Cututtuka na Malva - Sanadin da Bayyanawa

Perennial shuka mallow, ko kara fure, yana da ban sha'awa sosai daga ra'ayi mai ado. An tattara shi cikin inflorescences mai ƙyalƙyali, manyan furanni daban-daban na launuka daban-daban suna ƙawata ɗayan gidajen lambun masu sauƙin gaba a cikin yanayi mai ban sha'awa, da kuma shirye-shiryen fure mai ladabi. Hakanan ana kiran Mallow mallow (malva), wanda ke da ƙarin furanni masu tsada. Duk tsirrai biyu daga dangin mugunta suna da yawa a cikin bayanin kuma yawancin lambu ne ke amfani da su.

Lafiya, shuke-shuke-da-bunƙasa Bloom profusely har zuwa ƙarshen kaka, sannu a hankali buɗe farko da ƙananan buds, to, bin sama kibiya. Koyaya, samfurori sun raunana ta hanyar kwari ko cututtuka da sauri rasa sakamako na ado. Ganyayyaki sun juya launin rawaya, buds sun bushe ba tare da nunawa ba. Don taimakawa shuka, kuna buƙatar fahimtar abin da ya haifar da waɗannan matsalolin.

Mallow fure

Sanadin cututtukan mallow

Abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtuka sune kwayoyin cuta, fungi, ƙwayoyin cuta, kwari da kurakurai cikin kulawa. Yanayi tare da babban zafi yana ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar cututtukan fungal, kwari da yawa sun bazu cikin yanayi mai zafi da bushe. Sakamakon sauye-sauye akai-akai a cikin zafin jiki, cutar da sauri ta lalata dukkan sassan shuka. Don dakatar da matsalar, yana da mahimmanci a yi ingantaccen ganewar asali akan lokaci.

Iri cututtuka

Rashin ingantaccen yanayi na haɓaka yana haifar da hana tsire-tsire, yayin samar da yanayi mai dacewa don ci gaban cututtuka. Naman gwari da cututtukan hoto suna haifar da cutarwa ga tsire-tsire iri iri.

Cututtukan da ke haifar da fungi suna shafar ƙananan ganyayyaki, waɗanda ke bushewa su mutu. A sakamakon haka, tsiron ya yi rauni, ciyawar tasa ta jinkirta, kuma aka fitar da mai tushe.

An yi la'akari da cututtukan hoto ko da kuwa mafi haɗari. Suna sauri yadawa zuwa furanni na makwabta kuma yana da wahalar warkewa daga shuka daga garesu. Rashin lafiya ta hanzarta rasa sakamakon ado.

Kwayoyin cuta na haɓakar mallow na iya lalacewa ta hanyar keta halayen rayuwar shuka: yanayin yanayi, yanayin zafi da ƙasa.

Matsalolin marasa kamuwa da cuta

Creatirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau don haɓaka shine fifiko ga kariyar shuka. Duk wani cututtukan malva sun koma baya daga rigakafi mai ƙarfi, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da kulawa da ta dace. Ya hada da: rare ruwa, ingantaccen haske, takin tare da takin ma'adinai, cire lokaci na ganye da furanni.

Rashin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata sun haɗa da:

• chlorosis, a cikin abin da haske launin rawaya tabo a kan ganye;
• fadowa;
• faduwa ganye.

Irin waɗannan cututtukan suna bayyana ne sakamakon rashin kulawa da kyau kuma ta ɓace bayan an kawar da rashi.

Kwayoyin cuta

Kwayoyin cuta na Phytopathogenic suna haifar da cututtukan da ke haifar da mutuwar gaba ɗaya na tsire-tsire ko sassan sa. Sakamakon toshewar tasoshin, lalacewa ta gaba ɗaya na mummunan aiki yana faruwa, kuma lalacewar gida ana nuna shi ta hanyar necrosis shafukan yanar gizon mutum. Kwayar cuta ta shiga cikin shuka ko dai ta halitta (ta hanyar pores ko stomata), ko ta lalacewa ta inji. Furanni masu kamuwa da cuta suna cikin baƙin ciki da watsar da ganyayyaki.

Kwayoyin cuta suna cikin damuwa sosai ta hanyar ƙwayoyin rigakafi na Phytolavin. Ana aiwatar da tsire-tsire a cikin hanyar spraying da shayar da tushe.

Cututtukan naman gwari

A karkashin wasu yanayi, cututtukan da ke haifar da fungi da sauri suna yada kuma suna haifar da mutuwar tsirrai. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan shine saboda yawan danshi a yanayin zafi. Yana da mahimmanci a gane cutar a cikin lokaci kuma a taimaka wa shuka.

A kan mallow ja aibobi: abin da za a yi

Tushen abubuwanda ke tattare da tsatsa tsattsauran ra'ayi sune nau'ikan fungi na parasitic, amma alamu koyaushe iri ɗaya ne. Waɗannan su ne abubuwan jigilar launuka ko ratsi na launi launin ruwan kasa akan ganyayyaki, petioles da kara. A saman ɓangaren takardar ana samin aikin su tare da fenti na rawaya mai haske.

Tsatsa kan mallow

Me yasa mallow ke da ganye mai ganye? Walƙwallan duhu mai duhu tare da spores fungal na fatar akan su, saboda abin da launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa mai kama da tsatsa ya bayyana akan shuka.

Theaƙar tsutsa a kan mallow tana haifar da evaarfin danshi, a ƙarshe kuma shuka ta bushe. Magunguna kamar Poliram zasu taimaka wajen yaƙi da tsatsa. Wannan lambar kiba ta dakatar da kirar enzymes na pathogen. Matakan da za a bi don magance tsatsa a cikin mallow suma sun hada da yankan ganye marasa lafiya da kuma fesa plantings da jiko na tafarnuwa.

Powdery mildew

Farin murfi mai kauri a kan ganye da ganyayyaki na mallow suna nuni da bayyanar mildew ɗin powdery. Wannan cuta, ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta ta microscopic, ta raunana tsirrai da gangar jikinta. Yana tsokani da haɓakar cutar ta ruwa. Wajibi ne don bi da tsire-tsire masu cutar ta Topaz fungicide.

Powdery mildew

Useswayoyin cuta

Kwayoyin cutar hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo suna haifar da canji a cikin siffar da kuma ganowar ganyayyaki. Yankunan da suka ba da haske, aibobi da tarkuna daban-daban sun bayyana a kan shuka. Ganyen fure da abin ya shafa ya lalace, kuma an dakatar da haɓakarsa. Masu ɗauke da cutar na iya zama aphids da thrips. Akwai buƙatar cire tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, kuma a maimakon su, ya kamata a samo nau'ikan da ke tsayayya da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Karin kwari

Babban abokan gaba na mallow sune aphids, gizo-gizo gizo da talla. Wani lokacin shuka ana kai hari ta ganye beetles da nematodes. Karin kwari sun mamaye plantings na mallow kuma suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Kasancewar kwari ne wanda shine yawanci amsar wannan tambaya me yasa ganye mallow ya zama rawaya. Bugu da kari, parasites suna ba da gudummawa ga shigarwar kananan kwayoyin cuta a jikin fure, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban cututtuka.

Ana amfani da magungunan kashe ƙwari don sarrafa kwari, amma dole ne a fara tantance ainihin wanda zai ci mallow. Akwai magunguna waɗanda ke taimaka wa magance nau'in kwari guda ɗaya kawai. Misali, maganin Nissoran acaricide yana da matukar tasiri sosai game da nau'ikan ticks, amma bashi da amfani wajen yakar thrips.

Aphids

Girman girman aphids ya kai kimanin mm 2.5. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, kwari ya yawaita cikin hanzari, kuma a ƙarshen lokacin za a iya rufe dukkanin ɓangarorin angarorin mallow da aphids. Karin kwari tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga fi na harbe, petioles, ganye. Ya shafa ganye curl, juya rawaya kuma fall.

Aphid akan ganye

Zaɓuɓɓuka don kawar da aphids:

• Sinadaran sunadarai. Actara tana da tasirin ciki-hanji. Ana amfani dashi a ƙarƙashin tushen, ana kuma kula da ɓangaren ɓangaren na shuka ta hanyar fesawa. Kwayoyin suna mutuwa cikin awanni 4-6.
• Sabulu bayani. A cikin lita ɗaya na ruwa mai ɗumi, 10 g na sab sabulu ne diluted.
• Fesa tare da maganin soda da gishiri. Don 1 lita na ruwa, ɗauki tablespoon na kuɗi.

Spider mite

Ana samun ciyaman na Putin kusan ko'ina. Wadannan ƙananan kwari masu launin kore da launin shuɗi suna da matukar tasiri. Femaleaya mace tana yin ƙwai na launin shuɗi zuwa 150 a ƙasan ganyen, kuma zata iya girma zuwa ƙarni 10 a lokacin bazara. Iska mai bushewa tana bada gudummawa ga yaduwar ticks. Tsire-tsire masu lalacewa da sauri suna rasa bayyanar kyakkyawa. A m tarnaƙi daga cikin ganye an ja da na bakin ciki yanar gizo, a karkashin abin da kwari rayuwa da kuma ninka.

Matakan sarrafawa:

1. Amfani da sinadarai shine hanya mafi inganci. Shahararren kayan aiki don magance arachnids shine Anticlesch. Wannan acaricide tare da rawar gani mai yawa ba ya rasa tasiri a yanayin zafi da sauri yana hana mahimmancin kwari.
2. Amfani da magungunan jama'a. An lura cewa albasa maras tabbas yana da illa ga gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Don rabu da kaska, ana amfani da jiko na kwana biyu da albasarta (20 g da albassai husks da lita 1 na ruwa). Sau uku fesawa yana lalata kwaro.

Nematodes

Akwai nau'ikan nematodes guda uku: ganye, ganye da tushe. Wadannan kananan, tsutsotsi marasa launi suna shiga kwayar shuka. Hanyar lalatattun mallow da ke lalacewa, a wasu wuraren suna yin kumburi. Tissues a hankali yake mutuwa. Furanni ba su girma sosai ko ba sa tsari kwata-kwata.

Yana da wuya a rabu da kafaɗa nematodes. Aiwatar da kwayoyi irin su Karbofos (guba na lamba) ko Nmagon nematocide na duniya. An yanke sassan jikin ciyayi da lalacewa.

Matsawa

Sau da yawa, mallow plantings tsokani slugs. Ana iya tara su da hannu ko saita tarko - kwantena tare da giya don ƙulle. Smell cted Ya rage don tattarawa da lalata su da safe.

Leaf beetles

Adult ganye-cin beetles gnaw ramuka a cikin mallow ganye, ciyar a kan shuka ruwan itace. Larvae sami damar cinye dukkan ɓangaren ɓangaren tsire-tsire. Lokacin da mai lambu ya gano ɓarna a cikin ramuka, abin da za a aiwatar, tambayar farko ta taso. Vinegar repels karin kwari. 500 ml an narkar da shi a guga na ruwa kuma aka fesa shi da kayan dasawa. Tare da adadin parasites da yawa, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Confidor.

Halaye na ganye irin ƙwaro

Yadda za a kare shuka daga cututtuka

Tsarin tsari na ingantacciyar tsari na kariya daga kwari da cututtuka ya haɗa ba kawai hanyoyin hanyoyin magani ba, har ma da matakan kariya. Yana da Dole a bincika tsire-tsire akai-akai, kafin dasa shuki, bakara kasar gona tare da ƙwayar potassium ko ruwan zãfi, cire sassan bushe na shuka. Wadannan ayyuka masu sauki suna hana kwari da kawar da hanyoyin kamuwa da cuta.

Itace mai mallow ya fi sauran furanni lambun saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Karin kwari suna son su kai masa hari. Don rage yawan aukuwar matsaloli da rage lalacewa daga gare su, ya zama dole a kula da yanayin da ake buƙata don ingantacciyar haɓakar fure kuma aiwatar da rigakafin cututtuka.