia: darasi mai kayatarwa a gida

Masu furen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu fulawa koyaushe suna jin daɗin su kuma sune baƙi waɗanda aka fi so a gidajenmu. Kyawunsu yana faranta wa ido rai, yana ba da yanayi na musamman ga gida kuma yana haifar da coziness. Ainihin, waɗannan sune tsire-tsire masu zafi wanda muke iya sauƙaƙawa gare mu. Su ne mamaki unpretentious da kuma sauƙi irin. Misali, sihiri gloxinia.

Bayanin Gloxinia

Gloxinia bako ce na kudanci, ta isa kan filayen mu daga Brazil mai zafi. Wannan kyakkyawa nasa ne ga 'yan halittar Gesneriaceae, ga tsire-tsire mai bakin jini.

Furen shine in an kwatanta shi da kulawa. Gloxinia yana da hoto sosai, amma baya jure hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda zai iya haifar da konewa, kuma don shayar da ruwa mai ɗumi da sako, ƙasa mai haske zata yi godiya. Shayar da fure tare da ruwa mai narkewa, ba tare da fadawa tsakiyar tsakiyar tarin fitsari ba kuma a cikin ganyayyaki. Bai kamata a yarda da gurɓatar ruwa ba.

Ya kamata a kare Gloxinia daga ɓoyayyun don guje wa bayyanar cututtuka na fure mara so.

Girgiza na Gloxinia daga tsakiyar Maris zuwa Oktoba. Ana bin sahun wannan lokacin. Daga nan ne shuka ya fara zubar da ganyen, wanda da farko ya zama rawaya, sai ya bushe ya faɗi. Kuna iya barin tuber a cikin ƙasa kuma sanya shuka a cikin sanyi (+12 ° C), wuri mai duhu (ba tare da samun haske ba), yana sanya ƙasa a ɗan lokaci sau ɗaya a wata. An halatta a cire ganyen sannan a sanya shi a cikin sawdust, adana a zazzabi na 8-13 ° C.

Da zaran kodan sun bayyana, ana wanke tarin a cikin ruwa mai gudana, ana bincika don kasancewar cututtuka, idan ya cancanta, a bi da shi ta hanyar kashe-kashe, a bushe shi na tsawon awa ɗaya kuma a dasa shi a cikin abin da aka shirya. Soilasan da ta dace don violets, pre-moistened.

Taskar Hoto: Kyau - Gloxinia

Matasan harbe na gloxinia, waɗanda aka samo watanni da yawa da suka gabata a cikin aikin haifuwa, ba a tura su hutawa ba - an tilasta musu su sami ƙarfi da girma tubers.

Kamshin furanni yakamata ya zama mai kauri kuma yana da fadi, tunda tushen gloxinia na waje ne. Dole ne mu manta game da magudanar ruwa na 2-3 cm.

Wannan kyakkyawan tsire-tsire suna haifuwa kwatsam cikin sauki, wanda yasa yake da sauki samun sabbin furanni matasa.

Yadda za a yada yakamata kuma shuka gloxinia a gida

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don haifar da gloxinia, kowannensu ya dace don amfani dangane da yanayin fure da isasshen lokacin lokacin da ake shirin samin tsire-tsire matasa.

Yaduwa da ganye ganye

Ana ɗaukar kayan yaduwar gloxinia yayin lokacin toho. Wadannan ya kamata su zama manya, lafiya, ganye kore, tsawon tsawon zangarninsa wanda yake kusan 3 cm.

Hanya ta farko

1. An yanke ganye tare da ruwa mai kaifi kuma a sanya shi a cikin gilashi tare da ruwan da ke a zazzabi a zazzabi.
   

   Maballin mahaifiyar yana nishi cikin gilashin ruwa har sai Tushen ya bayyana.

2. Ganyen suna ba da tushen cikin kimanin sati uku.
   

   Bar ganye tare da tushen ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa mai sauƙi don ci gaba na tsire-tsire.
3. Sa'an nan kuma ana dasa ganye a cikin kwamfutar peat ko a cikin ƙaramin kwano tare da ƙasar da aka shirya, amma ga tsararren tsire-tsire, shayar, rufe akwati tare da jakar filastik kuma sanya a cikin wuri mai haske, amma ba a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Haya da kuma ciyawar fure ba lallai ba ne.
   

   An sanya karamin-greenhouse a cikin wuri mai dumi, mai haske kuma ba a buɗe har sai harbe-harben matasa sun bayyana.

4. Bayan kimanin wata daya da rabi zuwa watanni biyu daga takardar mahaifiyar, yara zasu bayyana. An cire Cellophane, kuma yaran sun rabu, suna zaunar da su cikin tukwane daban.
   

   Matasa harbe na gloxinia na iya yin watanni 10 bayan fitowar su

Ko da 'ya'yan ba su da nodules, yakamata a dasa su a cikin kwanukan daban: bayan ɗan lokaci za su ɗauki tushe, tubersan uwansu za su bayyana.

Wasu lokuta bayyanar 'yar harbe harbe ya jira na dogon lokaci. Mene ne dalilin ba a sani ba. Don saurin aiwatar da tsari, ya zama dole a tsunkule takardar don a kusan rabin 2 cm ya bar daga ƙasa zuwa saman.

Hanya ta biyu

Wannan sigar sauƙaƙe ce ta farkon hanyar. A yanke takardar nan da nan an sanya shi a cikin kofin tare da shirye da aka yi, ƙasa mai daɗaɗa. Akwatin an rufe shi da cellophane kuma an sanya shi cikin haske, mai dumi, mafi kariya daga wuraren da aka tsara shi. Bayan ɗan lokaci, ganyen zai ɗauki tushe, saannan yaran za su bayyana.

Ganyen gloxinia an kafa shi sosai a cikin ƙasa ba tare da yin tushe ba.

Tsarin Ganyayyaki

Girma da lafiyar lafiyar ganye nan gaba na haihuwar gloxinia zasu baka damar samun zuriya ta hanyar rarraba ganyen zuwa kashi.

1. An dasa kowane sashi a cikin akwati na daban tare da ƙasa mai laushi, an saka cellophane a saman, an sanya kwano a wuri mai haske.
   

   Kowane sashi na ganye na gloxinia zai iya ba da kyakkyawan harbe matasa.

2. Shuka ba ya buƙatar shayarwa da iska. An kafa yara daga faffadar jijiya a kalla watanni biyu. Bayan haka, yakamata a cire kayan sutura, kuma a shuka ruwan ƙuruciya. Ganyen uwa wanda ya lalace akan lokaci yana buƙatar cire shi.
   

   Hoton hoto: yaduwar gloxinia ta guntun ganye

   

   Yara sun bayyana bayan kimanin watanni biyu

   

   Ganyayyaki sassan ganye a hankali suna girma cikin allunan peat

   

   Gashi na ganye mai ganye na gloxinia ana shuka su nan da nan a cikin wani abin da aka shirya kuma an rufe su da fim

Bidiyo: shawarwari don narkar da gloxinia ta amfani da ganyen ganye da (ko) gutsuttsura

Tsarin iri

Yana da sauƙi don girma gloxinia daga tsaba, bin wasu shawarwari na gaba ɗaya. Za'a iya samun shuka iri ɗaya daban daban, tare da sanya fure a gida da hannu, ko kuma a siyan shago (musamman furanni).

Yadda ake fitar da gloxinia kuma ku sami tsaba a gida

Don wannan hanya, ya fi kyau ɗaukar fure gloxinia na nau'ikan daban-daban. Kwayar pollen daya ta dasa pollinates wani. Da sannu kwaro zai bushe, gloxinia zai ƙare, akwatin iri zai girma cikin makonni 7-8. Sannan zai bude. A wannan gaba, an yanke akwatin kuma a sanya shi a cikin akwati tare da buɗe baki a ƙasa don ripening. Shirye-shiryen gloxinia na da launin ruwan kasa.

Bidiyo: pollination na gloxinia a gida da tarin iri

Hoton hoto: pollination da kuma girma na tsaba na gloxinia

Don shuka, ƙarshen Fabrairu - farkon Maris, lokacin da sa'o'in hasken rana ke ƙaruwa cikin sauri, ya dace. Zai ɗauki karamin-hotbed ko babba, mara ƙarfin, cellophane, ƙasa mai shirye don amfanin gona na fure (haske). Don samun kyakkyawan harbe, kuna buƙatar yin haka:

1. A kasar gona an pre-moistened tare da bayani na potassium permanganate domin kare tsaba, kuma daga baya - matasa harbe.
   

   Kafin shuka, ana kula da ƙasa tare da raunin bayani na potassiumganganate.
2. Tsaba suna rarraba ko'ina cikin tukunyar ƙasa.
3. Sannan an rufe murfin koren kore sosai ko kuma an saka cellophane a saman. Ana sanya kwano a cikin wurin dumi.
4. Bayan kamar mako guda da rabi harbe zai bayyana. Kuna iya buɗe gidan kore, sake shirya shi a wuri mai haske. Kashe nesa da hasken rana kai tsaye don gujewa konewa da mutuwar kananan bishiyoyi.
   

   Harbe yana bayyana tare ɗaya da rabi - makonni biyu bayan shuka

5. A cikin wata daya da rabi bayan fitowar seedlings, sai suka zaro, a hankali suna maye gurbin tsire-tsire masu lalacewa daga duka karfin a cikin tabarau daban.
   

   Shuke-shuke shuke-shuke ji mai kyau a cikin dumi, mai haske sosai wuri.

Bidiyo: gloxinia girma daga tsaba

Yaron Peduncle

Yana faruwa iri ɗaya ga hanyoyin da aka bayyana a sama.

1. Tare da kaifin kaifi, an yanke ciyawar fure kusan tsawon santimita hudu daga shuka mai tsiro kuma a nutsar da ita a gilashin cike da ruwa ta 1 cm kawai.
   

   Ana amfani da Peduncle gloxinia don yaduwa bayan tsire-tsire na fure

2. Bayan Tushen ya bayyana, ana mayar da tsire-tsire zuwa akwati tare da abin da aka shirya, an rufe shi da fim kuma a sanya shi cikin haske. Yaran da suka bayyana (kusan wata daya daga baya) suna zaune a tebur daban.
   

   Babiesa babiesan jarirai masu haihuwa suna fitowa wata daya bayan tushen su

Tuber yaduwa

Wataƙila hanya ce mafi haɗari don haifar da gloxinia. Wrongaya daga cikin ba daidai ba motsawa, kuma za ku iya rasa duk shuka.

Ana aiwatar da hanyar bayan tsawon lokacin hutawa, kawai lokacin da kodan ya bayyana a kan tarin fuka.

1. Tare da wuka mai kaifi wanda aka riga aka tsabtace a cikin barasa, an yanke tuber saboda a sami aƙalla ɗaya girma girma a kowane bangare.
   

   Ana aiwatar da rarrabuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta na Gloxinia lokacin da kodan ya bayyana a kai

2. Slices ana yin burodi tare da carbon da aka kunna wanda aka dasa shi kuma ana dasa shi a cikin kofuna waɗanda za'a iya shirya su tare da ƙasa mai ɗorewa, sanya shi cikin wuri mai haske kuma yana kula da bayyanar tushen da kullun. Zai fi kyau ruwa ta wurin kwanon rufi. Yana da Dole a ji tsoron overmoistening na ƙasa: tarin fuka - rabe-raben na iya juyawa da sauri.
   

   Tuber - an dasa rabo a cikin kwano daban ko kofin

3. Young tsire-tsire transplanted bayan tushen amarya dukan ƙasa dunƙule cikin gilashi.
   

   Dalilin da tuber dasa - Tushen braided dukan earthen dunƙule

Bidiyo: rarraba gloxinia tuber

Matsaloli sun ci karo yayin haifuwar gloxinia

Amma wani lokacin ba ko daɗaɗɗen gloxinia ba ne wanda za'a iya yaduwa: igiyar ciki ta bushe, farfajiya da tumatir sun lalace. Koyaushe akwai dalili.

Dalilin ƙoƙarin rashin nasara don haifar da gloxinia ya ta'allaka ne ga rashin bin ka'idodi masu sauƙi.

1. Ba a yanke farfajiyar ko ganyen tare da kayan aiki ba, amma kawai an tsage shi daga tsire. A cikin wani hali ya kamata ka yi wannan! Shafa ruwa tare da bayani na barasa.
2. Hasken rana kai tsaye. Suna da illa ga gloxinia, suna haifar da ƙonewa akan ganyayyaki. Daga awanni 11 zuwa 16 a kowace rana dole ne a dasa inuwa tare da wata masana'anta a kwance (labule).
3. Vyasa mai nauyi. Matsayi don fure ya kamata ya zama sako-sako, haske, ruwa mai wucewa da iska (ƙasar da aka shirya don violet ita ce manufa). Wajibi ne a canza ƙasa.
4. Babu malalewa. Bai kamata a fitar da wannan lokacin ba. Ruwan magudanar ruwa yana taimakawa cire danshi mai yawa, ta haka ke hana tushen lalacewar. Wajibi ne don dasa shuki a cikin wani murfin tare da maganin vermiculite.
5. Yawan danshi. Tabbatar don daidaita yanayin ban ruwa, bisa ga shawarwarin, don hana taɓarɓarewar ruwa a cikin kwano.
6. Rashin haske. Sake shirya shuka zuwa wuri mai haske, a cikin hunturu, samar da ƙarin haske tare da taimakon fitilu.
7. Yayi girma sosai ko matsanancin zafin jiki. Mafi kyawun yanayi: 23-25 ​​° C. Bayar da shawarar zazzabi.
8. Kasar da ba ta da tsafta ba ta kawo daga bakin titi (greenhouses) ba, wanda kwari ke iya kamuwa dashi ko kuma kwari. Yi amfani kawai da tsararru na musamman da aka siya a shagon. Ya kamata a kula da ƙasa da kwari tare da maganin kashe kwari da abubuwa masu ban dariya bisa ga umarnin.
9. An rarraba ƙwayar cutar ba daidai ba ko kamuwa da cuta. Tare da wannan hanyar haifuwa, dole ne a bi shawarar sosai.

Yadda ake ajiye matasa tsirrai da 'ya'yan itace

1. Ganyayyun mahaifiya, guntun sa ko kayan aikin sa sun lalace ko kuma ya mutu. Abin takaici, babu wata hanyar da za a ceci shi. Wajibi ne a tantance dalilin abin da ke sama kuma ɗaukar sabon abu don yaduwar fure.
2. Matasa harbe ya bushe. Duba su. Idan nodules suna da lafiya, akwai asalinsu, sannan sai a juye su cikin wani akwati, tun da farko sun lalata ƙasa da maganin potassiumgangan. Idan sashin karkashin kasa ya lalace, yanke yanki mai jujjuya tare da kaifi mai kaifi (lokacin da cutar rauni ta kasance karami), foda tare da carbon da aka kunna tare da dasa shi a cikin sabon gurbin. Tare da yawaita karkatar da tushe da asalinsu, harbin matasa ya fi dacewa a jefa.
3. Tsaba ba su shuka. Kullum kuna buƙatar sarrafa kwanakin ƙarewar ƙwayar, kuma lokacin dasawa, ba za ku iya cika tsaba tare da ƙasa ba!
4. Tubers da masu rarrabuwa suna juyawa. Ya kamata ku sami tuber daga ƙasa, duba. Yanke wuraren da aka juya tare da ramin kaifi mai lalacewa, ya fi dacewa a bi da raunuka tare da gonar var. Idan an lura da sutura akan ƙwayar ƙwayar, sai a tsabtace a cikin ruwa mai gudana kuma a sanya na awanni biyu a cikin maganin kowace fungicide (tsarma bisa ga umarnin). Sannan a samu, a bushe shi tsawon awa guda, a dasa a cikin cakuda ƙasa mai kyau.

Gloxinia shine ɗayan nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu saurin tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da ƙarancin kiyayewa kuma suna da sauƙin samun sabon zuriya mai kyau, kawai lura da ka'idoji da shawarwari masu sauƙi.