Malva wakili ne a gidan Malva. A shuka ne shekara-shekara da perennial. Furanni exude ƙanshi mai daɗi. Yadda za a dasa mallow, kowane lambu ya yanke wa kansa hukunci. Farfasa da shuka da tsaba, seedlings, Hanyar rarraba daji ko cuttings. Bayan gano yadda ake girma mallow, yana da sauki samun furanni dayawa a shafin ku
Arin bayani game da shuka
Malva (lat. Malva) tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire. Wasu sunayen al'adun: kara tashi, Kalachik, mallow. Tsawon furen yana daga cm 30 zuwa 120. Babban tushe na fure an rufe shi da manyan furanni ta kowane bangare. Inflorescences na iya isa 12 cm kuma a waje yayi kama da babbar kararrawa. Furanni sun ninka biyu ko mai sauƙi. Tsarin launinsu shine mafi rarrabe - daga baki zuwa fari.
Bambancin nau'ikan mallow
Don furanni masu yawa, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar wurin da ya fi dacewa. Furen yana ƙaunar rana da mafi yawan ƙasa mai laushi, raunin da ya shafi ruwa da ruwa mai tsafta.
Tushen tsarin yana da tsayi kuma an yi masa alama. Fruitan itacen da yake tsirowa ne. Mallow tsaba suna cikin 'ya'yan itace kuma suna iya kiyayewa don shekaru 2-3.
Furen yana da daraja saboda kaddarorin magunguna. Tea tare da Bugu da ƙari na mallow yana da sakamako na expectorant, kuma kayan ado da tinctures suna daɗaɗawa da sauƙaƙa kumburi. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin masana'antar kwaskwarima da kuma don samar da mayuka a gida.
Mafi mashahuri nau'in al'adu:
- Makar gandun daji - na iya girma zuwa aƙalla 1.5 m. Babban bambancin gani shine cewa baƙin duhu akan furanni suna haifar da tasirin.
- Mallow matasan - yayi girma har zuwa 2 m kuma yana farantawa launuka iri-iri. Mafi sau da yawa, inflorescences su ne ruwan hoda, fari da ja.
- Musabi'ar musky itace mai tsiro na fari na fari ko launin ruwan hoda mai haske. Manyan inflorescences sun kai 6-8 cm.
- Lambun Mallow - ya girma har zuwa mita 2. Furancin furanni na iya zama launuka iri-iri.
Malva: girma daga tsaba lokacin dasa shuki
Dasa ranakun dasa kai tsaye sun dogara ne da nau'in mallow. Shuka tsaba na wakilan biennial ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara. Yana da al'ada al'ada dasa mallow shekara daya kafin hunturu kuma farkon harbe zai bayyana a farkon bazara. Canza nau'ikan shekara-shekara yana da kyau a watan Mayu, kuma perennial - ba a farkon watan Agusta ko Satumba ba.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude
Ana iya siyan tsaba a shagon sana'a. Tare da girbi mai zaman kanta, an yanke rassa tare da furanni daga daji da farko kuma a bushe a cikin hanyar bouquet. Yayin bushewa, kayan iri suna balaga a cikin yanayin halitta, a cikin akwatin iri. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a tsakiyar bazara kuma yana iya shimfiɗa zuwa ga tsananin sanyi.
Mahimmanci! Tare da tarin kayan abu mai zaman kanta don dasa, an yanke rassan tun ma kafin a gama daskarewa.
Lokacin da za a shuka mallow tare da tsaba a cikin ƙasa buɗe ya dogara da takamaiman yanki. A cikin sigar gargajiya, ana yin shuka ne a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara. Lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi sama-wuri kamar yadda zai yiwu, ana shuka tsaba a kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin musanya don lokacin hunturu, leavesan ganye kawai zasu sami lokaci don samarwa a cikin mallow. Tsarin fure zai fara zuwa shekara mai zuwa.
Don tunani. Al'adar da aka girma daga tsaba ba koyaushe ake maimaita manyan kaddarorin uwar ba, kuma tana iya bambanta sosai.
Lokacin dasa shuki mallow lokacin da aka girma daga tsaba, kowane lambu ya yanke wa kansa hukunci. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin kaka, kada a jinkirta wannan taron. An fi son Satumba, kuma ga yankuna na kudanci, har ma da watan Oktoba.
Haske. A lokacin dasa shuki, yana da mahimmanci a rufe shafin shuka da ciyawa.
Kafin yada mallow, don inganta ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, jiƙa su a cikin ruwa mai dumi kwana ɗaya. Don haka harsashi na waje zai zama m. Bayan wannan, ana iya shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya. Ya kamata a dasa tsaba da aka shirya a cikin rami mai zurfi 3 cm. Nisa tsakanin seedlingsan seedlings ya kasance aƙalla cm cm 10. An rufe ramin da hasken wuta, zai fi dacewa peat.
Idan ba a bin dokokin farko lokacin dasa shuki a farkon bazara, matashin ya fito daga nan zai iya daskarewa ya mutu. Don aminci a rami ɗaya, ana bada shawara ga yayyafa tsaba da yawa a lokaci guda. Mallow tsaba germinate da kyau. Bayan kwanaki goma sha hudu, farawa ta farko zata fara fitowa. Daga cikin waɗannan, mafi kyawun ƙarfi da ƙarfi ana barin hagu.
Shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bude
Hanyar ingantacciya kuma ingantacciyar hanyar kiwo mallow shine seedling. A watan Janairu ko Fabrairu, an shuka kayan dasa a cikin kwantena na musamman. Furen ya amsa da kyau ga kasancewar peat a cikin ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani da kofuna na peat na musamman ko Allunan. Mallow seedlings suna buƙatar ƙarin haske tare da fitilu na musamman. Zazzabi mai gamsarwa don mafi kyawun tsiro - 20 ° C. Bayan ganyayen farko sun bayyana, yana da mahimmanci a fesa kullun da ruwa mai ɗumi.
Kayan seedling
Mahimmanci! Dole ne matashi shuka ya taurare a waje.
Dasawa cikin tsiron isan ƙasa a cikin ƙasa mai yuwuwa yana yiwuwa nan da nan bayan sanyi ba a sake, a ƙarshen Mayu ko farkon Yuni.
Farfagandar mallow ta yanke
Kafin aiwatar da aiki, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda ake haɓaka mallow da taimakon cut. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar adana dukkan halaye na fure da kayan adonsu.
Tsarin aiki
- An yanke harbe-tsire na tsire-tsire manya a cikin guda 10 cm.
- Kowane yanki ana bi da shi da kayan yaji ko yankakken gawayi.
- An dasa filayen a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki, ana shayar da shi sosai kuma an rufe shi da kowane abu mai ma'ana don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse.
Lokacin da shuka ya ɗauki tushe kuma tsiron ya girma, ana dasa shukar da ke gaba zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa. Don lokacin hunturu, an harbe matashi matasa tare da agrofibre ko burlap.
Tuna! Yankan ba hanya mafi inganci ba, saboda ba dukkan tsirrai ba ne ke yin tushe.
Kiwo ta hanyar rarraba daji
Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar wannan hanyar kawai don fure mai shekaru biyu. Yana da matukar wahala a ƙirƙira mallow tare da rarrabuwa na dogon lokaci ba tare da lalata tsarin tushe ba. A mafi yawan halaye, wannan ba da shawarar ba. Tsarin tushen ingantaccen tsari bazai iya rayuwa dasawa da rarrabuwa ba.
Tsarin rarrabuwa na daji
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa, don ninka mallow ta hanyar rarraba daji yafi aminci. Tushen yana haƙa a hankali ya haɗu. Samu delenki dasa a kan shafin.
Kulawa mai zuwa
Mallow ya sami karɓuwa ta dalilin rashin daidaituwarsa da yanayin yanayin ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci ruwa ya sha fure a cikin tsari da tsari. Bayan kowace bushewa, dole ne a kwance ƙasa kuma a tsabtace ciyayi. A lokacin toho, takin tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen da kuma hadaddun ma'adinai saman miya ana kara su a cikin ƙasa.
Dole ne a ɗaure nau'in mallow na mallow tare da tallafin gida wanda zai tallafa wa shuka a yayin iska mai ƙarfi.
Hanyar Shuka
A cikin kaka, bayan an gama fure, ana yin tsabtace tsabtace na shuka zuwa matakin ƙasa. A lokaci guda, yana buƙatar ciyar da shi don mafi kyawun daidaitawa. Don yin wannan, ƙara duk wani hadadden ƙwayar takin mai ƙasa zuwa ƙasa kuma ku rufe shi da wani lokacin farin ciki na hay ko rassan yankakken.
Mahimmanci! Duk inflorescences bayan ƙarshen lokacin furanni dole ne a cire shi.
Cutar mai yiwuwa bayan haihuwa
Saboda kulawa mara kyau, shuka mai rauni bayan dasawa zai iya kamuwa da tsatsa. Babban dalilai: ƙasa mai laushi ko nitrogen wuce haddi a cikin ƙasa a hade tare da rashin potassium da phosphorus. Alamar farko ita ce bayyanar ja, ɗigunan sako a ciki daga cikin takardar farantin.
Mahimmanci! Ganyayyaki da raunin da ya kamu da ƙwayar cuta suna ƙarƙashin cirewa da ƙonewa cikin gaggawa.
A farkon matakin kamuwa da cuta, ya isa ya cire wuraren da aka lalace daga fure. Idan cutar ta lalace ba kawai ganye ba, har ma da tushe, yana da mahimmanci don kula da shuka tare da magungunan kashe ƙwari na musamman - Topaz, Fitosporin ko cakuda Bordeaux. Tare da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, ana maimaita hanyar kowane mako biyu har sai an murmure mallow ɗin. Duk wani jiyya ana gudanar da shi ne da yamma tare da cikakkiyar rashi na iska da hazo.
Tsatsa kan mallow
Idan ba'a lura da yanayi da ka'idojin dasa ba, za a iya kamuwa da cutar malloww. Don magance shi, ana amfani da maganin colloidal sulfur, an shirya shi bisa ga umarnin kan kunshin.
Sau da yawa ana kai hari shuka da slugs da katantanwa. Ana amfani da tarkunan Biyer don kare filayen sauka. An sanya faranti tare da koto a ƙarƙashin bushes, kuma a cikin rana za ku iya tattara kwari.
Yawan yalwar fure
Mallow kyakkyawan kyakkyawa ne kuma tsire-tsire masu kayan ado marasa tushe. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, yana faranta maka rai tsawon lokaci tare da launuka iri-iri. Godiya ga kyawawan tsiro da yawan fure, shekara mai zuwa bayan dasa shuki, shuka zai juyar da wani lambu mai kama da aljanna.
