Primula (Primula) yana nufin tsirrai masu tsirrai na dangin Primrose. Sunansa a Latin yana nufin "farko", kuma mutane suka kira shi rago, talisman na farin ciki, maɓallan. A zamanin d, a, an baiwa furen ikon da sihiri kuma an haɗa shi a cikin sifa na potions daban-daban. Shuka peranni na primrose da kuma kulawa da shi yana da wasu fasaloli, kuma idan kun ba da shuka yadda yakamata, za ta yi fure kamar fure a cikin hoto.
Siffofin girma perennial primrose azaman al'adun lambu
A cikin daji, ana iya samun primrose a kowane yanki mai laima tare da ƙasa mai dausayi. An nuna shi ta hanyar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu, waɗanda aka jera wasu daga cikin Littafin Farko na Federationungiyar Rasha. Saboda kyakkyawan fure da unpretentiousness a cikin kulawa, ana amfani da tsire-tsire sosai a cikin aikin lambu.
Peronial primrose shine ƙananan rhizome shuka tare da kyakkyawan, dan kadan wrinkled, mai sheki ko furen tebur na zagaye, m ko lanceolate siffar. Launin ta, dangane da nau'in halittu, yana daga launuka mai haske zuwa tagulla. A gefuna na iya zama mai laushi ko a jagged. An tattara ganyayyaki a cikin tsari mai kyau, daga tsakiya wanda wadatattun sassan jiki suke fitowa. Umbrella ko na waje m inflorescences na launuka daban-daban suna kan saman su. A wasu nau'in, ƙananan furanni na iya zama ɗaya. Shuka tana da kamshi mai daɗi. Hakan ya faru ne saboda kasancewar yawan mayukan mayuka masu mahimmanci a cikin tsirranta da furanni. A ƙarshen furanni, an kafa 'ya'yan itace akwatin tare da ƙananan tsaba na launin ruwan kasa mai duhu akan bushes.
Primrose yana nufin tsirrai masu tsaurin sanyi. Idan an dasa shi a cikin ƙasa buɗe, to, tare da shiri na dacewa don hunturu, yana jure sanyi sosai har zuwa 30 ° C. A lokacin rani, waɗannan furanni za su sami yanayin zafi mai sauƙi na 18 zuwa 25 ° C, kuma a lokaci guda suna buƙatar a samar musu da zafi mai sauƙi da kuma shaƙatawa mai sauƙi. Godiya ga waɗannan halaye, ana iya girma a kusan dukkanin yankin ƙasarmu. Amma mafi dacewa ga kiwo sune yankuna waɗanda yanayi mai laima da yanayin sanyi ke kasancewa.
Hakanan, wadannan tsire-tsire za a iya girma a gida, dasa su a cikin kananan fure ko tubs a cikin baranda daga gabas ko yamma. Tare da farko na lokacin kaka, ya kamata a kawo kwantena a cikin ɗakin da kuma kula da tsintsayen a matsayin kayan shuki, suna ba shi hutawa a cikin watanni hunturu.
Yana da kyau a sanya furanni a cikin daki mai duhu tare da yawan zafin jiki na 12 zuwa 16 ° C da ruwa sama da sau biyu a wata. A lokacin bazara, furannin furanni suna buƙatar buƙatar hawa zuwa wurin da ke da kyau, wuri mai ɗumi, sake farawa ta yau da kullun kuma takin. Tare da farawa mai sanyin iska, ana iya sake ɗauke su zuwa baranda.
A shuka sa high bukatun kan abun da ke ciki na kasar gona. Zai haɓaka da kyau kuma yana fure mai faɗi kawai akan sako-sako, danshi- da mai iya numfashi, abinci mai gina jiki da ƙasa mai-ruwa. Lokacin shirya wurin dasa shuki, ana bada shawara don amfani ga kowane muraba'in mita na substrate:
- humus - 3 kilogiram;
- m yashi - 10 kilogiram;
- vermiculite - 2 kilogiram;
- gansakuka sphagnum - 2 kilogiram.
Tona ƙasa zuwa zurfin game da 50 cm kuma matakin shi da kyau. Primrose yana da tsaran tsarin tushen halitta mai rauni. Sabili da haka, kan aiwatar da girma ya zama dole don cire ciyayi a kai a kai wanda ke ɗaukar danshi da abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasa kusa da tsirrai, kuma ciyayi ƙasa.
Matsayi a cikin shimfidar wurare
Sauƙin kiwo, kyawawan furanni, da sauƙin dasawa da kulawa ya sanya lambun ta kasance farkon ɗayan shahararrun tsirrai a cikin shimfidar wuri.
Tare da madaidaitan nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri iri a cikin gonar, zaka iya ƙirƙirar wuraren da suka ci gaba da yin fure daga tsakiyar bazara zuwa ƙarshen bazara. Ana ba da shawarar waɗannan furanni a kan gadaje na fure, lawns, yi ado lambuna ko dutse tare da su. Itatuwa da launuka masu haske da yawa, waɗanda aka dasa cikin labule ko rabatka, suna da kyau.
Furen furanni tare da waɗannan furanni zai yi ado da kyau ƙofar gidan ko kuma gazebo.
Tunda primrose yana nufin tsirrai masu tsami, yana jin girma kusa da jikkunan ruwa kuma yana iya zama abin ado da ya dace, alal misali, a gabar ruwa na kandami.
Primrose na iya zama wani abu na tsarin fure. Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa ta kasance tare da ƙungiyar hosta, astilbe, fern, geyhera, kaluga, irises, saponaria, goryanka, hellebore, hyacinths, hatsi na kayan ado. Kyawawan maƙwabta na wannan shuka sune daffodils, tulips, peonies, phlox da wardi. Ya yi kyau a hade tare da ƙananan deciduous da coniferous shrubs.
Yawancin nau'ikan jinsin da hotunan su
Zuwa yau, kimanin nau'ikan nau'ikan gargajiya 500 na sankarau an san su da yawa shekaru, baya ga varian halittun iri-iri daga masu shayarwa. Mafi yawan nau'ikan jinsin suna aiki sosai a cikin aikin lambu.
Na gama gari (Primula veris)
Itatuwan ya kai tsayin 10 zuwa 25 cm. Furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da ainihin launi mai duhu ana tattara su cikin lalatattun bayanan laima. Flow ya fara a tsakiyar watan Afrilu.
Wannan nau'in yana da kayan ado ba kawai, amma har da kaddarorin masu amfani. Youngaukatanta na ganye za a iya ƙara salads kuma an tsara su daga gare su don maganin cututtuka daban-daban. Babu ƙima da daraja sune tushen da furanni na shuka.
Auricular ko Kunnuwa (Primula auricula)
Tsawon wannan nau'in ya tashi daga 15 zuwa 45 cm. Lokacin farin ciki shine keɓaɓɓen furen launi mai haske mai launi mai haske, inflorescences-umbrellas ya ƙunshi ƙananan furanni da dama tare da fure biyar. Launinsu na iya zama fari, cream, launin rawaya mai haske, shunayya ko burgundy. Varietiesa'idodin matsakaici na iya haɗu da tabarau da yawa. Ana ta gudu daga farkon Mayu zuwa karshen Yuni.
Featured (Farin ruwa na Primula)
Itace tsiro ne, yana da ƙananan furanni masu launin furanni masu faɗi, tsawo na rosette na iya zama daga 10 zuwa 30 cm. Mbanƙarar inflorescences sun ƙunshi manyan furanni masu fadowa, wanda, ya danganta da iri-iri, na iya samun launi daban-daban na petals da ainihin. Fulawa ya fara a ƙarshen Afrilu kuma zai ɗauki tsawon wata guda.
Kyakkyawan yatsa (Primula denticulata)
Siffar halayyar wannan nau'in suna da yawa elongated, serrated da pubescent ganyayyaki, forming har ma da m rosette har zuwa 30 cm high. Manyan sifofin inflorescences na farin, Lilac, ruwan hoda, shunayya ko burgundy suna kan manyan farfajiya (har zuwa 70 cm). Iri na wannan nau'in ya fara bayyana nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, buds suna ci gaba da yin wata ɗaya da rabi.
Manya (Primlat na elatior)
Dankin zai iya kaiwa 30 cm a tsayi. Fushin da aka wrinkle yana da tsari mai kyau da launin shuɗi mai haske; a kan lokacin tsalle-tsalle tsalle-tsalle akwai ƙananan lamuran ƙarami daga ƙananan karrarawa. Abubuwan furersu da ainihin suna da launi daban-daban, wanda, dangane da iri-iri, na iya samun launuka iri-iri. Wannan nau'in ana saninsa da fure mai tsayi, wanda yakan kasance daga tsakiyar watan Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Cortus (Primula bazu)
Godiya ga kyawawan tsintsayen ganye da manyan hakora masu launin koren launi mai kyau, iri-iri na wannan nau'in suna matukar yin ado. Tsawon tsire-tsire ya kai 20 cm, inflorescences-umbrellas an kafa su ta hanyar kananan furanni na ruwan hoda ko launin shuɗi. Flow ya fara a watan Mayu.
Julia (Primula juliae)
Itace karami ne kuma karami, tsayin sa bai wuce cm 10 ba. Singleanan furanni masu fure suna da ruwan hoda, shuɗi ko kayan rasberi da tsakiyar rawaya. Primrose Julia yana yin jerin gwanon tun daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Orchidaceae (Primula vialii)
Wannan nau'in yana da ƙwazo a cikin sifa da launi na inflorescences. Suna kama da pyramids waɗanda aka kafa ta hanyar fure mai haske, wanda, lokacin da aka buɗe, juya zuwa ƙananan karrarawa na lilac. Haske kore, mai ɗan ƙaramin yatsan, ganyen lanceolate na haifar da jinkiri zuwa 30 cm. Fulawa tana faruwa a watan Yuni kuma zai kasance har ƙarshen watan Yuli.
Mealy (Primula farinosa)
Dankin ya kai tsawo na 10 zuwa 30 cm. Lanceolate, an rufe furen ƙasa mai laushi lafiya da fararen fata. Furannin fari, launin ruwan Lilac ko violet mai launi suna da rawaya mai haske kuma suna tattara cikin laima inflorescences. Powdery primrose blooms a watan Mayu.
Hanyoyin ƙasa
Don dasa primrose, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wuraren inuwa na lambun. Haskoki kai tsaye suna shafan tsire-tsire, suna bushewa da sauri, fara bushewa kuma yana iya mutuwa gaba ɗaya a farkon kaka. Idan lambun yana da rana sosai, zaku iya sanya furanni a kusa da gidan, shinge ko a ƙarƙashin ƙananan bushes da bishiyoyi. Wurin da ya kamata ya sauka ya kamata a fage sosai. Dogaro da tsinkayen primrose a cikin gonar ana yin su ta amfani da seedlings, cuttings ko rarraba manyan bushes bushes.
Shuka seedlings daga tsaba
Tsaba na nasu tarin za'a iya amfani da shi ne kawai kafin a samu ofan itacen tsirrai na halitta. Seeda'idodin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta halittar ɗan adam ba ta riƙe halayen mahaifarta ba, saboda haka dole ne a sayi cikin shagunan musamman.
An ba da shawarar yin hatsi a farkon lokacin bazara daidai da waɗannan shawarwari masu zuwa:
- Cika kwalaye seedling tare da malalewa Layer. Soilara ƙasa mai gina jiki, wanda ya haɗa da sassan 4 na ƙasa, sassan 2 na ƙasar turf, 1 ɓangaren ƙasa yashi.
- Rarraba kayan dasawa a ko'ina cikin ƙasa, dan kadan danna kuma danshi.
- Containersulla kwantena tare da fim ɗin polyethylene kuma canja wuri zuwa ɗakunan da ke da wuta tare da yawan zafin jiki na kimanin 20 ° C.
- Dole ne a cire tsari yau da kullun don yin iska da sanyaya plantings.
- Bayan harbe sun bayyana, dole ne a cire fim din.
- Lokacin da mayafi uku cike da fararen bayyana, ya kamata su karɓi tsintsaye ɗin cikin kananan tukwane daban.
- Bayan barazanar bazara mai sanyi ta wuce ta kuma kasar za ta yi zafi har zuwa 10 ° C, ana iya dasa shuki a fili. Ya danganta da yankin, a cikin 2018 ya kamata a dasa tsirrai na farawa daga tsakiyar Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen Mayu. Idan zafin jiki na dare bayan dasawa ya ƙasa da + 5 ° C, matasa tsire-tsire suna buƙatar rufe abubuwa.
- Placeda Seedan ƙananan ƙananan an sanya su a nesa na 15 cm daga juna, matsakaici - 30 cm kuma babba - 50 cm.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki 'yar tsirrai daga tsiro a cikin ƙasa
Farfagandar ta yanke
Idan yana yiwuwa siyan zanen gado da yawa na firam ɗin da aka fi so, to, zaku iya shuka seedlings ta yanke. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar:
- A farkon bazara, zaɓi lafiya da ingantaccen ganye-ganyayyaki a kan balagagge shuka kuma yanke su obliquely.
- Sanya kayan dasa a cikin kwantena tare da kyakkyawan malalewar ruwa da cakuda-yashi.
- Furr da plantings, tare da rufe gilashin gilashi da wuri a cikin duhu wurin dumi.
- Bayan da yawa matasa ganye bayyana a gindi daga cikin petioles, kana bukatar ka dasa da seedlings a cikin kwantena mutum da canja wuri zuwa wuta m.
- Tare da isowar yanayin zafin jiki da ya dace, matasa tsire-tsire suna buƙatar dasa shi akan shirin da aka shirya a gonar.
Sake bugun ta hanyar rarraba daji
Tare da kulawar da ta dace, tsinkayen primrose a cikin lambun shine ke tsiro cikin sauri, yayin da tsinkewar sa da inflorescences suke karami.
Don adana kyan kayan ado na tsire-tsire, ana bada shawara ga yin jigilar su a kowace shekara 3-4, rarraba zuwa sassa da yawa. Ana gudanar da rarrabuwa a cikin bazara, ta amfani da wannan hanyar:
- Dole ne a haƙa daji da aka zaɓa don yaduwa tare da tsabtace tushen ƙasa.
- Yin amfani da wuka mai kaifi, rarraba rhizome cikin sassa da yawa. Kowannensu yakamata ya sami matsayin ci gaba.
- Ya kamata a kula da dusar kankara tare da carbon da aka kunna.
- Shuka kowane rami a cikin rami na daban, busassun ciyawa da ciyawa.
Bidiyo: yadda ake rabawa primrose a cikin kaka
Kula da gonar daga lokacin dasa shuki a cikin filin bude
Tsayar da tsintsiya a cikin lambu ba ta da wahala musamman. Tana buƙatar yin shayarwa na yau da kullun, kayan miya, suttura da kwance. Idan ana aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin cikin tsari na lokaci, inji zai amsa tare da fure mai haske da tsayi.
Watering da ciyar
Watara muhimmi ne mai mahimmanci a cikin kulawa. A cikin bazara da bazara, suna iya yalwatacce, amma ba tare da stagnation na ruwa ba. A kasar gona a kusa da bushes ya kamata ko da yaushe ya kasance dan kadan m. Ana buƙatar zuba ruwa kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin tushe, dole ne a ba shi izinin shiga cikin ganye da fure. Wannan na iya sa tsiro ya yi kunar rana a jiki. Kuma idan tsakiyar mafarki ya mamaye ambaliyar, to lalacewar ta na iya farawa. Bayan fure, da yawan ruwa ya kamata a rage dan kadan. A farkon watan Agusta, suna buƙatar ƙara haɓaka sake don ta da kwanciya da sababbin ganye da furannin fure na kaka mai zuwa. Rigar da jigon yakamata ya zama mai dumi da ruwa.
A lokacin dukkan lokacin tsiro, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire a kowane mako biyu. Kafin samuwar buds, ana iya amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen, kamar yadda ake amfani da takin ƙasa (1 kg a kowace lita 10 na ruwa) ko tsinkayen tsuntsu (100 g da lita 10 na ruwa). Irin wannan riguna masu kyau zasu taimaka ga saurin-sauri na taro na ado. Bayan haka, ana bada shawara don maye gurbin su tare da kayan haɗin tare da babban abun ciki na phosphorus da potassium. Wadannan abubuwan zasu samar da fure mai haske da yalwa.
Mai jan tsami
Prue foliage pruning bada shawarar a farkon lokacin bazara, bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Yin wannan a cikin bazara bai cancanta ba, ganye yana samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga tsarin tushen rauni ga san sanyi sosai. Kuma bushe ganye zai zama ƙarin kariya na shuka daga sanyi. A lokacin furanni, ana bada shawara don yanke buds iri iri a cikin lokacin da suka dace don kada su ɗauke ƙarfin shuka.
Matsaloli sun ci karo da 'yan lambu lokacin girma
Daga cikin matsalolinda suka zama ruwan dare yayin da ake fara bayanin fari:
- Saurin bushewa da bushewar ganye. Wannan na iya faruwa saboda rashin isasshen ruwa ko adadi mai yawa na hasken rana a cikin ganyayyaki. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar daidaita yanayin shayarwa ko ƙirƙirar ƙarin shading a cikin lokacin zafi sosai na rana.
- Rushewa daga cikin tushen tsarin. Ana iya haifar da tsarin ta hanyar ambaliya ko ban ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi.
- Rashin fure. Haɓaka ƙananan adadin buds tare da ƙananan furanni na iya haɗuwa da rashin abinci mai gina jiki.A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku kula da daidai wajan ciyar. Idan shuka yana da girma kuma babba, to watakila yana buƙatar dasawa tare da rarraba daji zuwa sassa da yawa.
Perennial primrose shine ingantaccen tsire-tsire mai ƙoshin gaske wanda ke buƙatar samar da shi ta hanyar kulawa da ta dace, kuma tsire-tsire da aka shuka daidai zai tabbatar da haɓaka mai kyau.
Cutar da kwari
Kamar kowane lambu ko fure na gida, ana fallasa shi ga cututtukan fungal da cututtuka masu yawa.
Mafi na kowa daga cikinsu sun hada da:
- Powdery mildew, wanda ke bayyana kanta a cikin samuwar launin ruwan kasa tare da farin shafi a kan ganye.
- Grey rot, wanda ganye da harbe na shuka an rufe shi da launin shuɗi tare da iyakar launin ruwan kasa.
- Tsatsa, a kan kamuwa da cuta wanda abin da saman farfajiya na ganye ya zama an rufe shi da m-kasa-kasa aibobi. A kasan sashi, tubercles yana fitowa wanda fasassun naman gwari suke tarawa.
- Anthracnose, a cikin abin da ganye an rufe shi da duhu shafi da ƙananan launin ruwan kasa tare da shunayya mai launin shuɗi ko rawaya.
- Peronosporosis, ya bayyana a cikin samuwar gurɓataccen gurɓataccen falo a saman faɗin ɗanyayyun ganye. A ciki, ganyen sun cika da farin m.
- Chlorosis, wanda aka fitar da furewar tsiro, aka lalatar da dunƙulen da girma daga fure gaba ɗaya.
Lokacin da cutar ƙwayar cuta ta primrose ta kamu da waɗannan cututtuka, duk sassan da aka shafa na shuka ya kamata a kawar da su. Bayan wannan, ya zama dole don kula da wuraren da aka yanke tare da carbon wanda aka kunna da ƙwayar carbon da fesa tsire-tsire tare da maganin kashe-kashe. Hakanan kuna buƙatar zub da su da ƙasa.
Daga cikin kwari da suka shafi shuka, aphids, gizo-gizo mites, thrips, slugs ya kamata a lura. Dukkansu suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga shuka, wanda hakan kan iya kaiwa ga mutuwarsa. Idan an sami kwari ko burburin mahimmancin aikin su akan bushes, nan da nan ku wanke su da ruwa mai sabulu kuma ku fesa su da maganin kashe kwari. Idan tsintsayen almara sun bayyana akan tsiron, to lallai za a tattara su da hannu. Wannan zai taimaka adana furen.
Yadda ake shirya shuka don hunturu
A ƙarshen kaka, kuna buƙatar ƙara ƙasa mai gina jiki a ƙarƙashin bushes. Wannan ake buƙata don tsara asalinsu. Sannan yakamata kuyi mulmula yankin da sawki ko peat. A lokacin fadada mai tsawo tare da tsawan zafi, wasu nau'ikan 'yar tsintsa na iya yin tazara akai-akai. Kada a bada izinin wannan, tunda inji zai ciyar da makamashi mai yawa don ƙirƙirar inflorescences kuma ba zai yi haƙuri da hunturu da kyau ba. A sakamakon buds dole ne a cire nan da nan.
A cikin yankuna na kudanci, primrose hibernates yana da kyau ba tare da ƙarin tsari ba. A cikin yankuna masu tsananin sanyi, a ƙarshen kaka, ya kamata a rufe bushes tsire-tsire tare da bushewar ganye kuma an rufe shi da rassan spruce. Bayan isasshen dusar ƙanƙara ya faɗi, zaku iya gina ƙarin tsari daga gare ta. Recommendedarfafa bishiyar bishiyoyi an bada shawarar a haƙa shi, a dasa shi cikin furannin furanni da kuma girma a ɗakunan zazzabi har zuwa kaka mai zuwa.
Bayani mai amfani na lambu
Da kyau, dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, Na rufe primrose tare da duban dan tayi a cikin yadudduka biyu da dusar ƙanƙara. An yi nasara daidai, ganyayyaki kore ne, kyawawa !!!!!!
olga//pticedvor-koms.ucoz.ru/forum/59-565-2
Muna da kayan abinci na fure-fure na shekara guda yanzu. Abinda ya fi rikitarwa shi ne ɗan fari tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi. Ta tsira daga lokacin sanyi mafi sanyi, yanzu tayi fure mai ban mamaki.
Londa//indasad.ru/forum/72-mnogoletniki/1109-sadovye-primuly
Sun dasa tsaba na farko, iri uku. Ya yi kyau sosai, ya yi girma sosai kafin faɗuwar. Don hunturu an rufe shi da ciyayi, sannan a saman tare da kayan, amma bushes biyu kawai ya tsira. Ba su ƙara yin haɗari ba, yanzu sun shiga cikin ɓoye.Idan sun rasa lokacin ƙarshe don raba, ta riga ta fara zubar da launi a can, kuma dole ne ta dasa shi da sauri.
klimpticeddn-koms.ucoz.ru/forum/59-565-3
Tsarin fure na da tsananin sanyi, mai jure yanayin inuwa, kuma ba a fassara shi. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, ba kawai zai yi wa lambun ado da fure mai haske ba, har ma ya wadatar da iska tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi mai daɗi. Manyan fure-fure na daɗaɗɗen nasara an samu nasara cikin surar gidan fure.