Gooseberries sune ɗayan shahararrun amfanin gona. Its berries ana godiya ba kawai don m dandano, amma kuma ga kyakkyawan bitamin abun da ke ciki. Yawancin lambu suna da sha'awar nau'in gooseberries iri-iri. Kuma shayarwa suna ƙoƙari don gamsar da buƙata ta hanyar ba da sababbin iri.
Menene halayen gooseberries?
Wannan al'ada tana da nau'i iri-iri. Waɗannan alamomi sun haɗa su kamar haka:
- palatability - gooseberries na iya zama kayan zaki, kayan gwangwani ko fasaha (na ƙarshen ba a girma a cikin ɗakunan rani);
- Girman 'ya'yan itace - ƙarami, matsakaici ko babba;
- siffar bushes ɗin tuffa ne da faɗaɗa);
- launi 'ya'yan itace - rawaya, kore ko ja;
- lokaci na yin fure - da wuri, matsakaici da marigayi 'ya'yan itace.
Guzberi Beryl
A aikace, ka'idojin rarrabuwa guda biyu mafi yawanci ana amfani dasu.
Bambancin Ganyayyaki Gubare
Wannan shine mafi girma rukuni, wanda ya hada da iri tare da inuwa mai duhu na berries:
- Guzberi Berill. Waɗannan ƙananan bushes ne matsakaici, rassan su mai tushe ne zuwa ƙasa. Shuka ta kawo 'ya'yan itatuwa kore masu zaki da tsami. The berries manyan ne, zagaye a siffar, auna a kan matsakaita har zuwa 9. Wannan wannan iri-iri jure wa m winters da kyau, amma ba za a iya kira jure cutar.
- Ruwan Kabeji Wannan shi ne matsakaici-marigayi amfanin gona, undemanding zuwa ga abun da ke ciki da ƙasa danshi, yana da tsayayya ga sanyi da fari. 'Ya'yan itãcensa suna da daɗi, babba, mai nauyin 8-9 g The Amfani da ire-ire shine babban juriya ga cututtukan fungal.
- Guzberi Invicta. An halin kyakkyawan hunturu hardiness. Yana kawo m manyan berries na m zaki da dandano tare da sourness. Shrub za a iya girma a duk yankuna.
Akwai sauran iri. Tare da babban samfuri, alal misali, Snezhana ko Pushkinsky. Akwai nau'ikan da ke da alamu masu ƙididdiga masu ɗimbin yawa, amma ingantattun berries. Misali, White Nights. Fruitsa fruitsanunta areanana ne, masu nauyin 3 g kowace, amma suna da daɗi. Itace tana da tsayayyen mildew da sanyi. Amfaninsa shine kilogiram 6 a kowane daji. A berries alama da kadan shaggy - an rufe su da Fluff, wanda kusan ba a ɗanɗana shi ba ne, amma a zahiri bayyane bayyane.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Akwai nau'ikan da suke cikin launi da ɗanɗano suna kama da gooseberries na kasar Sin, wato, kiwi. Amma m wannan shine sakamakon zaɓin mashahuri, kuma ba a haɗa irin waɗannan nau'in cikin Rajistar Jiha ba.
Rawaya iri iri
Wannan rukuni ya haɗa da iri tare da berries rawaya. Misali:
- Ruwan Ganyayyaki. Ya bambanta a wajen tsayi bushes, kambi na shuka ba ma yawo. The berries suna da sabon abu siffar, dan kadan yayi kama da pear, da ƙamshi mai ƙanshi. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan al'adar suna da daɗi - Saboda haka sunan. Koyaya, iri-iri shima yana da rashin nasara. Yana da tsayayya da sanyi, amma yana buƙatar kulawa mai wahala kuma yana iya kamuwa da cuta. Encedwararrun masanan kimiyyar aikin gona suna ba da shawara cewa haɓaka shi kawai a cikin yankin tsakiyar.
- Ileean man shafawa. Yana fasalulluka wani sabon abu mai kama da rassan mai kauri zuwa ƙasa. Rawaya, ba ma manyan berries baƙaƙe ne. A inji nasa ne rukuni na tsakiyar-ripening iri. Gabaɗaya, al'ada ta tsayayya da sanyi, an ba da shawarar don yankuna na tsakiya.
- Amber Guzberi. Wannan itace mai dasa tare da kambi mai shimfiɗa da bushesan tsayi. Ana bambanta ganyenta ta hanyar sihiri mai kyau da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Amfanin iri-iri shine cewa yana jure yanayin sanyi lokacin sanyi, wanda hakan yasa ya dace ba kawai ga layi na tsakiya ba, har ma don yankuna na arewacin.
Mahimmanci! Guzberi Amber ba rajista a cikin Rijistar Jiha, babu ingantattun ka'idoji game da shi, amma a al'adance an girma cikin kusan dukkanin yankuna na Rasha.
Ruwan Ganyayyaki
Daban-daban na ja-fruited gooseberries
Red irin gooseberries kama sabon abu. Amma a cikin wannan rukunin yawancin nau'ikan da ke da halaye masu kyau ana bred, misali:
- Kyandis Guyberi. Wannan itace mai girma sosai da girma arched rassan. Ya zama na marigayi iri. A iri-iri ne ba manya-manyan, amma m ja berries. Muhimmiyar fa'ida daga iri-iri ita ce taurin hunturu.
- Guzberi Krasnoslavyanskiy. Wannan itace mai matsakaici-girma tare da rassan madaidaiciya kuma ba ma yada kambi ba. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu ƙanana da m, amma mafi mahimmanci - suna da daɗi da ƙanshi. Dankin yana zuwa nau'in tsakiyar kakar.
- Guzberi Mashek. Itace tana da kauri, shimfida kambi, rassan su sun jingina da kadan. Al'adu yana ɗaukar siffar m. Amfanin da ire-irensu shine kyakkyawar juriya da sanyi. Amma jure cutar tana barin abin da ake so.
- Phenicia Guzberi. An yi imanin cewa sakamakon sakamakon jama'a ne. 'Ya'yan itaciyar ba ja ba ne, amma launin shuɗi mai launi - amma irin wannan inuwa tana da fata mai kauri kawai, amma kuma matattararren itace yawanci kore ne, mai daɗi-mai daɗi.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Berries na kwanan wata iri za a iya cinyewa ba kawai a cikin sabo nau'i. Suna yin jam, Sweets daban-daban. Ruwan inabin daga 'ya'yan itaciyar wannan shuka yana da kyawawan kuzari, ƙamshi mai daɗin ƙanshi. Wani fasalin kwanan wata shine cewa irin wannan shukokin na buƙatar yanki mafi girma fiye da sauran iri.
Kwanan Guzberi
Haka kuma akwai nau'ikan al'adu waɗanda zasu fi dacewa su kira baƙar fata, amma a zahiri suna da alaƙa da nau'ikan ja-fruited. Misali, wannan nau'in guzberi ne na Harlequin. Berriesaƙƙarfan salo mai daɗaɗɗen launuka masu launin suna da launin shuɗi mai duhu, wanda, a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na haske, yana bayyana launin shuɗi.
Mafi yawan samar da gwaggwabar riba na gooseberries
Yau a kasuwa akwai nau'ikan samfuri masu yawa - zaɓi na gida da na waje. Misali, guzberi Rodnik ya kafa kansa da kyau. Amfaninta ya kai kilo 9 a kowane daji. Game da daidai (kuma wani lokacin har ma fiye - har zuwa 10 kilogiram) na Beryl da aka riga aka ambata. Bushes iri-iri kamar su Phenicia suna kawo amfanin gona har 20 kilogiram na amfanin gona.
Kyakkyawan zaɓi daga wannan ra'ayi zai zama gooseberries a kan tushe. Duk da yake waɗannan nau'ikan ba su da mashahuri sosai a tsakanin mayan lambu na Rasha, amma har yanzu ana ɗaukar su sosai alamar rai. Misali, ingantaccen tsarin cakuda Hinnonmaki ya bambanta. Wannan daji ne tare da kambi mai yawa, wanda galibi ana ba shi da sifa mai sihiri.
Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! Hinnonmaki na Finnish yana da nau'ikan da yawa tare da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari daban-daban - biyu na emerald da zuma, ja.
Guinberi Hinnonmaki
Manyan iri dake 'ya'yan itace
Yawancin lambu suna son tsire-tsire tare da manyan berries. Daga cikin nau'ikan da ke sama, waɗannan sun haɗa da Beryl, Rodnik, Phenicia da wasu sauransu. Duk waɗannan suna dazuka tare da berries har zuwa 10 mm a tsayi.
Gudaberi iri ba tare da ƙaya
Rashin ƙaya ba ya shafar ɗanɗano. Amma mutane da yawa sun fi son waɗannan nau'ikan wannan al'ada. Idan babu ƙaya, amfanin gona yafi sauƙin girbi. Ta hanyar wannan nunawa, nau'ikan da ba su da kwalliya suna gaba da danginsu.
A cikin wannan rukunin, nau'ikan da suka fi fice sune Consul (sunan na biyu shine Sanata), kazalika da Eaglet da Grushenka. Amfanin Consul din kadan ne - har zuwa kilogiram 6 daga daji, Grushenka's - kusan iri daya ne, amma kadan daga Orlenka - ya kai 7 kilogiram.
M rashin daidaituwa na shrubs
Rarraba iri iri ta balaga
Don jin daɗin berries mai dadi muddin zai yiwu, masana da yawa suna ba da shawarar dasa shuki na fure Guzberi na 2-3 tare da lokaci na daban na bishi.
Ciki da wuri
Wannan rukunin ya haɗa da ciyayi waɗanda ke samar da albarkatu a farkon ko a watan Yuni, gwargwadon yanayin girma.
Mahimmanci! Varietiesanyan farko da suka pean fari sun girma a watan Afrilu; sanyi har yanzu halayyar wasu yankuna a wannan lokacin, wanda ke ƙaruwa da haɗarin mutuwar shuka. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau ka watsar da waɗannan nau'ikan.
Anan nau'ikan farfadowa da farko sun haɗa da:
- Guzberi iri dake bazara. Daga cikin fa'idarsa akwai yawan amfanin ƙasa, tsayayya da sanyi da cuta. Amma dole ne a cire berries nan da nan bayan ripening, in ba haka ba suna iya rasa dandano.
- Babban Guzberi. Wannan itace iri-iri ne mai girma. Berriesoshinta mai launin shuɗi na iya yin awo har zuwa 13-15 g.
- Abin Manyan Guzberi. Amfanin iri-iri - yana da tsayayya ga kwari, yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga ɗakin karatu mai tsayi. Berriesarshenta yana da ɗan kwalliyar launin rawaya, ba su da girma sosai (suna yin la'akari har zuwa 4 g).
Akwai wasu shahararrun nau'in cikakke - misali, guzberi Tender, Pax, da dai sauransu.
Tsaka-tsaki
Wadannan nau'in guzberi suna ba da amfani a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Red Guzberi Rashanci ya shahara. Itatacce ne na matsakaici wanda ke da yawan amfanin ƙasa sama da kilogiram 6. Kuma zaka iya girma dashi ko'ina idan banda Urals.
Kyaftin Arewa na gungun 'yan rukuni guda ne. Wannan nau'ikan iri ne tare da ƙananan ƙananan berries, masu nauyin har zuwa g 4. Suna zama a kan rassan na dogon lokaci.
Late ripening
Wadannan nau'ikan ba su da mashahuri sosai, amma suna kuma girma a cikin yankuna na kudanci. Misali, wannan shine Korshudin - wani iri ne mai dunƙule mai laushi da dandano mai ɗanɗano. Berries a kai sun bayyana kusa da Agusta. Fruitan itace mai ɗumbin launuka masu daɗin launuka masu ban sha'awa suna ba da canji.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Shiarshe-cikakke
Tsarin nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayi daban-daban
Kuna buƙatar zaɓar tsire-tsire bisa ga irin wannan ma'aunin kamar karbuwa ga sauyin yanayi.
Mafi kyawun iri don latitude kudu
Amfanin irin wannan yankuna shine cewa kowane nau'in yana jin dadi a wurin. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don zaɓar waɗanda ke nuna babban juriya ga fari. Misali, wannan shine Kyaftin na Arewa, Rawaya na Ingilishi, Kwanan wata.
Mafi maki don tsakiyar latitude
Ofayan mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don irin wannan yanki shine iri-iri na ruwan 'ya'yan itace Rodnik. Kodayake yana cikin nau'ikan ripening na farkon, yana kuma jure wa yanayin sanyi lokacin da dare ya yi yawan zafin jiki a ƙasa ba komai. Sabili da haka, an girma a yankin tsakiyar Rasha.
Mafi kyawun iri don latitude arewa
An yi nufin nau'in guzberi na hunturu-Hardy a cikin namo a Siberiya. Duk da gaskiyar cewa bazara a wannan yankin takaice, kuma sau da yawa yanayin yana gabatar da abubuwan ban mamaki, ana iya yin furannin berries masu dadi a nan. Misali Beryl ya dace da irin wannan yanayin.
Informationarin bayani. A Siberiya, nau'ikan irin su Green Rain, Minx, Black Drop za su ji daɗi.
A can zaku iya girma ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun iri - guzberi Chernomor. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai tsananin sanyi-hunturu tare da ƙananan ƙaya da ƙananan (mai nauyin har zuwa 3 g), amma 'ya'yan itatuwa masu daɗin gaske. Amfaninta mai mahimmanci shine cewa daji baya jin tsoron mildew, wanda daga waɗannan albarkatu suke sha wahala sau da yawa.
A cikin Urals, an kuma bada shawarar yin shuka nau'in hunturu-Hardy, wanda yafi fifita iri-iri. Akwai sau da yawa spring frosts, don haka farkon guzberi iri ba su dace. A cikin Urals, masu binciken agronomists suna ba da shawara dasa nau'ikan Co-Operator da Yubilyar.
Mahimmanci! A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, gooseberries suna buƙatar ƙarin kariya. Tushen tushen wuyansa an bada shawarar a rufe shi da ƙasa, ƙirƙirar nau'in abin nadi daga gare ta.
Berries iri-iri White Nights
Yadda za a zabi 'yancin guzberi iri-iri
Don yin gooseberries farin ciki tare da girbi mai kyau, kuna buƙatar zaɓar iri-iri ba da suna ba, amma ta ikonsa don daidaitawa zuwa takamaiman yanayi - yanayin ƙasa da ƙasa. Itace ya kamata ya dace da girma a cikin takamaiman yanki (alal misali, kasance mai tsayayya wa fari ko, a biɗi, ga zafi, sanyi ko zafi). Ana taka muhimmiyar rawa ta sharuɗɗan kamar juriya da juriya na cutar. Lokacin zabar iri-iri, kuna buƙatar karantawa ba kawai bayanin tallan na seedlingsan seedlings da aka buga ta hanyar gandun daji ba, har ma da kayan kayan tunani. Baya ga fa'idodin, rashin ingancinsa za a nuna a wurin, da kuma fasalolin fasahar noma.
Idan kun zaɓi nau'in guzberi, la'akari da duk abubuwan da aka ambata a sama - yanayin, ƙasa, wurin da shafin zai gamsar da mai shi tare da kyakkyawan girbi na akalla shekaru 10-12.
