Mutane da yawa suna yin girma wannan tsire-tsire na kayan ado marasa tushe a cikin gidan da ake kira tradescantia zebrin. Furen fure daga wurare masu zafi, yana dacewa da yanayin gida kuma baya buƙatar kulawa sosai daga masu. A cikin floriculture, ta mamaye wata alkuki daban.
Yaya kama da wane dangi
Shuka ya kasance ga dangin Kommelinov, sunan Botanical: Tradescantia zebrina. Sunan yana da alaƙa tare da kasancewar ratsi mai tsayi wanda ya ba tradescantia launi mai launi. A cikin floriculture, akwai nau'ikan zebrins, mafi yawan su shine rataye zebrina. Wannan shuka ne mai ban tsoro tare da sakamako na ado. Creeping, creeping, girma-girma harbe 60-100 cm tsawo kuma an rufe shi da ganye-nuna.
Tradescantia zebrina
Kashi na sama na ganye mai haske, mai haske da sautin biyu. Ana iya ganin fenti mai haske mai haske a tsakiya a ɓangaren ɓangaren tsakiya ta azaman. A bayansa, launin rawaya-kore ko azurfa mai shimfiɗa daga bangarorin biyu zuwa ƙarshen gefen takardar. A bayansu, a gefuna, launi iri ɗaya ne kamar na tsakiya. Tsawon ganyayyaki ya kai 7-8 cm, nisa - cm 3. Gefen wankinsu, da ingantaccen mai tushe, ana fentin su da launin shuɗi-shuɗi. Tsarin Shuka bai wuce 15 cm ba.
A takaice game da tarihin bayyanar
A cikin tarihi, akwai ambaton masanin kimiyya mai suna John Tradescan. Ya rayu a karni na goma sha bakwai, kuma na wani lokaci ya yi aiki a matsayin mai lambu a kotun masarautar Ingila Charles I. Masanin ilimin kimiyya ya tsunduma cikin nazari da kuma tsirar tsirrai da aka kawo ta Turai daga Amurka. Ya jawo hankalin Tradescan musamman ga tsire-tsire mai saurin girma, wanda yanzu ke ɗaukar suna.
Gida na shuka
Theasar haihuwar fure itace gandun daji na ƙasar Mexico. Yaduwa ta halitta, shuka ya isa Kudancin Amurka da Florida. Daga baya aka kawo shi Afirka, Australia, Asiya da Turai.
Siffofin kulawar gida
Ba a buƙatar Tradescantia zebrin kulawa ta musamman. Tana da sauƙin daidaitawa ga yanayin girma kuma yana da unpretentious har ma da mafari a cikin floriculture ba zai zama da wahala kula da ita. Daki mai haske, mai sanyin jiki ya dace da Zebrina, amma a rana mai zafi, ya kamata a guji hasken rana kai tsaye. A lokacin rani, ana fitar da tsire a saman baranda ko veranda, amma a lokaci guda ana ɗan girgiza shi.
Shuka na son haske, amma zai fi kyau ka guji hasken rana kai tsaye
Ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ganuwar ganye yana da amfani sosai, yana da warkarwa mai rauni, maganin kumburi da tasirin maganin antiseptik. An daɗe da yin imani da cewa zebrin fure mai sihiri ne wanda yake kare masu shi daga masu rashin kunya, jita-jita da tsegumi, kuma yana tsaftace iskar da ke kewaye da ita.
Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Abubuwan da ke warkarwa na zebrins suna jawo hankalin dabbobi. Domin mai tushe da ganyayyaki su tsira, an sanya shuka mafi girma.
Zazzabi
Furen zebrin zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi daban-daban, amma cikin zafi zai haɓaka da sauri, kuma cikin haɓakar iska mai sanyi zaiyi jinkirin. Yanayin da aka saba da shi ya dace sosai: daga +18 zuwa +24 ℃. Mafi ƙasƙanci zafin jiki wanda ba a ci gaba da jinyar ci gaba ba shine +12 ℃.
Haske
Itace tana son haske, tare da rashin harbe ta sai ta fara, haske. Abinda yafi dacewa shine sanya tukwane akan windowsillin gabas ko yamma. Hasken safe da yamma na rana zai ba da amfanin shuka kawai. A cikin hunturu, lokacin da hasken rana sa'o'i zama ƙasa da 8 hours, furen yana buƙatar haske na wucin gadi tare da fitilu masu kyalli.
Watse
A lokacin rani, ana shayar da tradescantia zebrin violet sosai, kimanin ruwa 2-3 a mako. Rage mai laushi da tsabtace ruwa ya fi dacewa da wannan. A cikin hunturu, idan zebrin yana cikin daki mai sanyi, haɓakar shuka yana rage ƙasa kuma yawan adadin ruwan ruwa yana raguwa. Batun ma'anar shine bushewar ƙasa a cikin tukwane. Tsakanin tsakanin ruwa, ƙasa ya kamata ya bushe zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm. Raba ruwa mai yawa don fure ya fi haɗari fiye da rashin danshi. Tare da ruwa lokaci-lokaci, ganye na iya so, amma sai a dawo da sauri. Idan ƙasa a cikin tukunya tana da danshi a koyaushe, Tushen da mai tushe za su fara lalacewa kuma tsirin zai mutu.
Fesa
Tare da kasa isasshen danshi, ganyen zebrine sun fara alaƙar. Sabili da haka, wani lokaci ana sanya tukunya da shuka a kan tire tare da tsakuwa mai cike da ruwa, kuma ana baza ganyen da harbe a kai a kai daga kwalban da aka fesa. Amma idan furen ya girma kuma ya inganta da kyau, ba lallai ba ne don sanyaya shi da fesawa. An cire turɓayar da aka zauna akan ganyayyaki tare da ɗambin ruwan lemo ko an wanke a ƙarƙashin wanka.
Idan iska ta bushe, ganye da mai tushe ya kamata a fesa.
Haushi
Jin zafi na cikin gida yakamata ya zama aƙalla 60%. Yana da karɓa idan tukunyar yana wurin kusa da akwatin kifin ko wata hanyar danshi. Kuna iya sanya kwano na ruwa kusa.
Kasar
Zedasan yana saniyar ta tsaka mai wuya ko phyic acid na pH. Dole a kwance shi. Don shirya irin wannan ƙasa, ana yin cakuda ƙasa na takardar, humus, turf da yashi ruwan kogi. Ya kamata a ɗauka waɗannan kayan aikin a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1: 1. Hakanan zaka iya shirya cakuda peat 2 peat da sashi 1 m yashi ko perlite. Tukunyar dasa yakamata ya zama mai zurfi, tare da rami mai kauri a ƙasa.
Manyan miya
Ana ciyar da Zebrin tare da takin mai magani, yana farawa daga bazara har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin aiki mai aiki. Kuna buƙatar takin sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu, wuce haddi na hadi na haifar da asarar launukan ganyen.
Informationarin bayani! A cikin hunturu da kaka, ciyar ba a yi. Cutar da mara ƙarfi da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma ba sa takin.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Hotunan kwalliyar Zebra mai kwalliyar kwalliya tare da kananan furanni masu ruwan hoda-shuɗi ko shunayya wadanda suka bayyana akan mai tushe da sinadarin ganye. Furanna suna da kwalliya, kowannensu yana da fure uku.
Tsarin fure
Inflorescences na shuka sune laima, suna axillary. Furanni masu ƙananan, fure uku. Calyx da corolla suna ganye.
Lokacin tashi
A cikin bude ƙasa, zebra-kamar tradescantia yawanci fure a ƙarshen bazara - farkon lokacin rani. A cikin gida, idan kun kirkiri yanayi na greenhouse, shuka zai iya yin fure tun daga farkon Satumba zuwa Fabrairu.
Zebrina furanni
Mai jan tsami
The mai tushe na shuka girma cikin sauri, shimfiɗa, kuma tare da shekaru ya zo da bayyanar da rassan. Don kula da kaddarorin kayan ado, ana buƙatar yanke harbe, ba da daji kyakkyawan tsari. Itaciyar fure tare da ƙoshin fure da ƙwayayen da suka fara bushewa suma an cire su. A tukwici tsawon rassan ana kai a kai don yin shuka mafi m kuma lush.
Kula! Ya kamata a datse zebrins tare da safofin hannu, tunda ruwan 'ya'yan itace na iya haifar da fushin fata.
Yadda ake yin kiwo
Wannan tsirrai na yaduwa a hanyoyi da dama:
- yanke;
- ta hanyar tsaba;
- ta hanyar rarraba shuka zuwa sassa.
Farfagandar ta yanke
Hanyar ita ce mafi sauki kuma mafi inganci. Don yan itace suna ɗaukar tsayi tsawon cm 8 Yana da kyawawa cewa suna da nau'i biyu na ganye. Don sa shuka ya zama mafi girma, ana shuka itace da yawa a cikin tukunya ɗaya a lokaci daya. Tushen Tushen na iya zama duka a cikin ƙasa da cikin ruwa. Basu rufe komai daga sama ba. Lokacin da aka yanke tushen kuma yayi girma kadan, ana dasa su cikin ƙasa musamman da aka shirya.
Tsarin iri
An dauki shi hanyar mafi yawan aiki. A cikin bazara, ana shuka iri a cikin kwandon shara tare da ƙasa, ya daɗaɗa, kuma an rufe komai da fim ko gilashi a saman don ƙirƙirar tasirin greenhouse. An sanya damar a cikin daki mai kyawun haske da dumama. Zazzabi iska ya kamata ya kasance kusa da +20 ℃. Don hana yawan danshi daga tarawa, ana fitar da greenhouse daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Bayan fitowar, an cire fim ɗin. Seedlings lokaci-lokaci moisturize, kuma a lõkacin da suka germinate - transplanted cikin tukwane.
Tsarin Shuka
Idan daji yayi girma, ya kasu kashi da dama, rabawa da rhizomes. Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan lokacin dasawa. Kowane ɗayan sassan da aka kafa ana shuka su dabam. Matasa seedlings a farkon inuwa da ruwa a matsakaici.
Juyawa
Dasawa, yawanci a cikin bazara. Capacityarfin dasawa ya kamata ya zama ƙasa, amma yadu tare da ramuka a ƙasa don malalewa. Don haka danshi a cikin ƙasa bai yi tururi ba, an fara shimfiɗa daskararren yumɓu ko ƙaramin dutse akan ƙarshen kwandon, sannan ana zuba ƙasa. Matasa tsire-tsire suna dasa shi sau ɗaya a shekara, manya - sau ɗaya kowace shekara biyu.
Zebrin juyawa
Mahimmanci! Don tsarin tushen ya sami isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da sarari don haɓaka, tazara tsakanin tushen da ganuwar akwati ya kamata ya zama akalla 2-5 cm.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Babban karin kwari da zebra-kamar tradescantia:
- gizo-gizo mite;
- sikelin garkuwa;
- aphids.
Kasancewar waɗannan kwari ana nunawa da farko ta ɗakin ganye. Idan cobwebs ya bayyana a cikin internodes, akwai wasu ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo a nan. Za'a iya gano kasancewar glandar thyroid ta hanyar filayen sifofi a jikin ganyayyakin. Aphids sun fi son yin biki akan harbe matasa.
Don magance kwari masu cutarwa, ana wanke mai tushe da ganyayyaki da ruwa mai sawa. Amma idan nasarar ta riga ta kasance mai ƙarfi, ba za ku iya yi ba tare da sunadarai ba. Ana sayar da magungunan kashe kwari a duk shagunan fure.
Sauran matsaloli
Yana da matukar wahala ga shuka su cutar da rashin isasshen kulawa, amma wani lokacin hakan yakan faru. Sauran matsaloli sukan haɗu da isasshen kulawa:
- idan ganyayyaki suka faɗi, shuka ba shi da isasshen haske da ruwa;
- launinsu ya lalace - rana ta bace;
- ganye suna wrinkled, samun launin ruwan kasa tint - bai isa ba danshi;
- bushe, kuma tukwici suna zama launin ruwan kasa - iskar da ke kusa da fure tana buƙatar ta da hankali;
- ganye ne mai ruwa da translucent - kasar gona ba ya bushewa tushen sa ya fara jujjuyawa.
Zebrina mara misalai
Idan ya gano cewa matsalar tana cikin busasshiyar ƙasa, kuna buƙatar shayar da zebrin, kuma wannan zai taimaka wajen sake farfado da shi. Rashin hasken ya cancanci gyara. Idan kuwa ya kasance cikin tushen, to sai an rage sauran dabbobin da suka tsira kuma su sake dasa su.
Tradescantia zebrin kulawa gida yana da sauƙi don samarwa. Wannan fure ne mara ma'ana. Neman kawai ɗan ɗan kula, zai yi ado gida, gida ko ofis na dogon lokaci, faranta wa ido da taimaka don canja wurin cututtuka.
