Hawan Hawan Elf shine babban tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa wanda zai iya ba wa lambun sha'awar soyayya. Tare da kulawa da ta dace, zai yi fure na dogon lokaci tare da yalwatacce, yana jan hankalin kanta. Addinin "elf" yana ba ku damar amfani da shi a duka rukuni da kuma yanki guda.
Tarihin halitta da bayanin iri-iri
Kamfanin na Jamus ne Rosen Tantau ya kirkiro hawa dutsen na Elf. Elves suna cikin jerin Nostalgische Rosen ("wardi na Nostalgic") kuma, kamar yadda aka bayyana, sune tsire-tsire na lambun zamani.
Tashi tsalle
Short Short
The harbe na Elf hawa ya tashi zuwa 2.5 - 3 m ba ga tsawo da kuma 1.5 m nisa. Gashi mai tushe sun yi daidai, amma idan aka sauke su akan tallafin, sai su samar da kayan wasan kwaikwayo. A buds masu ƙanshi ne, lokacin farin ciki, babba - kusan 12 cm a diamita. Corollas ana fentin su a cikin farin launi mai mau kirim, kusa da tsakiya sune sautunan lemun tsami tare da ganye. A cikin fure daya za'a iya samun filayen fure 57.
Bayanin kwatancen hawa na fure Elf - fure mai fure har zuwa 6. Ganyayyaki masu duhu kore, m, lafiya.
Don tunani! Dangane da bayanan hukuma na kamfanin kiwo: Yankin yanayin damina shine 5.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Daga cikin fa'idodin wannan nau'ikan suna da mahimmanci a lura:
- fure mai yawa;
- dogon lokacin furanni - kusan duk lokacin rani (a tsakiyar watan Yuli ƙasa da sauran lokacin);
- ƙanshi mai ɗanɗano;
- juriya zuwa powdery mildew da baki spotting.
Rashin daidaituwa sun hada da:
- sanyi juriya - har zuwa -29 ° С (a cikin bangarori 4-5 yana buƙatar dumama, saboda yana iya daskarewa);
- low jure wa ruwan sama mai ƙarfi - yana da kyau a dasa a cikin ƙasa kusa da bango ko shinge a gefen leeward.
Gabaɗaya, yawancin lambu suna ɗaukar waɗannan gajerun abubuwa fasali ne na fasahar aikin gona, bawai gazawar fili ba.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Ana amfani da wardi na hawa a cikin shimfidar wurare a tsaye da kwance. Suna yin ado arches, arbor, samar da shinge. Rose Elfe yana da kyau sosai kamar tef. Idan kun kula da fure sosai, to, yana girma da ƙarfi, babba, tare da manyan inflorescences. Wadannan halaye na daji tabbas suna jawo hankalin ido.
Furanni masu haske da kyawawan ganye zasu taimaka canzawa har ma da mafi kusurwar duhu a gonar. Wadannan wardi suna ba da yanayin soyayya ga gonar.
Hawan wardi a kan bene
Yadda za a dasa a buɗe ƙasa
Idan mai kula da lambun ya yanke shawarar dasa fure a kan tsirar, to, mafi sauki kuma mafi ƙarancin bayani shine siyan siyar a cikin shago na musamman ko gandun daji. Wannan tsire-tsire ya riƙe dukkan halaye na iri-iri.
Har ila yau, hauhawar sesan itace kuma suna ba da ransu da kyau wajan yanka. Don dasa kayan, ana amfani da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi bayan fure na farko.
Informationarin bayani! Tare da wasu dabaru da damar iya shuka ta hanyar shuka. Amma a lokaci guda, akwai damar koyaushe cewa shuka ba zai gaji duk halaye na iri-iri ba.
Zaɓin wuri
Haɓaka tsiro ya dogara da madaidaicin zaɓi na wurin. Yana da mahimmanci don fure don zaɓar wani fili, cike da wuta, amma ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye a lokacin cin abincin rana ba, ana kiyaye shi daga iska da magudanun. Yana da kyau a sanya shinge hawa akan kudu ko kudu maso yamma. Tare da bango ko shinge domin lashes na iya ja da baya.
Wani lokaci ne saukowa
A cikin yankunan kudu, Elf hawan wardi za'a iya dasa shi a cikin kaka da bazara. Shuka zai sami lokaci don daidaitawa da ɗaukar tushe. A cikin yanayi mai zafi tare da matsanancin ruwan sanyi, ana aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin bazara, lokacin da ƙasa tayi zafi sama da duk lokacin sanyi.
Yadda ake shirya ƙasa da furen domin shuka
A kasar gona domin fure ya zama m da haske. Irin wannan Layer na ƙasa wajibi ne ba kawai a farfajiya ba, har ma tare da tsawon tsawon tushen sa. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, tare da yumɓu masu yawa, to, ana bada shawara don ƙara takin, peat, yashi mai laushi, humus a ciki.
Tare da ƙasa mai yashi, danshi ba ya yin laushi kuma yanayin ƙasa ya yi zafi sosai. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya ƙara cakuda peat, ƙasa turf da ɗan taki ko humus.
Wardi girma a kan dan kadan acidic kasa. Sabili da haka, an ƙara peat zuwa tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa na alkaline. Tare da wuce haddi acidity, ana amfani da lemun tsami ko ash.
Hankali! Yankin ruwan karkashin kasa yakamata ya kasance a cikin zurfin 1 m, in ba haka ba baƙar fata na iya bayyana akan harbe daga yawan ruwan sama.
Dasa seedling
Kafin dasa shuki, an saka ciyawar cikin ruwa tsawon kwana daya. A wannan lokacin, shuka yana cike da danshi. A daji, ana yanke tushen da harbe, yana barin sassa masu ƙarfi da lafiya. Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki, za'a iya riƙe fure a cikin raunin bayani na potassiumgangan na kusan rabin sa'a.
Tsarin ƙasa
Thean daji na hawan Elf yana da girma, sabili da haka, tsakanin kofe ya kamata ya zama akalla 0.5 m.
Saukowa ana aiwatar da tsari:
- Don seedling, tono rami tare da zurfin kaɗan kaɗan da 0.5. Idan ruwan ƙasa yana kusa da saman ƙasa, to, zuba 10 cm na magudanar ruwa daga manyan lebuna ko tsakuwa a ƙasan ramin. Sannan takin ko kuma taki na shekarar bara an shimfiɗa su a cikin girma. Takin da aka sanya 10 cm na kasar gona.
- An saita seedling a cikin rami domin manyan Tushen an daidaita su.
- A hankali yake riƙe da shuka, an rufe ramin da ƙasa. A ƙasa kusa da daji an compacted.
- Bayan dasa, an zubar da ƙasa a kusa da seedling. Za'a iya amfani da kuzarin Tushen tushen - alal misali, Heteroauxin, Kornevin. Idan ƙasa ta yi rauni, to, an yayyafa shi.
Mahimmanci!Dole ne a zurfafa wuyan tushe da kusan cm 3. Sannan yawan harbe da ke saman alurar riga kafi zasu karu. Kuma a lokaci guda zai taimaka wa fure don samun tsira daga daskarewa.
Kula da tsiro
Lokacin kiyaye hawan hawan dutse, dasa ba kawai yana da mahimmanci ba, har ma da kula da shi: shayarwa, rike danshi, kayan miya, girki da dasawa.
Watering dokokin da zafi
Roses na iya tsira daga fari tsawon lokaci, amma wannan kusan koyaushe yana cutar da kamanninsu da furanni. A cikin yanayin bushewa, ya isa ruwa sau biyu a mako tare da ruwa mai ɗumi. Tare da farko na kwanaki sanyi, ana rage yawan ruwa. A farkon kaka, waɗannan tsire-tsire ba sa buƙatar shayarwa.
Don samun ingantacciyar lafiya, ana iya yin amfani da wardi ta hanyar fesawa. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da ruwan dumi kuma aiwatar da hanya da safe ko da yamma.
Hankali! Idan kun fesa da ruwan hoda bushes a lokacin, tare da rana mai ƙarfi, to ƙone na iya bayyana akan ganye daga saukad.
Manyan miya
A cikin bazara, lokacin da shuka ta fara girma, tana buƙatar takin nitrogen. A lokacin furanni, suna ciyar da phosphorus da potassium.
Aikace-aikacen taki
Daga farkon lokacin girma zuwa rabi na biyu na bazara, ana amfani da takin zamani sau biyu a wata. Akwai ciyarwa ta musamman hadaddun, wanda ya haɗa da abubuwa na Organic da abubuwan ma'adinai.
Wardi suna amsawa da kyau ga humus. Mulching shima yana da amfani a gare su. Ba wai kawai ya ciyar da shuka ba, har ila yau yana riƙe da danshi. Bugu da kari, murkushe mai wuya ba ya kafawa a saman kasar gona.
Mai jan tsami
Akwai wasu sharudda:
- A cikin bazara, da suka yanke lashes lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi, kazalika da fi na harbe.
- Ana buƙatar girki na bazara don ta da fure kuma ya ba daji yadda ake so.
- A cikin kaka, an lalace mai tsayi ko mai tsayi mai yawa. Wannan datti ana kiransa sanitary.
Juyawa
Idan kana son dasa daji zuwa wani sabon wuri, to, zai fi kyau ka yi wannan a farkon lokacin bazara (bayan duk lokacin sanyi) ko kuma a farkon kaka (wanda ya sa shuka ya da lokacin daukar tushe kafin farkon yanayin sanyi).
Kafin dasawa, ana bada shawara don yanke harbe. Idan wannan ƙaramin daji ne, to, matasa harbe suna ɗan gajarta. A cikin balaguron hawan fure, an yanke mai tushe ta kimanin m 0.5, kuma an cire tsoffin harbe gaba daya.
- Da farko shirya rami tare da ƙasa. Da diamita daga cikin ramin ya dace da girman da kambi na dasa dashi.
- A hankali aka haye daji tare da dunƙule na ƙasa. Tsawon tsayi Tushen sara a kashe. Idan ƙasa ba ta murƙushewa, to, dunƙule zai iya nannade shi da mayafi.
- Bayan an komar da shuka zuwa wani sabon wuri, ana tursasa ƙasa a kewayen daji a hankali.
Kula! A cikin ruwa, zaku iya ƙara biostimulants: Zircon ko Epin. Za su taimaka wa fure su jimre da damuwa.
Ana shirya hawa wardi don hunturu
A cikin yanayi tare da m winters, da bushes tsari a kan pylon. Yi amfani da rassan spruce, waɗanda aka nade tare da fim a saman. Idan za ta yiwu, a rufe wasu wardi da yawa. Sannan zai fi kyau a kiyaye iska mai dumin jiki.
A cikin yanayin canjin sanyi, ana cire lashes daga kayan tallafin a gaba, in ba haka ba suna iya karya lokacin sanyi. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin 'yan kwanaki, ba da wardi damar yin tanƙwara a hankali. Lokacin da za'a iya shimfiɗa lashes zuwa farfajiya na ƙasar, an daidaita su cikin aminci. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da igiya. Za'a sanya murfin kumfa ko allon kwatancen tsakanin harbe da ƙasa.
Lokacin da aka saita yanayi a kullun zafin jiki mara kyau, tsire-tsire suna rufe da rassan spruce sannan kuma tare da kayan rufewa. Ana amfani da igiya don gyara bushes.
Informationarin bayani!Don yin tushen saukin haƙuri da hunturu, an shuka tsiron.
Lokacin da narkewar ta faru, ana ɗaga matsuguni ta yadda ƙaramin iska ke wucewa. In ba haka ba, da shuka na iya aboki.
Gudun wardi
Lokacin aikin shuka shine lokacin ciyayi, fure da 'ya'yan itace. Ya danganta da yanayin, yana farawa daga farkon ko ƙarshen bazara kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa farkon ko ƙarshen kaka. Ragowar lokacin shekara-shekara shine lokacin hutawa. Ana buƙatar don shuka don samun ƙarfi don sabon kakar. Warming alama ce ta farkawar fure.
Roawan samari, na farko 1-2 shekaru, ba shi da kyau a yi fure. Wannan yana kawar da ƙarfin su, kuma tsire-tsire suna buƙatar haɓaka koren kore, zama da ƙarfi kuma hunturu da kyau. To na gaba shekara za su Bloom profusely.
A wani lokacin tsufa da ya manyanta, hawa hawa wardi kuma suna buƙatar shayarwa, kayan miya, da girki. Yayin da suke girma, zasu buƙaci tallafi wanda zai ba da kariya daga iska mai ƙarfi.
Idan fure bai yi fure ba, to watakila dalilan suna kwance cikin rashin kulawa:
- Yin taki da yawa da yawa a lokacin fure. Ya kamata a yi amfani da riguna na sama da Phosphorus.
- Ba daidai ba pruning na harbe. Cire harbe mai rauni da waɗanda basu da tasirin girma. Fading buds kuma ya kamata a jefar da su. An yanke su 0.5 zuwa 0.8 mm sama da koda, wanda ya kamata a nuna a cikin daji.
- Yanayin daji yana shafa wurin dajin yake. Idan shafin duhu ne, damp ko bushe sosai, tare da zayyanawa, to ba za'a iya sa wadataccen fure ba.
- Dalilin rashin fure na iya zama cututtuka da kwari. Ya kamata a bincika shuka na lokaci-lokaci don kasancewar su da rigakafin kariya tare da maganin kwari ko fungicides.
Yabon fure
Hawan hawan yana yaduwa a cikin bazara da bazara. Samfuran Varietal suna haihuwar ta hanyar alurar rigakafi, keɓaɓɓe da yanke.
Cutsi na wardi
Maimaitawa
Lokacin kiwo shine bazara. Don yin wannan, ana ɗaukar tsayi mai tsawon 100-150 cm.Ya kamata a yanke waɗannan harbe a saman buds kuma a sanya su cikin tsagi na tsaye a cikin ƙasa (10 cm zurfi). Dole ya zama an riga an shayar da tsagi kuma yafa masa humus. An kafa reshe amintacce. Sama da ƙasa, kambi na harbi ya rage.
Mahimmanci! Duk tsawon lokacin girma, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa kasar gona tana da daɗi a wurin sanya ƙasa.
A shekara mai zuwa, ana yanke itace tare da tushen daga mahaifiyar shuka kuma tayi girma kamar seedling na yau da kullun.
Yankan
Akwai mafi yawa daga cikinsu tare da hawa wardi fiye da sakawa. Lokacin kiwo shine tsakiyar Yuni, yayin da mai tushe yake har yanzu sassauƙa.
Da farko, shirya cakuda ƙasa mai laushi da yashi. Aka adana a cikin kofuna waɗanda filastik ko wasu ƙananan kwantena.
Kowace sandar yakamata ta ƙunshi tserewa tare da ɗakuna biyu. Ana cire ganye, an an bar wasu guda biyu a saman, amma an rage su da rabi. A farkon kaka, Tushen yayi girma a kan sarewa. Ana iya dasa sabbin tsire-tsire zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.
Alurar riga kafi
Ku ciyar a ƙarshen bazara - farkon rabin bazara. Akwai misalai da yawa na wannan hanyar haihuwa. Koyaya, tsari da kansa yana buƙatar mai yawa aiki da dexterity. Ana yanke koda daga tsire-tsire masu horarwa kuma an liƙa su a cikin ƙwayar fure. Alurar rigakafin ya zama 5-6 cm sama da ƙasa.
A kan dogrose yi abin da aka yi wa T-siffa kuma saka fure a ciki. Sannan gyara wannan wuri tare da fim don budadawa. Ana sayar dashi a cikin shagunan lambun. Bayan wata daya, fim din ya raunana saboda haka koda ya girma. Lokaci na gaba, an cire koda. Bayan sati daya, an cire fure din rosehip.
Hankali! A kan aiwatar da iri, sake rarrabewa na iya faruwa - pollination na furanni tare da samfuran da ba dole ba. Sabili da haka, ana amfani da wannan hanyar haifuwa galibi a cikin wuraren kulawa.
Cututtuka, kwari da hanyoyi don magance su
Elwayar ƙasa tana da tsayayyen fari kamar fari da baƙar fata. Idan har yanzu shuka tana da cutar, to ya kamata a kula da ita da ƙwayar Bordeaux. Wannan kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi a cikin yaƙi da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fungal.
Spider mite a kan wardi
Wardi suna da saukin kamuwa da hare-hare ta hanyar gizo-gizo, fararen fata, kwari masu kwari da kwari. Idan tsire-tsire sun riga sun kamu, to, a cikin shagunan lambun zaka iya sayan magungunan kashe kwari da yawa.
Wadannan matakan rigakafin sun wanzu don hana yaduwar kwari:
- Fesa. Kwari ba sa yin haƙuri da zafi.
- Dubawa na harbe don kwari da lalacewa daga gare su.
- Jiyya tare da sabulu kore sau biyu a wata.
Ta tattara duka abubuwan da ke sama, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa hawan hawan Elf shine tsiro mai ƙarfi. Kasancewa ga dokoki don kulawa da shi, za a iya girma daji da yaduwa. Wanda zai yi godiya da dogon fure, yalwatacce, mai girma.
